• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.381-388
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• 2023

This thesis is purposed to develop a regional-customized education program selection model using big data analysis. Based on the literature review, the concepts and characteristics of big data and lifelong education are analyzed. In addition, this thesis presents how to collect the data for lifelong education and to use big data suitable for the characteristics of lifelong education. Based on these results, a regional- customized lifelong education program selection model is developed. The regional customized lifelong education program model is developed by the following six steps. The customized education program model proposed in this study has a high degree of flexibility in terms of practical use, as it can be utilized in real-time data provision methods such as the nationally approved Lifelong Learning Personal Status Survey without the need for analysis one year later, allowing for selective analysis and future predictions. It is clear that there is a significant need and value for big data in the education field. Furthermore, all programs used in the sample model are provided free of charge, and due to the programming nature, the community is actively engaged in exchanges, making it very easy to modify and improve for the development of a more complete education program model in the future.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2D
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• pp.243-248
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• 2008

Moisture damage of asphalt pavements can usually occur because of the loss of adhesion and cohesion between the asphalt binder and aggregate in the asphalt mixture due to presence of water. And this is one of the causes that is effect on the main distress of asphalt pavement. The objective of this study is to find out moisture damage characteristics of asphalt pavement. Effects of this study changes of the material properties and resistance characteristics of moisture damage on the asphalt mixtures under various temperatures and repeated immersion using indirect tensile test and modify Lottman test were evaluated during this study. The asphalt mixtures were produced using straight asphalt binder, SBS modified asphalt binder and aggregates. The material properties (resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, failure energy and $DCSE_f$) of the asphalt mixtures were generally decreased with increasing to moisture damage caused by the number of repeated immersion. The decrease ratios of material properties by repeated immersion on SBS modified asphalt mixtures were lower than those of straight asphalt mixtures at all three test temperatures. As a conclusion, current criterion for evaluation moisture damage of asphalt mixtures is difficult for using distinction standard because of the limited evaluation criterion with one time immersion and single material property. Based on this research, to evaluate long term moisture damage on asphalt mixtures, material property tests of various kinds with repeated immersion test are considered.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.4D
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• pp.477-483
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• 2008

If designed properly, street transit systems can provide many useful functions with the flexibility of serving an unlimited range of locations throughout an urban area. Over the last decades urban regions of Korea cities have seen rapidly changing travel patterns and urban conditions. Under this circumstance transit planners need frequent evaluations of its street transit routes so as to restructure or modify them rationally. It should be noted that the changing network influences passengers, operators, as well as the city itself. However, there is no proper framework with which to evaluate the street transit network comprehensively. This paper develops and provides a framework including criteria and indicators for evaluating street transit networks. Five criteria, such as network size, network structure, service requirements, efficiency of operation and the relationship to the city are presented. A number of indicators and measures representing each criteria are then suggested. As a practical example, an analysis and comparison of three minibus networks in Busan are presented, utilizing the developed measures and indicators. The results of this study will be of great use for planners responsible for transit route planning, particularly for planning of new or analysis of existing routes; their comparison with routes/networks of various cities.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

According to a recent KOFICE survey, K-Pop's popularity factor is divided into visual and auditory elements, and the importance of hearing elements is found. Among the various types of singers, idol groups led K-Pop and Black Pink, which topped the list of favorite K-Pop singers in 2018, was selected as the study target. In addition, Twice's music, which is similar to Black Pink's period of activity, has been set as a comparative research scope. The common features in the music of the two groups are the chorus and rhythm structure implemented around melody and Harmony rhythm, and the frequency of use of Major and Minor is greatly different. Through this method and modal interchange, K-Pop from 2016 to 2018 is analyzed. Research shows that first, more than one mode is used as a main melody. When more than one mode is used, different lines in the same line will vary depending on the functional form of the song. Second, the rhythm of the melody expressed with vocals and instruments is repeated based on a two-bar pattern. Finally, when using less chord and slowly expressing the igneous rhythms, there is a way to omit or modify the third notes that determine chord characteristics. Through this study, we can see that the usage patterns of the mode and modal interchange are divided according to the major and minor.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1277-1293
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• 2009

This study examined the factors affecting the loneliness of elderly in urban-rural complex area in Busan including personnel factors, health factors, and social factors. To examine the factors affecting the loneliness, 138 older adults, who are 65 years and over, residing Ki Jang in Busan, were interviewed through trained researchers. This study's results include the following. First, the result indicated that means score of loneliness among respondents was 50.6(SD 4.2). Secondly the factors affecting on the loneliness of elderly in urban-rural complex area were life satisfaction of personnel factors, level of activity of daily living of health factors, and social support(emotional and instrumental support) and level of social activity of social factors. So perspective of service of elderly have to expend for diminution of emotional and interpersonal problems. And social welfare service is need to modify and amend for variety policies. This study suggest that further research need in order to reduce loneliness of elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.509-516
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• 2023

