• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2019

Purpose - e-Commerce is now one of the alternatives in shopping. Ease of Use and convenience aspects are the main supporting reasons that e-commerce is a trend for most people today. This study examines the relationship between the theory of technology to consumer behavior in using e-commerce applications. Research design, data, and methodology - The number of samples in this study was 600 samples from four major e-commerce made in Indonesia. The research method of this study Structural Equation Model (SEM) with AMOS and SPSS applications as analysis tools. Results - The results of this study state that most hypotheses support prior research and grand theory. On the other hand, the components of technology acceptance theory are mostly able to moderate variable consumer behavior in the digital era. Conclusions - The combination of essential elements of technology theory are oriented to the fundamental aspects of human beings as social beings. The most important thing for the development of the e-commerce industry to develop and be sustainable is the obligation to increase consumer confidence. The combination of components of technology theory and CCT can be a comprehensive marketing strategy and innovation to competitive advantage in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.316-321
• /
• 2007

This paper is proposed a novel method to approximate the maximum power for a photovoltaic inverter system and tracking method. It is designed for power systems application and utilities. The proposed Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT) control has the advantage to provide a new simple way to approximate the optimal or rated voltage, the optimal or rated current and maximum power rating produced by a solar panel and the photovoltaic inverter. And this straightforward method will be named linear reoriented coordinates method(LRCM) with the advantage that Pmax and $V_{op}$ can be approximated using the satre variable as the dynamic model without using complicate approximations or Taylor series. Furthermore tracking method is improved over 50% photovoltaic efficiency. This paper is proposed MPPT using LRMC and tracking method using weather condition of domestic moderate program technique. This paper is proposed the experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the new methods.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate the microbial metabolic activity of indigenous soil microbes under the radon exposure with different intensity and times in the secured laboratory radon chamber. For this purpose, the soil microbes were collected from radon-contaminated site located in the G county, Korea. Thereafter, their metabolic activity was determined after the radon exposure of varying radon concentrations of 185, 1,400 and 14,000 Bq/㎥. The average depth variable concentrations of soil radon in the radon-contaminated site were 707, 860 and 1,185 Bq/㎥ from 0, 15, and 30 cm in deep, respectively. Simultaneously, the soil microbial culture was mainly composed of Bacillus sp., Brevibacillus sp., Lysinibacillus sp., and Paenibacillus sp. From the radon exposure test, higher or lower radiation intensities compared to the threshold level attributed the metabolic activity of mixed microbial consortium to be reduced, whereas the moderate radiation intensity (i.e. threshold level) induced it to the pinnacle point. It was decided that radon radiation could instigate the microbial metabolic activity depending on the radon levels while they were exposed, which could consequently address that the certain extent of threshold concentration present in the ecosystem relevant to microbial diversity and population density to be more proliferated.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 1993

Precast/Prestressed concrete segmental bridges with moderate range of span length normally have a constant section height for economic segment manufacturing. Inside sectional dimension is often controlled for design of non-prismatic section between supports when variable stiffness is required. It is usual, in the preliminary design stage, to adopt trial bridge sections by past experience or by approximately estimated member forces. Three bridge models of different member stiffness have been selected to investigate flexural stiffness effects on member forces for preliminary design stage. The selected bridge stiffness has been determined by the flexibility index from review of the practically usable sections.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.1248-1253
• /
• 2003

Sensitivity information has been used for linearization of nonlinear functions in optimization. Basically, sensitivity is a derivative of a function with respect to a design variable. Design sensitivity is repeatedly calculated in optimization. Since sensitivity calculation is extremely expensive, there are studies to directly use the sensitivity in the design process. When a small design change is required, an engineer makes design changes by considering the sensitivity information. Generally, the current process is performed one-by-one for design variables. Methods to exploit the sensitivity information are developed. When a designer wants to change multiple variables with some relationship, the directional derivative can be utilized. In this case, the first derivative can be calculated. Only small design changes can be made from the first derivatives. Orthogonal arrays can be used for moderate changes of multiple variables. Analysis of Variance is carried out to find out the regional influence of variables. A flow is developed for efficient use of the methods. The sensitivity information is calculated by finite difference method. Various examples are solved to evaluate the proposed algorithm.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.57 no.6
• /
• pp.292-296
• /
• 2014

The deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 1 is associated with a characteristic facial appearance and a pattern of associated malformations. Characteristic manifestations include a round face with prominent 'cupid's bow' and downturned corners of the mouth, thin vermilion borders of lips, a long upper lip with a smooth philtrum, a short and broad nose, epicanthal folds, apparently low-set ears, micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal hands and feet, variable cardiac or genital anomalies, moderate to severe mental retardation, and growth retardation. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to map precisely the deletion, we present a case of chromosome 1q44 deletion with craniofacial characteristics, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. In comparison with other reported cases of 1q43-44 deletion, the subject does not show hydrocephalus, seizure, syn- or polydactyly of hands, and a urogenital anomaly. However, an arachnoid cyst, pinpoint dimple on the midline of the forehead, a right-sided supernumerary nipple and auricular pit, polydactyly of the right foot, adducted thumb, and flexion restriction of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a simian line in both hands were observed additionally.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.27 no.12
• /
• pp.2092-2100
• /
• 2003

