• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

The relationship between product quality/function and customer satisfaction has been considered an important point for the new product development. The seminal paper by Kano was the first to thoroughly address the non-linear relationship between product performance/function and customer satisfaction. In the analysis framework of the original Kano model, five factors are assumed, among which indifference factor occupies 40% in the classification scheme. When we analyze survey response using Kano model, many quality attributes can be resulted in indifference factor. This implies that some attributes which are meaningful tend to be classified as indifferent attributes for the customer satisfaction. In order to tackle this problem, a modified Kano model is proposed by reducing the indifference factor. The modified Kano model can be robust for the survey response. A survey is performed for the quality attributes of the smart phone. The response is analyzed and compared based on the original and modified Kano model. The surveyed quality characteristics of the smart phone are performance related attributes, application programs, functional attributes and subjective emotional quality attributes. Many quality attributes classified as indifference factor in the original model are classified as attractive, must-be, and expected factors, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2010

For the development of higher-sizing performance of paper, a sizing agent using recycled PET was synthesised. Polyester resin was extracted from wasted PET by subcritical hydrolysis and finally modified to synthetic sizing agent by mixing water-disperse PET with triphenyl phosphite(TPP). The modified PET was considered as an internal sizing agent in different wet-end papermaking conditions. The optimum condition in sizing efficiency was obtained in initial pH of 6.5 in case of rosin+alum system, and 7.5 in case of rosin+alum+PET system, respectively, and in addition amount of PET 3%. The sizing efficiency was also closely related according to the fiber properties of wet-end slurry, such as virgin fibres from UKP and recycled fibres from KOCC. The application of modified PET was good in strength improvement of paper, specially in tensile strength.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.121-129
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• 2000

The membrane requires both high in selectivity and flux. However, the permselective membrane has low flux. In this study, the porous alumina membrane was coated with silane coupling agent in order to enhance the flux with proper selectivity. The contact angle of water to the surface-modified alumina membrane was greater than 90$^{\circ}$, which indicated the high hydrophobicity. The modified membrane was tested in vapor permeation for the concentration of aqueous ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol. With the increase of ethanol, isopropanol, butanol concentration in the feed, permeation flux increased due to the greater affinity of ethanol, isopropanol, butanol with surface-modified alumina membrane than that of water. The experimental results showed that the permeation tate of surface-modified alumina membrane was 20~1000 times greater than that of a polymer membranes.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.24 no.A
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

Each year, new technological advancements for repair-purpose are being introduced to overlay the old deterioration of RC bridge deck at highway by latex-modified concrete. The days may come when this old problem will be successfully resolved. While the experimental works and researches are very active at both laboratory and field, only a few theoretical studies were performed on interfacial problems, especially on stress distribution and concentration of RC beam overlayed by latex-modified concrete. The repaired and strengthened structures would induce a premature failure due to the stress concentration at the adhesive layer of different material before the design expected failure. This paper investigated and proposed an analytical model for predicting interfacial shear and normal stresses of RC beam repair-purpose overlayed by latex-modified concrete. This would be used for predicting interfacial stresses and preventing premature failure at interfaces. This study modified Smith-Teng method for applying to cementitious repairing material, which was based on a direct governing equation and linear-elastic approach for interfacial normal and shear stresses. The proposed theoretical model was verified using commercial FEA program, LUSAS, in terms of interfacial stresses predicted by the proposed model and calculated by LUSAS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.3805-3810
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• 2013

The surface modification of silica particles (SPs) was systemically conducted by the treatment of 0.1-10 wt % phenylsilanetriol (PST) on the basis of SPs used through two step processes: 1) the PST coating of SPs via evaporation under reduced pressure and 2) their thermal condensation leading to Si-O-Si bond formation via heating at $130^{\circ}C$. The evaluation of the modified SPs was conducted by the simple floating test on water and the measurement of the contact angle (CA) of water droplet on the 2-dimensional layer of modified SPs on slide glass. When PST was used about 2 wt % or above on the basis of SPs (about average size: 50 nm) used, the modified SPs were fully floated on the water and all dispersed into upper organic solvent layer after a shaking with the mixture of the water and benzene, indicating that the modified SPs have hydrophobic properties. The modified SPs were characterized by $^{29}Si$ MAS NMR and physicochemical properties including SEM, TEM, BET, adsorption/desorption isotherms, etc. were measured and compared each other in details. This research demonstrates that the organosilanetriol is a good modifier applicable for the surface modification of inorganic oxide particles using a low amount of modifier on the basis of oxide particles used.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.3671-3676
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• 2013

