• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to explore the possibility of re-cycling a waste material that is now produced in large quantities, while achieving an improvement of the mechanical properties and durability of the mortar. This study examines the mechanical properties and the durability parameters of mortars incorporating plastics bag wastes (PBW) as fine aggregate by substitution of a variable percentage of sand (10, 20, 30 and 40 %). The influence of the PBW on the, compressive and flexural strength, drying shrinkage, fire resistance, sulfuric acid attack and chloride diffusion coefficient of the different mortars, has been investigated and analyzed in comparison to the control mortar. The results showed that the use of PBW enabled to reduce by 18-23 % the compressive strength of mortars containing 10 and 20 % of waste respectively, which remains always close to the reference mortar (made without waste). The replacement of sand by PBW in mortar slows down the penetration of chloride ions, improves the behavior of mortars in acidic medium and improves the sensitivity to cracking. The results of this investigation consolidate the idea of the use of PBW in the field of construction.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.191-202
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• 1998

콘크리트의 강도발현을 양생온도와 재령의 함수로 나타내는 적산온도 방법은 시멘트 콘크리트의 강도추정에 폭넓게 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 열경화성인 불포화 폴리에스터 수지를 결합재로 한 경량 폴리머 모르터를 대상으로 하여 적산온도법에 의한 초기강도 추정방법을 구명하였다. 폴리머 모르터의 압축강도는 가사시간 및 강도발현성에 영향을 미치는 촉매 및 촉진제 첨가량을 변화시켜 실험하였으며, 또한 적산온도 이론식에 사용되는 기준온도를 산출하였다. 적산온도는 추정된 기준온도를 적용시킨 적산온도 이론식에의해 산출하였으며 경량폴리머 모르터의 압축강도는 적산온도-압축강도의 관계로부터 추정할 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 얻어진 적산온도법에 의한 경량 폴리머 모르터의 강도추정식은 열경화성 수지를 이용한 각종 폴리머 모르터나 콘크리트에도 적용가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2007

Steel microfiber (SMF)가 알칼리-실리카 반응 (ASR)에 미치는 영향을 두 가지 종류 (부순 오팔과 직경이 일정한 pyrex 막대)의 반응 골재를 사용하여 알아보았다. ASR에 의한 균열은 기준 모르타르에서 쉽게 발견되었으나 SMF 모르타르의 균열은 아주 제한적이었다. SMF의 균열 진전 제어 메커니즘을 통하여 ASR에 의한 모르타르의 강도 저하와 팽창을 효과적으로 막을 수 있었고, ASR 생성물들의 유동성이 저하됨을 알 수 있었다. ASR 생성물의 성분을 microprobe 분석과 ICP 분광계를 이용하여 알아보았다. SMF의 구속 효과는 액체상태인 ASR 생성물의 높은 나트륨이 온과 규소이온의 농도를 초래하였으며, 높은 이온의 농도는 ASR 알칼리-실리카 반응성을 저하하는 원인으로 생각되어 진다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2016

In this study, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) prediction models for flexural strength of the cement mortars have been developed. For purpose of constructing this models, 12 different mixes with 144 specimens of the 2, 7, 28 and 90 days flexural strength experimental results of cement mortars containing pure Portland cement (PC), blast furnace slag (BFS), waste tire rubber powder (WTRP) and BFS+WTRP used in training and testing for ANN and ANFIS were gathered from the standard cement tests. The data used in the ANN and ANFIS models are arranged in a format of four input parameters that cover the Portland cement, BFS, WTRP and age of samples and an output parameter which is flexural strength of cement mortars. The ANN and ANFIS models have produced notable excellent outputs with higher coefficients of determination of $R^2$, RMS and MAPE. For the testing of dataset, the $R^2$, RMS and MAPE values for the ANN model were 0.9892, 0.1715 and 0.0212, respectively. Furthermore, the $R^2$, RMS and MAPE values for the ANFIS model were 0.9831, 0.1947 and 0.0270, respectively. As a result, in the models, the training and testing results indicated that experimental data can be estimated to a superior close extent by the ANN and ANFIS models.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the bond strength of self-compacting mortars (SCMS) produced from ground pumice powder (GPP) as a mineral additive. In this scope, six series of mortars including control mix were prepared that consist of 7%, 12%, 17%, 22% and 27% of ground pumice powder by weight of cement. A total of 54 specimens of $40{\times}40{\times}160mm$ were produced and cured at the age of 3, 28 and 90-day for compressive and tensile strength tests and 18 specimens of $150{\times}150{\times}150mm$ mortar were prepared and cured at 28 days for bond strength tests. Flexural tensile strength and compressive strength of $40{\times}40{\times}160mm$ specimens were measured at the curing age of 7, 28 and 90-day. Mini V-funnel flow time and mini slump flow diameter tests were also conducted to obtain rheological properties. As a result of the study, it was observed that the SCMs containing 12% of GPP has the highest bond strength as compared to control and GPP mortars. Compressive strength slightly increased up to 12% of GPP.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2016

