• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2004

This study examined the effects of perceived marriage conflict, mother's parenting and child's behavior problems on the child abuse. The sample consisted of 428 filth and sixth grade children. Statistical methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and path analysis. Several major results found from the analysis were as follows. First, the more the child perceived the parent's marriage conflict, the mother's parenting was controlling and the child's behavior was externalized, the more the child was subjected to the physical and verbal abuses. The mother's controlling parenting behavior had a first direct influence on the physical abuse, and the marriage conflict on the verbal abuse. Second, the marriage conflict had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the mother's affective and controlling parenting and the child's externalizing behavior problems. Third, the mother's controlling parenting had direct and indirect positive effects on the physical and verbal abuses through the child's externalizing behavior problems and. And mother's affective parenting had a direct negative effect on the physical and verbal abuses. Fourth, child's externalizing behavior problems had a direct positive effect on the physical and verbal abuse. Fifth, child's sex had an indirect effect on the physical and verbal abuses through mother's affective and controlling parenting. That is, boys were more exposed to the physical and verbal abuses, because mothers more controlled and less affected boys than girls.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.161-178
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parenting stress of mothers, warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors on children's social competence. Methods: A total of 1515 mothers of young children(780 boys, 735 girls), who had participated in wave 7 of the Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC), answered the questionnaires. The questionnaires included items about mothers' parenting stress, parenting behaviors, and their children's social competence. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and structural equation models using SPSS 23 and AMOS 22. Results: First, there was a significantly negative correlation between mothers' parenting stress and children's social competence. Also, there was a significantly positive correlation between mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behavior and children's social competence. Second, mothers' parenting stress showed a direct negative effect on children's social competence. Third, mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors showed partial mediating roles in the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and children's social competence. Conclusion/Implications: In order to develop positive social competence of children, programs and social support are needed to reduce mothers'parenting stress and induce positive parenting behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2006

This study examined relationships between children's aggression and the variables such as individual, family, and school adjustment. For this study, individual variables included age, self-esteem, and game-addiction tendency. Family variables included mother's controlling parenting, child-abuse, parents' marital conflict. As for school adjustment, teacher relations, peer relations, classroom and rule adjustment in school were examined. The sample consisted of 642 children of the fifth and sixth grade in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis included frequency, percentage, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, two-way Anova, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis: First, boys' aggression was higher than girls'. But no age difference was found in children's aggression. Second, game-addiction tendency had a positive correlation with children's aggression. In addition, self-esteem had a negative correlation with boys' aggression. Third, mother's controlling parenting had a positive correlation with children's aggression. Child abuse had a positive correlation with boys' aggression, and parents' marital conflict with girls' aggression. Fourth, teacher relations, peer relations, classroom and rule adjustment in school had a negative correlation with boys' aggression. In addition, rule adjustment in school had a negative correlation with girls' aggression. Fifth, game-addiction tendency, rule adjustment in school, self-esteem, mother's controlling parenting and teacher relations in school were important variables predicting boys' aggression. On the other hand, game-addiction tendency and rule adjustment in school were important variables predicting girls' aggression.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.145-154
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• 2007

This study investigated the relationship between mother's parenting attitudes and the adjustment to kindergarten of young children by gender and only-child/ sibling status. Subjects consisted of 210 3- to 6-year-old children and their mothers sampled from 3 kindergartens in Seoul City and Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. Instruments were the Maternal Parenting Attitude Scale (Ahn, 2000) and Kindergarten Adjustment Scale(Oh, 2006). Statistical methods were correlation and t-test. Results showed that mothers' hostile parenting attitude correlated with children's problematic adjustment to kindergarten and controlling parenting attitudes correlated with children's negative adjustment to kindergarten. Children's kindergarten adjustment varied by gender : boys' problem behavior was higher than girls'. Finally, being an only child or having siblings was not significantly related to kindergarten adjustment.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.183-194
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• 2010

