• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2024

There are growing concerns regarding the safety of long-term treatment with opioids of patients with chronic non-cancer pain. In 2017, the Korean Pain Society (KPS) developed guidelines for opioid prescriptions for chronic non-cancer pain to guide physicians to prescribe opioids effectively and safely. Since then, investigations have provided updated data regarding opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain and have focused on initial dosing schedules, reassessment follow-ups, recommended dosage thresholds considering the risk-benefit ratio, dose-reducing schedules for tapering and discontinuation, adverse effects, and inadvertent problems resulting from inappropriate application of the previous guidelines. Herein, we have updated the previous KPS guidelines based on a comprehensive literature review and consensus development following discussions among experts affiliated with the Committee on Hospice and Palliative Care in the KPS. These guidelines may assist physicians in prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain in adult outpatient settings, but should not to be regarded as an inflexible standard. Clinical judgements by the attending physician and patient-centered decisions should always be prioritized.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.558-567
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to monitor the use of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instruments in Korean studies of patients with diabetes. Methods: Of 86 Korean studies initially identified, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. For each study, a description of the instrument and its psychometric properties were monitored by the Instrument Review Criteria of the Scientific Advisory Committee. These criteria include conceptual definition, attributes, taxonomy, reliability, validity, responsiveness, administrative mode, and language adaptations. Results: Five generic and one diabetes specific type questionnaires were identified from the 17 studies. Of those studies, conceptual definitions with the attributes of multi-dimension and subjectiveness were provided for 11 studies (71%). In the analysis of conceptual taxonomy, only 6 studies were classified as HRQOL, while other studies were done as QOL or health status. In monitoring of psychometric properties, reliability, validity, and responsiveness were reported for 88.2%, 64.7%, and 29.4%, respectively. One generic instrument was developed with a Korean population, while the other instruments were developed for Western countries. However, language adaptations were performed for only a few of the instruments. Conclusion: The psychometric properties including responsiveness of most instruments warrants further research, and the development of diabetes-specific HRQOL measurements should be sought to facilitate intervention outcomes across Korean studies of patients with diabetes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

A concept of the "e-Navigation" was introduced in 2005 and implementation strategies are under way by IMO/IALA in the maritime safety area. Specially VTS is an important maritime traffic monitoring and aids to navigation system which is aims to improve safety, navigation efficiency and protect the marine environment. The demand of the inter-VTS networking has been increased and standardization is underway for realization of shore side collaboration for maritime safety in IALA. But there may be security problems in the inter-VTS networks if they have not proper security mechanism. The hacking of realtime ship position and sensitive maritime surveillance information caused a critical accident of vessel, human life and environment by terrorist. This paper aims to design of a secure inter-VTS network structure and related security protocol for secure sharing of sensitive maritime data.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.227-234
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• 2011

Many technologies for wireless internet are increasing as more and more laptop computers, net books, smart phone and other terminals, which provide wireless network, are created. IEEE 802.11 is computer wireless network technology that used in small area, called wireless LAN or Wi-Fi. IEEE 802.11 is a set of standards for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz frequency bands. They are created and maintained by the IEEE LAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE 802). AP (Access Point) is installed at cafes and public places providing wireless environment. It is more convenient to use wireless internet, however, It can be seen easily around us and possible to communicate with AP. IEEE 802.11 has many vulnerability, such as packet manipulation and information disclosure, so we should pay more attention when using IEEE 802.11. Therefore this paper developing monitoring system which can find out AP and Stations that connect with it, and capturing AP's information to find out vulnerability. This paper suggests monitoring system which traffic analysis in wireless environment.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Background: In Japan, new regulations that revise the dose limit for the lens of the eye (hereafter the lens), operational quantities, and measurement positions for the lens dose were enforced in April 2021. Based on the international safety standards, national guidelines, the results of the Radiation Safety Research Promotion Fund of the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and other studies, the Working Group of Radiation Protection Standardization Committee, the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) developed a guideline for radiation dose monitoring for the lens. Materials and Methods: The Working Group of the JHPS discussed the criteria of non-uniform exposure and the management criteria set not to exceed the dose limit for the lens. Results and Discussion: In July 2020, the JHPS guideline was published. The guideline consists of three parts: main text, explanations, and 26 examples. In the questions, the corresponding answers were prepared, and specific examples were provided to enable similar cases to be addressed. Conclusion: With the development of the guideline on radiation dose monitoring of the lens, radiation managers and workers will be able to smoothly comply with revised regulations and optimize radiation protection.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.159-174
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• 2006

