• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.201-214
• /
• 2010

Y$\grave{u}$zh$\grave{e}$ng(鬱證) comes from obstruction of qi by stress. The patient has depressed mood, irritable sign, chest discomfort, costal pain, angry state or some strange feeling on the throat. Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy is base on the theory of interrelation in five elements in oriental medicine. The contents of Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy include five subjugations of five emotions. Anxiety subjugates fear(思勝恐), fear subjugates joy(恐勝喜), joy subjugates pity(喜勝悲), pity subjugates anger(悲勝怒), and anger subjugates anxiety(怒勝思). Forgiveness program is a kind of psychological therapies to decrease the degree of anger and it is included in Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy. In this case, a female patient, 50 years old, who suffered from Y$\grave{u}$zh$\grave{e}$ng(鬱證) with chest discomfort, irritable sign, easily angry state, depressed mood, hot flush, insomnia. We used Oh-Ji-Sang-Seung(五志相勝) therapy besides herbal medication, acupuncture to her condition got improved. Therefore we reported it for the treatment.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.278-282
• /
• 1998

Various neurotransmitters have been proposed as possible mediators of penile erection. Especially, norepinephrine and serotonin might have a important role in sexual arousal and penile erection. And it could be hypothesized that the psychogenic impotence is associated with the depletion or imbalance of norepinephrine and serotonin from evidences, such as the symptomatic manifestation of depression and the antidepressantinduced sexual dysfunction. The authors investigates the association of norepienphrine and serotonin with psychogenic impotence. The psychogenic impotent group(PIG) consisted of twenty-three patients with psychogenic impotence and the controlled group(CG) consisted of twenty-seven patients without psychogenic impotence. PIG had no organic cause accounting for their erectile dysfunction. The Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) were applied to each subject to assess mood, state anxiety(SA) and trait anxiety(TA). Plasma norepinephrine level from systemic blood and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(HIAA) levels from 24-hours urine were measured in each subject. The mean score of BDI of PIG was significantly higher than that of CG(p=0.015). PIG had a tendency of higher TA compared with CG(p=0.054). And also SA was higher in PIG, but did not show significant difference(p=0.193). The level of norepinephrine was significantly lower in patient with psychogenic impotence(p=0.000). And the level of 24-hours urine 5-HIAA was lower in PIG but did not show significant difference(p=0.494). Although the authors did not exclude depressive disorders in PIG, the present findings suggest that psychogenic impotence might have higher depressive mood and trait anxiety, and be associated with the depletion of norepinephrine in systemic blood.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health state, oral health awareness and oral health behavior of middle school students in a bid to raise concerns about oral health problems in a local community and help ensure the efficiency of oral health programs. The subjects in this study were 662 seventh graders in 14 different middle schools located in the city of Hwaseong. The findings of the study were as follows: Frist, In terms of indices related to dental caries, DMFT index numbered 2.0. Secondly, as to subjective oral health state, 22 percent of the boys and 10.9 percent of the girls found their own oral cavity to be healthy, and the gap between them and the others was statistically significant different(p=.000). Thirdly, in regard to tooth-related habits, the girls brushed their teeth more often than the boys(p=.000). Fourthly, for snack-intake habits, the largest number of the boys ate between meals once(42.1%), and the second largest group of them did it two or three times(31.3%). Fifthly, regarding how they felt about dental treatment, the greatest number of the boys and girls replied there's nothing special when they were asked about their mood in case of seeing a dentist next day. The second largest group answered they would get a little nervous. As to mood while waiting for treatment, the greatest number of the boys and girls answered they would get a little nervous. In regard to mood while lying on a dental chair, the largest group replied they would be nervous. Concerning mood while lying on a dental chair for scaling, most of them answered they would get nervous.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 2018

Objective : There is an increasing number of people are not satisfied with their appearance and shape. Therefore, assessment tools are needed to evaluate the appearance or body shape. This study investigated the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Methods : Participants completed the BSQ, Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination-Self Report, Eating Disorder Inventory-2, Beck Depression Inventory, Self-Esteem Scale, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results : The Korean version of BSQ presented satisfactory test-retest reliability, internal consistency and validity. Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors as follow: feeling fat, shame and inferiority about one's body shape, attitudes concerning body image perception, and purging behavior. Conclusion : These results show the Korean BSQ exhibits good psychometric properties and can accurately evaluate the body shape concerns among Korean adults.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.132-141
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a forest therapy program on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mood states of fire fighters. A total of 293 participants completed two psychological questionnaires before and after the program was conducted: the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Data were analyzed with paired t-test and ANCOVA using SPSS 24.0. The PTSD results showed a significant decrease from 11.38 ± 12.58 points before the program to 6.91 ± 10.50 points after the program. Results of the POMS questionnaire revealed an increase in positive factors and a decrease in negative factors, with a significant overall decrease in POMS results from 8.58 ± 18.47 points before the program to -0.63 ± 15.83 points after the program. As a result of analyzing the differences in stress reduction effects according to the amount of sleep participants had, PTSD showed improvement at 6-8 hours of sleep. These results are expected to be utilized as a basis for stress management and relief in fire fighters.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2002