This study investigates the relationship between a mother's self-differentiation and the rearing reviews focused on the mediating effect for the early adjustment of 1 to 2 years old at a nursery. First, the results based on the difference between the child-rearing attitudes of the level of self-differentiation show significance in the affectional-autonomic attitude in the top quarter of the total level of self-differentiation. Second, the level of the self-differentiation depends on the early adjustment results from the significant differences in the sub-elements; except for the emotional fusion that results in the higher the level of mother's self-differentiation that leads to higher early adjustment. Third, the impact of affectional-autonomic and affectional-controlling attitude reflected the positive influence of the entire early adjustment based on the effect of the child-rearing attitude. Finally, the results on whether the mothers' parenting attitudes influences the self-differentiation and the transition of the infant would mediate the early adjustment-relationship as shown in the mediating effect of parenting attitudes. Each type of mediation effect showed an affectional-autonomic and affectional-controlling attitude. In this study, the mother's self-differentiation and the infant nursery process shows the early adjustment associated with variables, the mother's level of self-differentiation, and the parenting attitude that effects the early adjustment that examined the mediation effect in the relations of self-differentiation and the early adjustment of child-rearing attitudes.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.547-559
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mothers' self-efficacy, parenting behaviors, and children's achievement motivation on children's self-efficacy. Subjects were 591 fifth- and sixth-graders and their mothers in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation, Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis. Several major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Any difference was not found by sex in children's general and total self-efficacy. Girls' social efficacy, however, was higher than boys'. 2) Achievement motivation had a direct positive effect and was the first positive contribution factor to the self-efficacy of both sexes. 3) On boys' self-efficacy, mothers' own had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their parental role efficacy had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through their affective parenting behaviors and the boys' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their controlling parenting had a direct negative effect. 4) On girls' self-efficacy, mothers' own had a direct positive effect, and their parental role efficacy had an indirect positive effect through their affective and controlling parenting behaviors and the girls' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through achievement motivation, and the controlling parenting had a negative effect, direct or indirect.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2019

Objective: The study looked at the relationship between the mother's adult attachment, the children's problematic behavior and the mother's nurturing attitude. In doing so, this study tried to determine whether the mother's nurturing attitude would play a moderating role in the context of the effect of mother' adult attachment on the children's problematic behavior. Methods: we surveyed 352 mothers of 3~5 year old infants who were financially dependent on day care centers. Results: The problematic behavior of being daunted is high when mothers' adult attachment of avoidance is high and when mothers have low level of controlling pattern in their nurturing of their children. The problematic behavior of anxiety and depression was observed when adult attachment of anxiety was high and low level of controlling pattern in their nurturing. Meanwhile, when the externalized problematic behaviors were examined, no interaction effect of mothers' adult attachment and nurturing pattern was observed in all sub-levels of the children's externalized problematic behaviors. Conclusion/Implications: We could see how the influence of parenting attitude appears in mothers with unstable adult attachment. In addition, mothers with unstable adult attachment may be able to confirm that the quality of the interaction of the parent-child relationship and the form of the child's problem behavior differ according to the level of the mother's parenting attitude in the child's problem behavior. The results of this study showed that mothers with unstable adult attachment differed in the form of problem behaviors of infants according to mother's parenting attitude in infant problem behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.833-845
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• 2004

This study examines different individual and environmental factors that affect children's self-control. For an analysis, locus of control, perceived competence, and achievement motivation were all included in individual variables. For family variables, mothers' parenting and patents' marriage conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relationship, class involvement, and teachers' supervision were used. The sample consisted of 548 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis: First, locus of control, perceived competence, and achievement motivation had a positive correlation with children's self-control. Second, mothers' affective parenting had a positive correlation with children's self-control. However, mothers' controlling parenting and parents' marriage conflict had a negative correlation with it. Third, teacher support, peer relationship, and class involvement had a positive correlation with children's self-control. In addition, teacher supervision had a positive correlation with girls' self-control. Fourth, class involvement, locus of control, and academic competence were important variables predicting boys' self-control. On the other hand, Class involvement, achievement motivation, academic competence, teacher's supervision, and mothers' controlling parenting were important variables predicting girl's self-control.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.6 s.220
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• pp.59-69
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• 2006

This study explored the antecedent variables associated with variability in toddler's aggressive behavior. The subjects were 182 toddlers(101 boys and 81 girls) and their mothers. Data were collected via questionnaires. The main results of this study were as follows ; First, aggression was significantly correlated with toddler age, but not with gender. Mother's parenting was related to boy's aggression, whereas both temperament and parenting were significantly related to girls' aggressive behavior. However, day-care variabes were not the significantly associated with toddler's aggression. Second, regression analyses revealed the interaction effect of child temperament and parenting, after controlling for main effects.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the longitudinal effects of parenting stress and parental control attitudes on problem behaviors in preschool children, using a latent growth model. Methods: Participants were 1,724 pairs of parents and 1,724 preschool children who had completed the panel survey on Korean children ($5^{th}{\sim}7^{th}$ survey panels). Results: An analysis of the multivariate latent growth model of parenting stress, parental control attitudes, and children's problem behaviors suggested that the parents' intercepts for parenting stress influenced their intercepts for parental control attitudes (father: ${\beta}=.21$, p<.001; mother: ${\beta}=.55$, p<.001). In addition, the slopes for fathers' parenting stress was the only aspect that affected the slopes for mothers' parental control attitudes (${\beta}=.77$, p<.001). Moreover, both the intercepts and slopes of parenting stress and parental control attitudes significantly affected the children's problem behaviors. Conclusion: This study is significant as it provides longitudinal evidence of the impact of parenting stress and parental control attitudes on children's problem behaviors. The findings suggest that accurately assessing changes in parenting stress and parental control attitudes and developing intervention programs to reduce them will be effective in reducing problem behaviors in children.