A series of carbon nanotube, $C_{60}$, and graphene modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposites were prepared by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, $N_2$ adsorption, UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and Electrochemical impedance spectra were used to characterize the prepared composite materials The results reveal that incorporating $TiO_2$ with carbon materials can extend the adsorption edge of all the $TiO_2$-carbon nanocomposites to the visible light region. The photocatalytic activities were tested in the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) under visible light. No obvious difference in essence was observed in structural and optical properties among three series of carbon modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposites. Three series of carbon materials modified $TiO_2$ composites follow the analogous tentative reaction mechanism for TCP degradation. GR modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposite exhibits the strongest interaction and the most effective interfacial charge transfer among three carbon materials, thus shows the highest electron-hole separation rate, leading to the highest photocatalytic activity and stability.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2020

Background: Extensive eyelid defects are extremely challenging to reconstruct. Although numerous procedures for reconstructing periorbital defects have been proposed, no method is universally used. However, the Tenzel flap is the most commonly used technique to reconstruct eyelid defects affecting one-third to two-thirds of the eyelid. Methods: Recognizing the usefulness of the Tenzel method, we adapted it to reconstruct larger defects around the eyes. Seven patients underwent reconstruction with a modified Tenzel flap with an extended concept after wide excision of a malignant skin lesion. The main difference from the conventional method is that the modified Tenzel flap includes the medial portion of the lower lid defect. The design of a modified Tenzel flap begins as a semicircle at the lateral canthal area, in the same way as a classical Tenzel flap, and extends medially along the subciliary line to cover the defect on the medial lower eyelid. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 28 months. Results: All flaps survived and healed well, with minimal scarring and natural palpebral outlines. Conclusion: Compared to traditional procedures, the modified Tenzel flap has several advantages, including a one-stage operation, a less noticeable scar, and effective prevention of complications such as lower eyelid ectropion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.53-56
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• 2010

In this study, we conducted an impact assessment of the amount of volatile organic solvents addition on hybrid water-proofing system of urethane waterproof coating material and modified asphalt sheet. Also, we conducted a comparative assessment of whether modified asphalt sheet is dissolved or not and oil leakage by dissolution in order to perform a comparative analysis of characteristics of the impact on modified asphalt sheet according to the volatility of volatile organic solvents included in urethane waterproof coating material. The test was carried out by adding the same amount of organic solvents into each experimental group which is subject to volatility and non-volatility of organic solvents, respectively. The results of the test showed that in both experimental groups modified asphalt sheet was dissolved when adding over 10 percent of organic solvents regardless of volatility, and oil leakage observed only in the experimental group subject to volatility.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.829-840
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• 2013

The modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM) is one of the PWM techniques used in three-phase AC-DC buck converters. The modified SPWM works without the current sensor (the converter is current sensorless), improves production of sinusoidal AC current, enables obtainment of near-unity power factor, and controls output voltage through modulation gain (ranging from 0 to 1). The main problem of the modified SPWM is the huge starting current and voltage (during transient) that results from a large step change from the reference voltage. When the load changes, the output voltage significantly drops (through switching losses and non-ideal converter elements). The single-input single-output (SISO) approach with minor-loop voltage feedback controller presented here overcomes this problem. This approach is created on a theoretical linear model and verified by discrete-model simulation on MATLAB/Simulink. The capability and effectiveness of the SISO approach in compensating start-up current/voltage and in achieving zero steady-state error were tested for transient cases with step-changed load and step-changed reference voltage for linear and non-linear loads. Tests were done to analyze the transient performance against various controller gains. An experiment prototype was also developed for verification.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.507-515
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• 2012

To improve the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA)/waterborne polyurethane (WBPU) composites, the hydroxyl group of HA was modified by urethane reactions: the hydroxyl groups of HA were reacted with aliphatic or cyclic diisocyanate, and then the modified HAs were extended by adding polyol and/or ${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone. Composites were prepared by the prepolymer process method: the modified HA was directly pured into the urethane reaction of isocyanate and polyol. The properties of modified HA/WBPU composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, tensile strength, and water resistance. The results showed that the reactivity of aliphatic diisocyanate to the hydroxy group of HA was faster than that of cyclic one. Comparing to those of pure HA/WBPU composite films, the thermal stability, water resistance, and mechanical properties of the modified composite films increased with a degree of modification of HA.