• 공연문화연구
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• 제41호
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• pp.133-156
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• 2020

본고는 아기 어르는 소리 '달강달강'이 판소리 작품에 어떻게 수용되고, 작품의 서사 안에서 어떠한 역할을 하고 있는지 그 의미와 변모에 대해 고찰한 논문이다. 2장에서는 육아 현장에서 불렸던 달강달강의 지역적 분포, 아기 어르는 소리로서의 성격, 서사구조, 음악적 특징 그리고 현재적 전승에 대해 살폈다. 3장에서는 민요 달강달강의 가사와 판소리 작품 속 달강달강의 가사들을 함께 비교하여 그 수용양상을 살폈다. 판소리 작품 속 달강달강은 다소의 차이가 있지만 육아현장에서 불리던 민요 달강달강의 서사구조를 대부분 간직하고 있었다. <심청가>와 <적벽가>의 달강달강은 서사구조는 비슷했지만, 앞뒤의 구절에서 "어허둥둥 내 딸(아들)이야"로 차이가 있었으며, '도리도리'나 '쥐얌쥐얌' 같은 <단동치기십계훈>의 내용이 추가됐다. <강릉매화타령>에서는 민요 달강달강의 서사구조는 물론 "달강달강"이라는 앞뒤 구절까지 유지되어 민요와의 차이가 가장 적었다. 실제 육아현장에서 달강달강은 주로 엄마나 할머니에 의해 불려졌지만, 판소리 작품 속 달강달강은 모두 남성에 의해 불려졌다는 점도 특징이다. 민요 달강달강은 지역에 따라 육자배기토리, 메나리토리, 경토리 등 다양한 선법으로 불리며 자장가처럼 단순한 구조가 반복되는 선율이지만, 판소리의 달강달강은 판소리라는 음악양식의 특성으로 인해 대부분 평계면의 선법과 서사맥락에 따른 극적인 선율로 짜여졌다. 아기를 어르기 위한 민요 달강달강은 여유있고 나긋한 박자로 불렸지만, 판소리 작품 속 달강달강은 서사적 맥락에 의해 속도감 있는 '중중모리'나 '자진모리'장단에 맞추어 불렸다. 4장에서는 판소리에 수용된 달강달강이 작품 안에서 수행하는 역할과 의미, 그리고 변모양상에 대해 고찰했다. 달강달강은 각 판소리 작품 속에 수용되는 과정에서 서사 맥락과 극적 상황에 따라 사설과 선율이 변용되면서, 새로운 역할과 의미를 수행하고 있다. <심청가> 속 달강달강은 곽씨 부인을 잃고 슬픔에 잠긴 심봉사가 심청을 통해 삶의 의지를 되찾는 과정에서 등장했으며, <적벽가>에서는 어린 아들을 어르던 위나라 군사의 추억 회상 장면에서 달강달강의 사설이 사용됐다. <강릉매화타령>에서 달강달강은 부모자식관계가 아닌 남녀의 애정관계로 변모했다. <강릉매화타령> 속 달강달강은 육아의 현장에서 불린 '아기 어르는 소리'의 의미에서 벗어나 골생원이 가진 향락적인 삶의 태도와 지나친 성적 욕망을 이면적으로 드러내고 있다. 이처럼 판소리에서 달강달강은 대부분 환희의 장면에서 수용됐는데, 이는 아기를 어르는 지극한 애정의 감정이 판소리의 서사 맥락과 극적 상황을 드러내는 데 효과적이기 때문이라 하겠다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the perception of parental role held by university students and to examine difference in perception of parental role according to student characteristics. Method: The participant were 338 university student in Gangreung city. The instrument was developed by researcher and consisted of 4 subcategories ; child rearing environment, parental sensitivity, growth and development of infant, and physical care. Data were collected from May 10 to June 1 in 2004 and were analyzed using SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: The university students' perception of total parental role had a mean item score of 4.02, with 4.12 for parental sensitivity, 4.00 for child rearing environment, 4.00 for physical care and 3.95 for growth and development. There were significant differences in perception of parental role according to sex(t=-5.55, p=.00), grade(F=13.12, p=.00), type of college(F=28.34, p=.00), father's age(F=5.01, p=.00), father's education(F=5.01, p=.00), mother's education(F=3.33, p=.03) student's marriage plan(t=2.37, p=.01) main caretaker(F=9.53, p=.00) person who lived with student in childhood(F=3.62, p=.01) and student's perception of the need for education for parental role(t=3.74, p=.00). Conclusion: The impact of childhood experience has lifelong significance on subsequent health and development. Especially, the experience of childhood is highly affected by the quality of parental role. It is important to identify university student's perception of parental role as pre-parent preparation for parenting. Therefore, pre-parent education program are necessary.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2012