This study was to investigate the firing method of limestone in Joseon Dynasty, and analyze the physical chemical properties of lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty. This study was to manufacture and evaluate the firing experiment and mortar of Limestone by each sort in order to reproduce the traditional lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty, and investigate the behavior to improve physical properties according to the firing method of Limestone. This study has found out that there were screening criteria and standard of appropriate firing temperature about the Limestone in Joseon Dynasty. Accordingly, this study was to improve its strength through various additives and mixture. In particular, in case of Limestone, the black and blue Limestone were preferred, and most of domestic Limestones were low grade Limestone including the clay and took ivory white or blue with low whiteness. This study has shown that the low grade Limestone was mined by the surface mining compared with the high grade Limestone as underground mining method, and could be used because it was easy to mine relatively and there was possibility that Natural Hydraulic Lime(NHL) was used with the traditional lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.339-342
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• 2000

Recently, the importance of the conutermeasures for waste materials has pointed out. Waste glass is also one to waste materials used for the recycling in construction sites. The crushed waste glass has been used to make a glass polymer composite that can be applied for sewer, storm drain pipe and interlocking block, etc. In this study, the crushed waste glass is explored with the possibility of recycling it, as a substitute for fine aggregates. The prepose of this investigation is to improve the strengths and acid resistance of the UP mortars using crushed waste glass. The UP mortars are prepare with blast furnace slag fly ash filler. the UP-fine aggregate ratios the crushed waste glass replacements for fine aggregate are tested strengths before and after immersion(H (아래첨자2)SO(아래첨자4) 10%), weight change and acid resistance are also tested. From the test results, the relative strength or UP mortars using fly ash as filler are found to be somewhat superior to that of the UP mortars using blast furnace as filler, And a UP mortar with fly ash as a filler, a UP-fine aggregate ratio of 15% and a waste glass replacement if 50% for fine aggregate is recommended as optimal mix proportion of UP mortar using crushed waste glass. Accordingly, it is enough to assure the use of the crushed waare glass as an aggregate for the production of UP mortar.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.553-563
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• 2013

The present study aims to show how the problem of reproducing, as closely as possible, binders of historic mortars by mixing raw materials which are commercially available, can be formulated as a linear optimization problem. The study points out that by mixing five standard raw materials (end-members) it is possible to obtain mortar binders with the almost same chemical compositions of those determined on the historic and archaeological mortar samples studied in some recent scientific papers. An advanced function of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, the Solver add-in, was used for the calculation of the right amount of each raw material to be mixed for producing the new binders. This approach could be useful to provide an optimal solution in the process of restoration of ancient monuments, where it is necessary to replace the historic mortars with new highly compatible repair mortars.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.329-345
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• 2019

Despite the extensive use of mortar materials in constructions over the last decades, there is not yet a robust quantitative method, available in the literature, which can reliably predict mortar strength based on its mix components. This limitation is due to the highly nonlinear relation between the mortar's compressive strength and the mixed components. In this paper, the application of artificial neural networks for predicting the compressive strength of mortars has been investigated. Specifically, surrogate models (such as artificial neural network models) have been used for the prediction of the compressive strength of mortars (based on experimental data available in the literature). Furthermore, compressive strength maps are presented for the first time, aiming to facilitate mortar mix design. The comparison of the derived results with the experimental findings demonstrates the ability of artificial neural networks to approximate the compressive strength of mortars in a reliable and robust manner.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2022

The rapid development of the construction industry in the world causes a rapid increase in the consumption of aggregate resources, which leads to the depletion of existing aggregate reserves. The use of recycled aggregate in the production of concrete and mortar may be a good solution to reduce the use of natural raw materials and to reduce demolition waste in the environment. In this study investigating the use of recycled aggregate in mortar production, mortar mixtures were produced by substituting 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% fine recycled aggregate (FRA) instead of natural aggregate. The effect of 20% and 40% fly ash (FA) substitutes on cement mortar performance was also investigated. Compressive and flexural strength, drying shrinkage, abrasion resistance, water absorption and capillary water absorption were investigated on the produced mortars. The increase in the use of FRA reduced the compressive and flexural strengths of mortars. While the capillarity coefficients, water absorption, rapid chloride permeability and drying shrinkage of the mortars increased with the increase in the use of FRA, the effect of the use of fly ash on the rate of increase remained lower. The increased use of FRA has improved abrasion resistance as well.