Objectives: This study is aimed at measuring psychophysiological responses using a biofeedback system in healthy people to obtain basic normative data for biofeedback research and treatment. Methods: Ninety-six healthy volunteers (55 males and 41 females : average age $30.4{\pm}8.0$) without any history of major medical or psychiatric illnesses participated in this study. Psychophysiological responses were assessed using the ProComp+ and BioGraph program (ver. 2.1) with regard to forearm and frontal electromyography (EMG), electrodermal response (EDR), and skin temperature. They were measured in 3 phases (baseline, stress, and recovery phases), respectively. Beck depression inventory and Spielberger state and trait anxiety inventory were used to measure mood states. We compared psychophysiological responses according to age and gender differences, respectively and examined the relationship between mood states and psychophysiological measures. Results: People in their twenties showed higher EDR levels in the 3 phases than those of other age groups. Female subjects showed higher frontal EMG levels in the 3 phases compared with male subjects. There was no significant correlation between biofeedback measures and mood states in these subjects. Conclusion: We present normative data of psychophysiological responses measured by a biofeedback system in healthy people. These results suggest that gender and age should be considered as important variables in assessing psychophysiological responses using a biofeedback system.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.76-84
• /
• 1999

Objectives: A number of studies have shown that sleep deprivation results in reduced vigilance and increased negative affects such as tension, depression and anger. However there are few studies about effects of sleep deprivation on anxiety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 40 hour sleep deprivation on state anxiety, affects, sleepiness and fatigue. The authors also intended to study the effect of trait-anxiety on these psychological variables after sleep deprivation. Methods: Twenty nine subjects(22 men, 7 women, $24.59{\pm}1.35$ years of age) participated in this study. Subjects had no past history of psychiatric disorders and physical illnesses, and had normal sleep-waking cycle without current sleep disturbances. All of the subjects completed sleep dairy for two weeks to exclude some who suffered from chronic sleep deprivation or sleep disturbances. Subjects were instructed to get a normal sleep as usual at night before the study. After awakening, subjects remained awake for 40 hours under continuous surveillance. They completed State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Index of General Affect, Stanford Sleepiness Scale and Fatigue Questionnaire every three hours, therefore they completed the scales 14 times totally. Subjects were dictated not to take caffeine, alcohol, or any medications on the day of the study. Heavy exercises and naps were restricted too. Results: Sleep deprivation resulted in increased state anxiety, negative general affects, and increased sleepiness and fatigue(p<.001). Dividing into high trait-anxiety group and low trait-anxiety group, there was significant sleep deprivation x traitanxiety interaction effect on general affect(p<.05). But, there was no significant sleep deprivation x trait-anxiety interaction effect on state-anxiety, sleepiness and fatigue. During sleep deprivation, the highest ratings of scales on anxiety, negative affect, sleepiness and fatigue occurred between 4 : 00AM and 7 : 00AM. Conclusions: These results show that sleep deprivation results in increased anxiety, mood state disturbance and increment of sleepiness and fatigue. These findings also suggest that trait-anxiety is a factor that influences the degree of worsening in general affect caused by sleep deprivation. During sleep deprivation, the rating curves of anxiety, affect, sleepiness and fatigue show rhythmicity that may be related to circadian rhythm.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2014

Objective : This study was aimed to discover the correlation between those getting tattoos and their psychopathology relating to their delinquent behavior and emotional problems. Methods : Data for this study was collected from 19-year-old men who were receiving a physical examination for conscription at the Military Manpower Administration. 400 data sheets were collected among them. All of the subjects were evaluated on the following measures : sociodemographic variants, Juvenile delinquency scale, State-trait anger expression inventory, Beck depression inventory, State-trait anxiety inventory, and Positive affect and negative affect schedule. Results : In comparison with those without tattoos, those with a tattoo scored higher in the scales that were related to delinquency, anger, depression, and negative emotion. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the number of tattoos and the scores for the Juvenile delinquent tendency and behavior scale as well as on the, State-trait anxiety scale. Conclusion : Those with tattoos had experienced anger, anxiety and depression more strongly in comparison with those without tattoos. These results recommend that tattooed males should be evaluated more on their regarding psychopathology compared to those without tattoos.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.124-134
• /
• 2022

Based on existing research, the psychological state of Chinese students has become a very significant issue that needs to be resolved. In addition to paying attention to the daily life and study of Chinese students, the psychological problems of Chinese students are also worthy of attention. At the same time, if the existing psychological problems are not resolved in time, serious consequences may result. Based on the ART(Attention Restoration Theory) theory, this article uses VR (Virtual Reality) content as a medium, uses 3D modeling software to build a healing scene that helps Chinese students improve their psychological and emotional state, and presents it in a VR device. To achieve the purpose of improving the psychological and emotional state of Chinese students. According to experimental tests, the VR recovery scene constructed by this method can help improve the psychological mood of Chinese international students who already have subliminal depression. The results of independent sample T-tests after data analysis experiments show that after the intervention of the experiment, the depression of the experimental group is significantly improved compared to the control group. It is proved that the method in this study is effective for the mentality and emotion of Chinese international students who have subliminal depression. There is a significant improvement effect.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2008

Objective : Brief screening for anxiety symptoms in clinical practice can further facilitate the diagnosis and evaluation of anxiety disorders. This study examined the factorial validity of the Korean version of the State-Trait Inventory (STAI)-Form X, one of the most frequently used self-report questionnaires for anxiety. Methods : Data from the STAI and Beck Depression Inventory were obtained from a consecutive sample of 200 outpatients diagnosed with DSM-IV anxiety disorders at a psychiatric unit of a university hospital. The factor structures of the State and Trait Scales were assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Results : Three-factor components, including 'State anxiety present', 'State anxiety absent' and 'Selfconfidence', were extracted from the State Scale, explaining 59% of the total variance. A four-factor solution involving 'Trait anxiety and depression present', 'Trait anxiety and depression absent', 'Anxiety proneness' and 'Stability' (59% of total variance) was extracted from the Trait Scale. The internal consistency of the STAI and factors were satisfactory. There were significant correlations between depressive symptoms and factors of the STAI. Conclusion : The STAI-form X showed factorial validity for Korean patients with anxiety disorders. However, our finding that this anxiety scale also measures depressive symptoms should be interpreted with caution.