본 연구가 갖는 의의는 인터넷 중독 정도에 따른 기질과 부모양육행동, 학교폭력가해 간의 관련성을 실증적인 측정과 분석의 가능성을 제공했다는 점과 이를 토대로 인터넷 중독 정도에 따른 학교폭력을 예방하기 위한 정책적 제언을 도출했다는 점이다. 연구결과는 인구사회학적 특성에 따라 인터넷 중독의 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌으며, 인터넷 중독 정도에 따른 학교폭력 가해행동에 영향을 미치는 것을 살펴본 결과 인터넷 중독 및 중독 위험집단 청소년의 경우, 일반적 활동수준이 높고, 낮은 접근-철회성 기질과 기분기질이 학교폭력 가해행동에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 부모양육행동에 있어서 어머니의 높은 과잉기대와 낮은 감독이 청소년들의 인터넷 중독과 학교폭력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 인터넷 중독에 따른 학교폭력을 예방하기 위해 정부와 학교 및 가정의 역할로 나누어 정책적 제언을 제시하였다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.75-87
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• 1998

These days social and economical changes have influence on the structure of family and the role of family members. Working mothers and widowers with children are increasing because of economical difficulties. Support from relatives are decreasing because of the conspicuous trend toward nuclear families. According to these reasons androgynous fathers are required. Today's fathers in Korea socially and culturally have learned about traditional parenting, but they are changing their fathering styles to meet the demands of the times. However they don't have their own fathering models. Therefore nurses who hold an advantageous position to teach and support from clinic have to encourage them to care their infants. The purposes of this study were to define father's care giving in infancy, understand influencing factors on fathering, and the differences between fathering and mothering, then contribute to nursing implementation for supporting fathers. This study was designed to review references about father's care giving. The results were follows: Six aspects of parent participation were direct care. indirect care, play, decision-making concerning the child, amount of time of sole responsibility for the child and overall availability to the child. Direct care involved feeding, bathing, going to child if child awakens. dressing, putting child to bed, taking child to doctor, nurse, or dentist, transporting child to and from sitter, day care, or school, washing child's hair. Indirect care involved cleaning up after child, preparing child's food, fixing child's broken playthings, washing child's clothes, arranging baby-sitting, shopping for child's toys and clothes, transporting baby-sitter to and from your home. Young fathers were gradually participating in direct care like feeding, taking child to doctor. Father's care giving stimulated mothering and promoted parent-infant relationship. Influencing factors of fathering would be divided into father characteristics, surrounding factors, infant attributes. Father characteristics were age, role perception, relationship with parent. Surrounding factors were the opportunity of early contact, support system, spouse's expectation, marital adjustment, feeding type, past experience of care giving. Infant attributes were temperament, behavior, age, sex. The differences between fathering and mothering were reviewed. Fathers were poor at care giving. but their caring was similar to mother's. This subtle difference positively worked upon infant's growth and development. On the basis of these theoretical data, nurses can empower fathers to cooperate with mothers in caring infants.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2013

Objectives The goal of the present study was to elucidate the characteristics of behavior problems in Sasang typology with child patients. Methods Subjects consisted of 176 (95 boys, 81 girls) children from 36 months to 83 months were diagnosed by two clinical experts in pediatrics and Sasang medicine. There were 22 So-Yang types, 141 Tae-Eum types, and 13 So-Eum types. The behavior problems were measured with Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used for the analysis. Results There were no significant differences between Sasang types among subject's age (F(2, 173)=.190, p=.827) and sex (${\chi}^2$(2, N=176)=1.639, p=.441) as well as their mother's age (F(2, 169)=.060, p=.942) and education level (${\chi}^2$(4, N=172)=.394, p=.983) and their father's age (F(2, 168)=1.184, p=.309) and education level (${\chi}^2$(4, N=172)=5.664, p=.226). So-Yang types ($50.14{\pm}22.35$; $17.27{\pm}8.60$) had higher scores than Tae-Eum types ($38.74{\pm}21.32$; $12.62{\pm}7.98$) in total problems and internalizing problems score of the CBCL, respectively. More specifically, So-Yang types ($5.90{\pm}2.81$; $3.77{\pm}1.90$) had significantly higher depression/anxiety and somatization subscale score than Tae-Eum types ($4.04{\pm}2.73$; $2.30{\pm}2.12$). Scores of So-Yang types were significantly higher than those of CBCL clinical group in depression/anxiety and somatization subscales. Conclusions There were significant differences between child outpatients with different Sasang types, which would be taken into consideration concerning development of Sasang type diagnosis in addition to parenting, treatment, and prevention for children.