• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of D level protective clothing, improve their ease of movement by modifying the patterns, and validate the effectiveness of the improvements through 3D virtual fitting and subjective wearing evaluations. Based on previous studies that identified numerous complaints, the patterns of the neck, armpit, and waist areas were modified, resulting in the development of new patterns. To compare and analyze the improved protective clothing with the basic protective clothing, stress and strain were examined after 3D virtual fitting. Additionally, to assess the clothing's allowance, the overall distance between the avatar and the protective clothing, as well as the sectional circumference length and distance of each avatar body part, were measured. Furthermore, the improved protective clothing was manufactured, and a subjective wearing evaluation was conducted with ten males in their twenties as participants. The results showed that the improved protective clothing had evenly distributed stress, larger sectional circumference, and lower average cavity distance. The subjective wearing evaluation also revealed that the suit with improved patterns exhibited superior size suitability, reduced pulling sensation in different body parts, and increased ease of movement. In conclusion, this study confirmed that even minimal pattern modifications can enhance the functionality of protective clothing, alleviating discomfort for wearers.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.459-468
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• 2023

Power plant is a kind of basic industrial facility and might cause fatal industrial and human damage. In this study, the characteristics and effect of blast-induced vibration for tunnelling which underpass ○○ power plant in operation were evaluated. Previous blasting cases adjacent to industrial facilities were intensively reviewed, then allowable vibration criteria were suggested. 3 dimensional dynamic numerical analysis based on finite element method was performed to investigate particle velocity and resonance was examined by calculating the predominant frequencies. As a result, particle velocity at pump foundation which is nearest to the source was approached to the allowable criteria, therefore, the modified blasting pattern was newly suggested and confirmed the attenuation effect based on the test blasting. Consequently, appropriated decision-support procedure was established in case of adjacent blasting to industrial facilities.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2014

Adaptive development of early stage embryo is well established and recently it is explored that the mammalian embryos also have adaptive ability to the stressful environment. However, the mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, to evaluate the possible role of aquaporin in early embryo developmental adaptation, the expression of aquaporin (AQP) 5 gene which is detected during early development were examined by the environmental condition. To compare expression patterns between in vivo and in vitro, we conducted quantitative RT-PCR and analyzed localization of the AQP5 by whole mount immunofluorescence. At in vivo condition, Aqp5 expressed in oocyte and in all the stages of preimplantation embryo. It showed peak at 2-cell stage and decreased continuously until morula stage. At in vitro condition, Aqp5 expression pattern was similar with in vivo embryos. It expressed both at embryonic genome activation phase and second mid-preimplantation gene activation phase, but the fold changes were modified between in vivo embryos and in vitro embryos. During in vivo development, AQP5 was mainly localized in apical membrane of blastomeres of 4-cell and 8-cell stage embryos, and then it was localized in cytoplasm. However, the main localization area of AQP5 was dramatically shifted after 8-cell stage from cytoplasm to nucleus by in vitro development. Those results explore the modification of Aqp5 expression levels and location of its final products by in vitro culture. It suggests that expression of Aqp5 and the roles of AQP5 in homeostasis can be modulated by in vitro culture, and that early stage embryos can develop successfully by themselves adapting to their condition through modulation of the specific gene expression and localization.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.736-748
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• 2017

This study was carried out to offer basic data that can be used for clothing industry for active senior males emerging as a new consumer bracket in the rapid aging age. To this end, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on consumers' wearing condition targeting active senior males. As a result of the questionnaire survey targeting active senior males, the outdoor wear items that they had the most were windbreaker jackets, long pants, and they said the most important reason for their preferred brand was wearing sensation. The matters to consider in purchasing outdoor wear were also wearing sensation and size. Consequently, the active senior males regard wearing sensation as very important. The measurements that they felt uncomfortable by body part were the abdominal extension circumference, sleeve length and jacket length of a jacket, and the rise and lengths of pants. To design the outdoor wear patterns suitable for the active senior male's body type, the pattern measurements of these body parts need to be modified. From the fact-finding survey result on outdoor wear companies, their measurement indicating method was the same for jackets, but each brand used different methods for pants. Based on the results of this survey, outdoor wear needs to be developed to meet active senior needs.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

This study was carried out to file up structural design data for optimizing Pleurotus eryngii growing houses. Design data are including current farm status of Pleurotus eryngii growing houses in the aspect of structural configuration as well as environmental conditions to be controlled and maintained inside. A structural analysis was performed for the on-farm structures as well as some structures modified and suggested through field survey and analysis. The results are summarized as follows. According to the results of status analysis, Pleurotus eryngii growing houses were categorized as arch-roofed simple type and sandwich panel type. Though the size of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation facilities were considerably diverse, the basic dimensions of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation facilities showed relatively similar pattern: more or less of 20m of length, $6.6\~7.0m$ of width, $4.6\~5.0m$ of peak height, $1.2\~1.6m$ of bed width, and 4 layers of bed. In the aspect of spatial use of cultivation facilities, suggested models were shown to be mostly reasonable in the aspect of heating and cooling, micro-meteorological stability, land use efficiency per unit floor area, etc.. Especially, the standard models suggested so far were thought to be not efficient in its surface area and spatial volume per unit floor area as well as its uneffective structural design in the area around ceiling. In the results of structural analysis for the models suggested through this study by using those section frames to be found on farms, the panel type structures of both single span and double span were estimated to be over designed, whereas arch-roofed pipe houses were mostly found to be under-designed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2018

