• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.119-131
• /
• 2024

There are growing concerns regarding the safety of long-term treatment with opioids of patients with chronic non-cancer pain. In 2017, the Korean Pain Society (KPS) developed guidelines for opioid prescriptions for chronic non-cancer pain to guide physicians to prescribe opioids effectively and safely. Since then, investigations have provided updated data regarding opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain and have focused on initial dosing schedules, reassessment follow-ups, recommended dosage thresholds considering the risk-benefit ratio, dose-reducing schedules for tapering and discontinuation, adverse effects, and inadvertent problems resulting from inappropriate application of the previous guidelines. Herein, we have updated the previous KPS guidelines based on a comprehensive literature review and consensus development following discussions among experts affiliated with the Committee on Hospice and Palliative Care in the KPS. These guidelines may assist physicians in prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain in adult outpatient settings, but should not to be regarded as an inflexible standard. Clinical judgements by the attending physician and patient-centered decisions should always be prioritized.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.558-567
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to monitor the use of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments in Korean studies of patients with diabetes. Methods: Of 86 Korean studies initially identified, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. For each study, a description of the instrument and its psychometric properties were monitored by the Instrument Review Criteria of the Scientific Advisory Committee. These criteria include conceptual definition, attributes, taxonomy, reliability, validity, responsiveness, administrative mode, and language adaptations. Results: Five generic and one diabetes specific type questionnaires were identified from the 17 studies. Of those studies, conceptual definitions with the attributes of multi-dimension and subjectiveness were provided for 11 studies (71%). In the analysis of conceptual taxonomy, only 6 studies were classified as HRQOL, while other studies were done as QOL or health status. In monitoring of psychometric properties, reliability, validity, and responsiveness were reported for 88.2%, 64.7%, and 29.4%, respectively. One generic instrument was developed with a Korean population, while the other instruments were developed for Western countries. However, language adaptations were performed for only a few of the instruments. Conclusion: The psychometric properties including responsiveness of most instruments warrants further research, and the development of diabetes-specific HRQOL measurements should be sought to facilitate intervention outcomes across Korean studies of patients with diabetes.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2012

해양 분야에서 "e-Navigation"의 개념이 2005년 처음 소개된 이후, 최근 2~3년 전부터 국제해사기구(IMO)와 항로표지협회(IALA)에서 이행전략과 기술 표준화가 급속히 추진되고 있다. 특히 해상교통관제시스템(VTS : Vessel Traffic Service)은 항행지원정보교류가 가능한 육상국으로서 선박 통항의 안전과 효율성을 증진시키고 환경을 보호하는 e-Navigation의 핵심적 시스템으로 인식되고 있다. 최근 IALA VTS Committee에서는 출항에서 도착항까지 항행지원을 위하여 VTS 시스템간 정보 교류(IVEF:Inter-VTS Data Exchange Format)에 대한 요청으로 표준화가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 해상의 실시간 선박 교통흐름 정보는 국가적으로도 보안에 민감한 정보로서, 테러 등 역기능에 대한 우려가 있어, 안전한 정보교환은 필수적인 요소이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 상호연동을 위한 보안 프로토콜을 설계하고 안전한 데이터 전송을 위한 보안 구조를 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제16권12호
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 2011

노트북 컴퓨터, 스마트폰 및 기타 단말기 등 네트워크를 제공하는 모바일 기기가 증가함에 따라 무선 인터넷에 대한 많은 기술들이 발전하고 있다. IEEE 802.11은 흔히 무선랜, 와이파이라고 부르는 좁은 지역을 위한 컴퓨터 무선 네트워크에 사용되는 기술로 일상생활에서 쉽게 접할 수 있으며 액세스 포인트(AP)와 네트워킹이 가능하지만 무선랜은 보안에 취약하고 제 3자가 AP에 불법으로 접속하여 패킷을 조작하거나 정보를 빼낼 가능성이 있어 주의가 필요하다. AP (Access Point)는 무선 환경을 제공하는 기기로써 카페와 같은 공공장소에 설치되고 있다. AP는 무선인터넷을 더 편리하게 사용할 수 있게 한다. 하지만 IEEE 802.11 가진 많은 취약점 때문에 공격자는 AP와의 통신을 쉽게 도청할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 무선랜 환경에서 패킷 분석을 위한 모니터링 시스템을 설계하고 구현한 것으로서 최근 스마트폰의 보급 확대에 따른 모바일상의 보안문제가 크게 대두되고 있는 시점에서 주변에 어떤 AP와 스테이션이 통신을 하며, AP의 정보를 캡처하여 보안상의 취약점을 알아내고 분석할 수 있는 무선 네트워크 패킷을 분석을 위한 모니터링 시스템을 개발하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2022