The use of sulfur(S) in concrete has been variously studied as a way to improve salt resistance in concrete. However, sulfur is a solid material and is difficult to powder, which has disadvantages in its usability as an admixture or mixture for cement and concrete. For these problem, polymers such as dicyclopentadiene have been used to modify sulfur, but this also exists in a sticky state after modifying and does not improve the fundamental problem. So, reforming sulfur with slaked lime and the effect on cement hydration was examined by reforming sulfur with slaked lime, and the following conclusions were obtained. Depending on the reaction conditions, slaked lime modified bio-sulfur exists in a slurry state containing unreacted sulfur, unreacted slaked lime, calcium-sulfur(Ca-S) compounds and water. When slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is used as a cement mixture, salt resistance of concrete with slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is to be superior to that of plain concrete. This is believed to be because structure of cement hydrates with slaked lime modified bio-sulfur is to be more dense to that of plain cement hydrates by the continued presence of ettringite and can be used as a cement mixture in concrete.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.47-52
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• 2023

In order to efficiently maintain heat pipes operated by district heating operators, the facility history and damage history data built by the operator are used to identify key independent variables that are related to the occurrence of damage. Afterwards, the correlation with the frequency of damage was analyzed, and a basic model for estimating the frequency of damage was derived. Considering the correlation with the estimation model based on the use time currently being used by domestic and foreign district heating operators, a simple regression analysis basic model was presented as the independent variable with the highest correlation between continuous variables such as the use time, pipe diameter, burial depth, and insulation level of monitoring system, and the frequency of damage. The remaining independent variables were reflected as factors that modify and supplement the basic model. As a result of the analysis, as in previous research cases, it was confirmed that the analysis model between use time and frequency of damage had the highest correlation between the two variables and could be used as a basic model. Pipe diameter, burial depth, and insulation level of monitoring system information have also been confirmed to have a correlation with the frequency of damage, so they can be used as factors to supplement the basic model.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.375-393
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• 2023

The demand for Less than Container Load (LCL) has been on the rise due to the growing need for various small-scale production items and the expansion of the e-commerce market. Consequently, more companies in the International Freight Forwarder are now handling LCL. Given the variety in cargo sizes and the diverse interests of stakeholders, there's a growing need for a container loading algorithm that optimizes space efficiency. However, due to the nature of the current situation in which a cargo loading plan is established in advance and delivered to the Container Freight Station (CFS), there is a limitation that variables that can be identified at industrial sites cannot be reflected in the loading plan. Therefore, this study proposes a container loading methodology that makes it easy to modify the loading plan at industrial sites. By allowing the characteristics of cargo and the status of the container to be considered, the requirements of the industrial site were reflected, and the three-dimensional space was manipulated into a two-dimensional planar layer to establish a loading plan to reduce time complexity. Through the methodology presented in this study, it is possible to increase the consistency of the quality of the container loading methodology and contribute to the automation of the loading plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.2
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• pp.265-283
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• 2022

To develop Korean coronavirus disease (COVID-19) chest imaging justification guidelines, eight key questions were selected and the following recommendations were made with the evidence-based clinical imaging guideline adaptation methodology. It is appropriate not to use chest imaging tests (chest radiograph or CT) for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in asymptomatic patients. If reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing is not available or if results are delayed or are initially negative in the presence of symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, chest imaging tests may be considered. In addition to clinical evaluations and laboratory tests, chest imaging may be contemplated to determine hospital admission for asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic un-hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. In hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19, chest imaging may be advised to determine or modify treatment alternatives. CT angiography may be considered if hemoptysis or pulmonary embolism is clinically suspected in a patient with confirmed COVID-19. For COVID-19 patients with improved symptoms, chest imaging is not recommended to make decisions regarding hospital discharge. For patients with functional impairment after recovery from COVID-19, chest imaging may be considered to distinguish a potentially treatable disease.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.467-472
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• 2024

This paper examines the history of karate, its utilization as military training, and its value as a national defense sport. Originating from Okinawa, karate was introduced into Japanese military training in the modern era and spread worldwide. During World War II, the Japanese military intensified karate training for close-quarters combat. Post-war, karate was introduced to Western society through the U.S. military presence in Japan. In contemporary militaries, various martial arts, including karate, are utilized in training programs such as the U.S. Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP) and the Israeli military's Krav Maga. These programs integrate techniques from karate, judo, boxing, and other martial arts to create systems optimized for real combat. In military education, karate enhances individual physical and mental capabilities and improves unit combat effectiveness. Rigorous training develops physical fitness, mental resilience, and practical skills for close-quarters combat. Group training fosters camaraderie and unit cohesion. However, due to the changing nature of modern warfare, it is necessary to reconsider the proportion and methods of martial arts training in military education. With the advancement of high-tech weaponry, team operations have become more critical than individual combat skills. Rather than applying traditional karate techniques unchanged, it is essential to modify and develop them to suit modern warfare. Nevertheless, the value of martial arts training, including karate, remains significant in cultivating key soldier qualities such as physical strength, indomitable spirit, and camaraderie. It is anticipated that militaries worldwide will continue to evolve their martial arts training systems in line with changing times.