This research focuses on the development of upcycled denim fashion designs, whichis a more specific category within general upcycled fashion design. Characteristics of upcycled fashion design, which has been identified previously by researchers, include the following traits: environmentality, uniqueness, aesthetic appeal, availability, convertibility, and deconstructivity. The expression principles include recycling, substitution, recombination, and reduction. The result of the analysis of the denim fashion design characteristics, which is based on the theoretical analysis, has found. The external expression pattern consists of the deconstruction and reconstitution of materials, the avant-garde style and convertibility, the ability to mix and match materials and techniques, the production of zero waste, and the use of layering. The expression techniques used included decomposition, depaysement, weaving, cut-off, collage, assemblage, overlapping, connecting, attaching, and stitching. The inner meanings were identified as economicality through recycling, convertibility through rearranging, and the rarity and value of hand-made products. The result of the research applying the identified characteristics are as follows. First, developing and creating designs using modified denim and sub-materials with various expression patterns and techniques could provide completely new images unlike existing denim products. Second, modifying the details while maintaining the basic format of denim clothing could provide unique and new possibilities for upcycled denim fashion design. Third, environment-friendly models with creative designs were developed by recycling used denim materials. This reduced waste and energy while maximizing the use of resources. This study expects contribute to upcycled fashion design research by recognizing the unique characteristics and value of denim material.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2009

Purpose : The aim of this study was to determine the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF) on balance ability in poststroke hemiparetic subjects. Methods : The subjects of this study were 12 patients with hemiplegia who volunteered to participate in the experiment which was carried out over the course of 4 weeks. The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation is applied to group with three positions (sidelying, half-standing, modified plantigrade). The tests between before and after the intervention were measured by FSST (Four Square Step Test), FICSIT-4 (Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques), BBS(Berg Balance Scale). The data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test to determine the statistical significance. Results : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. After intervention, the score of BBS and FICSIT-4 significantly were increased compared with before intervention. 2. After intervention, the time of FSST were reduced significantly compared with before intervention. Conclusions : According to above results, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation improved with balance ability of patients with hemiplegia. This study provided basic data for effects Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on balance ability. In conclusion, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with other interventions is effective way to improve balance ability of patients with hemiplegia.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.244-251
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• 2016

In this study, the relationship between flow characteristics and projection distance, depending on the shape was examined. A numerical investigation technique for fluid analysis of a foam monitor was developed for the prediction, comparison and validation of the actual injection performance. The foam monitor changes the flow pattern of fluid flow according to the shape, The fluid losses were calculated from the numerical investigation affecting the projection distance. The basic form of foam monitor was used as a designed shape in N. The modified model used the length increase model of the flow path, and straight line of the model. The inlet pressure was 6.5bar. The results showed that the length increase model of the flow path and straight line of the model in the nozzle projection distance had improved. The results comparing the error rates projection performance were well matched to the 7.43% obtained from the validity test of the analysis method.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.57-73
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• 2019

This study was carried out to offer basic data that can be used for the production of outdoor pants for active senior males, which is emerging as a new consumer bracket in the rapidly aging society. To this end, this study modified and complemented the patterns of existing outdoor pants for active senior males, that received the most positive evaluations. On the basis of the research and outdoor wear assessment results, this study proposed the matters to consider in the manufacturing of outdoor pants for active senior males. As a result of the existing outdoor wear's wearing assessment, the pants of brand C were revealed to be the best. This study actually designed research outdoor wear by modifying the problematic parts by adding and subtracting spare length or circumference, on parts where fit satisfaction was low, and by referring to the selected brands' patterns. The research outdoor pants were designed by referring to the preferred outdoor types and colors that were revealed in the survey results. The wearing assessment was conducted by comparing the manufactured research outdoor pants and the existing outdoor pants, which were selected as the best outdoor pants. Consequently, this study verified the fit of the research outdoor pants was superior to most items. This study proposed the final patterns of outdoor pants suitable for active senior males through the modification of several items that required some improvements revealed via the wearing assessment of the research outdoor.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.317-332
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• 2018

Purpose: Patients with tibial fractures can have functional problems with balance and gait, as well as lower extremity muscle weakness. This case report aimed to describe the effect of hip joint strengthening exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on balance and gait and lower limb function in a patient with tibia fracture. Methods: One patient diagnosed with tibial fracture was treated for seven weeks with the basic procedure, pattern, and technique of PNF for a hip joint strengthening exercise. Results: The results of pre- and post-intervention treatment showed improvements in physical function and structure in the clinical tests, including the manual strength test; the modified Ashworth scale; sensory evaluation; balance, sit-to-stand, and gait performance; and evaluation of lower limb function. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the use of theory-based proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation for hip joint strengthening exercises positively affects patients' functional improvement in tibial fracture patients, and this may be used as a therapeutic exercise method for those with orthopedic problems in the lower extremities. One limitation of this study was that it was performed on only one tibia fracture patient, which makes it difficult to extend the treatment effects to all patients with this condition.