Sensitivity information has been used for linearization of nonlinear functions in optimization. Basically, sensitivity is a derivative of a function with respect to a design variable. Design sensitivity is repeatedly calculated in optimization. Since sensitivity calculation is extremely expensive, there are studies to directly use the sensitivity in the design process. When a small design change is required, an engineer makes design changes by considering the sensitivity information. Generally, the current process is performed one-by-one for design variables. Methods to exploit the sensitivity information are developed. When a designer wants to change multiple variables with some relationship, the directional derivative can be utilized. In this case, the first derivative can be calculated. Only small design changes can be made from the first derivatives. Orthogonal arrays can be used for moderate changes of multiple variables. Analysis of Variance is carried out to find out the regional influence of variables. A flow is developed for efficient use of the methods. A software system with the flow has been developed. The system can be easily interfaced with existing commercial systems through a file wrapping technique. The sensitivity information is calculated by finite difference method. Various examples are solved to evaluate the proposed algorithm and the software system.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 1984

The pathological changes of stomach of the rat following 1,000 rad and 1,800 rad single exposure by Cobalt-60 has been made with 50 experimental rats. The dose of 1,000 rad and 1,800 rad single exposure were equivalent of biologic effect of 2,500 rad in 2 1/2 weeks and 6,000 rad in 6 weeks. Following single exposure, the groups of rat were terminated in 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks intervals and the stomach were fixed to formalin solution immediatly after dissection. The pathological changes were as follows : 1. Following 1,000 rad single exposure, the stomach show only mild to moderate submucosal edema in 4,8,12 weeks group. 1 and 2 weeks group show no changes. 2. Following 1,800 rad single exposure, $32\%(8/25)$ of rats were dead by radiation effect and all other groups of stomach revealed variable pathological changes such as submucosal edema, squamous dysplasia, squamous papilloma as well as squamous cell carcinoma. 3. Optimal tolerance dose to the stomach was $4,500\~5,000$rad when irradiation given by supervoltage. The entire stomach was included within the irradiation field, the dose to the stomach should not exceed 6,000 rad. 4. In conclusion, the radiation injury to the stomach were more direct radiation effects to the gastric mucosa rather than secondary changes of radiation injured vessels.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.1580-1584
• /
• 2001

A study was conducted to estimate the nutritive value of some selected acacia forages using palatability index, in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production characteristics. Ten wethers (mean wt. $18{\pm}3.5kg$) were offered Acacia tortilis, Acacia nilotica, Acacia mellifera, Acacia brevispica, Acacia Senegal and Leucaena leucocephala (control) using a cafeteria system to determine the species preference by the animals. The acacia species were rich in nitrogen and showed variable palatability pattern. Significant (p<0.05) differences in relative palatability index (RPI) were detected among the species with the following ranking: brevispica > leucaena > mellifera > tortilis > Senegal > nilotica. Acacia nilotica appeared to be of low relative palatability with RPI of 24% and this was attributed to relatively high phenolic concentrations. The DM potential degradability (B) and rate of degradation (c) of the species were significantly (p<0.05) different, ranging from 40.1 to 59.1% and 0.0285 to 0.0794/h respectively. Acacia species had moderate levels of rumen undegradable protein, much higher than that in leucaena. In vitro gas production results indicated the effect of polyphenolic compounds on the fermentation rate, with lower gas production recorded from A. nilotica and tortilis. Based on RPI, A. brevispica and mellifera were superior to the rest and comparable to L. leucocephala. Long-term feeding trials are required with the superior species when used as protein supplements to poor quality diets.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.158-175
• /
• 2010

Culture means a lifestyle realizing a definite object or ideal. Each local special culture is enormous in value as a local culture inheritance. If it is developed a local culture products representing local culture, it can perform an important role on one of the strategies for revitalizing local economy. One of the typical cultures in Kyung-Nam is the Gaya culture. The most characteristic of the Gaya culture is powerful iron culture and lots of cultural properties have been founding as relics. Judging from a lot of iron relics, we can figure out a high level of iron manufacturing technology. I studied focussing on the plasticity of Gaya relics and collected base materials for developing local cultural goods, using the motif of Gaya culture with excellent aesthetic consciousness. I classfied Gaya relics into a crown style, jewelry, harnessry, weapons, armor, earthenware, and considered its characteristic of the plastic arts, based on the preceding studies and document data. There exists natural, moderate, polished, indigenous, simple, rhythmical, delicate, florid, technical, symbolical, strong, diverse, naive beauty in the plastic characteristic of Gaya relics. Gaya culture with the special excellence of aesthetic resources, is worthy enough to be recreated as local cultural goods. Variable and special cultural fashion-products with the distinctive feature of Gaya culture need to be developed without delay.