Background: In Japan, new regulations that revise the dose limit for the lens of the eye (hereafter the lens), operational quantities, and measurement positions for the lens dose were enforced in April 2021. Based on the international safety standards, national guidelines, the results of the Radiation Safety Research Promotion Fund of the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and other studies, the Working Group of Radiation Protection Standardization Committee, the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) developed a guideline for radiation dose monitoring for the lens. Materials and Methods: The Working Group of the JHPS discussed the criteria of non-uniform exposure and the management criteria set not to exceed the dose limit for the lens. Results and Discussion: In July 2020, the JHPS guideline was published. The guideline consists of three parts: main text, explanations, and 26 examples. In the questions, the corresponding answers were prepared, and specific examples were provided to enable similar cases to be addressed. Conclusion: With the development of the guideline on radiation dose monitoring of the lens, radiation managers and workers will be able to smoothly comply with revised regulations and optimize radiation protection.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.159-174
• /
• 2006

Employment rate of graduating students has been one of the most important issues at universities. Recently interest on internship abroad has been increased significantly due to globalization of the society In particular, central and local governments have developed policies and encouraged university students to participate in internships abroad. However, activities and resources for internships abroad are very limited to a few organizations. This paper investigated the current status of internship in the U.S. and Korea. Then, this paper analyzed differences in demand and supply of the internship and matching mechanism of the internship between the U.S. and Korea. From the results of those analyses, this paper developed an international network model which can help effective and efficient increase in the demand and supply of the internship as well as the internship matching mechanism in Korea. This network model utilizes international NGOs in order to develop internationally cooperative environment. This model provides mechanism for (1) effectively identifying intern applicants who like to work abroad and evaluating thent (2) effectively identifying new internship positions and evaluating companies which plan to hire interns, (3) efficiently matching demand for and supply of internship by identifying appropriate candidates, (4) monitoring companies for their quality of working conditions and interns for their qualities of work This model for internship has been applied for a NGO which is International CBMC (Christian Businessman Committee International)

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.305-317
• /
• 2001

Effects on increased noise influenced residents on the urban areas as well as the rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed road. The object of this study is to better establish environmental policy for the year 2000s through analyzing current environment administration system in the field of noise and vibration. Noise and vibration administration system in Korea is composed of various standards in areas of noise environment, traffic noise regulation, living noise regulation, factory noise and vibration regulation, and aircraft noise regulation. Furthermore, there exists environment noise and vibration monitoring networking system. This study is to improve noise and vibration administration system through analyzing present condition and problems. This study suggests improved noise and vibration administration system by achieving four steps ; 1) goal establishment in noise and vibration administration system; 2) development of reduction mitigation method; 3) estimation of reduction mitigation method; 4) establishment of enforcement method. Proposed "Noise and Vibration Policy Committee" should be established to harmonize noise and vibration policy on scientific basis for the $21^{st}$ century.

• 보존과학연구
• /
• 통권26호
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2005

The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH) conducted the Asia Cooperation Programme in Conservation Science(ACPCS) to facilitate and promote the regional cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage among Asian countries. This course was promoted to provide an opportunity to study and work together, also to share a knowledge and experience in conservation field. The target countries were from 17 Asian countries, and this year our selection committee selected 2 specialist in cultural heritage conservation field and selected persons had participated in the ACPCS course during three months. NRICH provided the round-trip airline tickets, overseas travel accident insurance and a living allowance to the course participants. And we requested programme announcement to Korean National Commission for UNESCO and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to progress favorably. This course period was three months from 29 August to 25 November, and the fields were conservation and restoration of tangible cultural heritage such as metal conservation, stone conservation, material analysis, DNA analysis, dating, biological control management of cultural heritage, environmental monitoring and so on.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2007

This study was aimed to provide the controlled terminology for adverse drug reactions by selecting an appropriate internationally standardized classifications (WHO-ART or MedDRA). We collected the relevant information on ADR terminology systems including WHO-ART and MedDRA by online searching and visiting pharmaceutical companies and WHO UMC (Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden). For MedDRA, project leader directly communicated with the officer of MSSO (Maintenance and Support Services Organization). Collecting all the pertinent information, two possible terminology classifications or systems (WHO-ART and MedDRA) were compared in the views of acceptability, cost-effectiveness and international feasibility and reviewed by the consultation committee and finally WHO-ART was selected.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제81권3호
• /
• pp.175-186
• /
• 2018

Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Since 2014, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) has assessed the overall quality of care among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) provided by all medical institutions in Korea. A committee of the Korea Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases developed the hospital inpatient quality measures set for CAP consisting of eight core measures and five monitoring measures. The composite measure score was calculated. The medical records of hospitalized adult patients ages 18 years or more with CAP from October to December 2014 were evaluated. The data of 523 hospitals (42 tertiary hospitals [8.0%], 256 general hospitals [49%], and 225 hospitals [43.0%]) and 15,432 cases (tertiary hospitals, 1,673 cases [10.8%]; general hospitals, 8,803 cases [57.1%]; hospitals, 4,956 cases [32.1%]) were analyzed. We found large variations among institutions in terms of performance of care measures for CAP. For the composite measure score, the mean value was 66.7 (tertiary hospitals, 98.5; general hospitals, 79.2; hospitals, 43.8). Despite significant differences in measure scores between tertiary, general hospitals and hospitals, no significant differences were found in mortality between hospitals. Further studies are needed to determine the care measures appropriate for CAP.