Employment rate of graduating students has been one of the most important issues at universities. Recently interest on internship abroad has been increased significantly due to globalization of the society In particular, central and local governments have developed policies and encouraged university students to participate in internships abroad. However, activities and resources for internships abroad are very limited to a few organizations. This paper investigated the current status of internship in the U.S. and Korea. Then, this paper analyzed differences in demand and supply of the internship and matching mechanism of the internship between the U.S. and Korea. From the results of those analyses, this paper developed an international network model which can help effective and efficient increase in the demand and supply of the internship as well as the internship matching mechanism in Korea. This network model utilizes international NGOs in order to develop internationally cooperative environment. This model provides mechanism for (1) effectively identifying intern applicants who like to work abroad and evaluating thent (2) effectively identifying new internship positions and evaluating companies which plan to hire interns, (3) efficiently matching demand for and supply of internship by identifying appropriate candidates, (4) monitoring companies for their quality of working conditions and interns for their qualities of work This model for internship has been applied for a NGO which is International CBMC (Christian Businessman Committee International)

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.305-317
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• 2001

Effects on increased noise influenced residents on the urban areas as well as the rural areas because of rapidly increasing traffic volume and newly-constructed road. The object of this study is to better establish environmental policy for the year 2000s through analyzing current environment administration system in the field of noise and vibration. Noise and vibration administration system in Korea is composed of various standards in areas of noise environment, traffic noise regulation, living noise regulation, factory noise and vibration regulation, and aircraft noise regulation. Furthermore, there exists environment noise and vibration monitoring networking system. This study is to improve noise and vibration administration system through analyzing present condition and problems. This study suggests improved noise and vibration administration system by achieving four steps ; 1) goal establishment in noise and vibration administration system; 2) development of reduction mitigation method; 3) estimation of reduction mitigation method; 4) establishment of enforcement method. Proposed "Noise and Vibration Policy Committee" should be established to harmonize noise and vibration policy on scientific basis for the $21^{st}$ century.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.26
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• pp.203-211
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• 2005

The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH) conducted the Asia Cooperation Programme in Conservation Science(ACPCS) to facilitate and promote the regional cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage among Asian countries. This course was promoted to provide an opportunity to study and work together, also to share a knowledge and experience in conservation field. The target countries were from 17 Asian countries, and this year our selection committee selected 2 specialist in cultural heritage conservation field and selected persons had participated in the ACPCS course during three months. NRICH provided the round-trip airline tickets, overseas travel accident insurance and a living allowance to the course participants. And we requested programme announcement to Korean National Commission for UNESCO and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to progress favorably. This course period was three months from 29 August to 25 November, and the fields were conservation and restoration of tangible cultural heritage such as metal conservation, stone conservation, material analysis, DNA analysis, dating, biological control management of cultural heritage, environmental monitoring and so on.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

This study was aimed to provide the controlled terminology for adverse drug reactions by selecting an appropriate internationally standardized classifications (WHO-ART or MedDRA). We collected the relevant information on ADR terminology systems including WHO-ART and MedDRA by online searching and visiting pharmaceutical companies and WHO UMC (Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden). For MedDRA, project leader directly communicated with the officer of MSSO (Maintenance and Support Services Organization). Collecting all the pertinent information, two possible terminology classifications or systems (WHO-ART and MedDRA) were compared in the views of acceptability, cost-effectiveness and international feasibility and reviewed by the consultation committee and finally WHO-ART was selected.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.81 no.3
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• pp.175-186
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• 2018

Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Since 2014, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) has assessed the overall quality of care among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) provided by all medical institutions in Korea. A committee of the Korea Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases developed the hospital inpatient quality measures set for CAP consisting of eight core measures and five monitoring measures. The composite measure score was calculated. The medical records of hospitalized adult patients ages 18 years or more with CAP from October to December 2014 were evaluated. The data of 523 hospitals (42 tertiary hospitals [8.0%], 256 general hospitals [49%], and 225 hospitals [43.0%]) and 15,432 cases (tertiary hospitals, 1,673 cases [10.8%]; general hospitals, 8,803 cases [57.1%]; hospitals, 4,956 cases [32.1%]) were analyzed. We found large variations among institutions in terms of performance of care measures for CAP. For the composite measure score, the mean value was 66.7 (tertiary hospitals, 98.5; general hospitals, 79.2; hospitals, 43.8). Despite significant differences in measure scores between tertiary, general hospitals and hospitals, no significant differences were found in mortality between hospitals. Further studies are needed to determine the care measures appropriate for CAP.