• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.44-44
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• 1993

Rat 기관 평활근에서 GS 283은 Carbachol에 의한 수축을 용량 의존적으로 억제시켰으며 특히 $Ca^{2＋}$-free 용액에서 G5 283은 농도에 비례하여 $Ca^{2＋}$에 의한 수축을 억제 시켰으며, 전형적인 $Ca^{2＋}$ 길항제인 Verapamil도 유사한 효과를 나타내었으나 GS 283보다 강력하였다. GS 283은 칼슘 길항 효과 이외에도 약하지만 Antihistamine 및 Antimuscarine작용도 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 Rat 대동맥에서 GS 389는 Phenylephrine(PE)에 의한 수축을 용량 의존적으로 억제시켰으며 $Ca^{2＋}$-free 용액에서 PE에 의한 수축과 KCI에 의한 수축율 모두 억제시켰다. 이러한 결과는 GS283과 GS 389는 $Ca^{2＋}$에 길항적용이 있음을 암시하며 특히 수용체를 통한 $Ca^{2＋}$-channel과 세포막의 voltage를 통한 $Ca^{2＋}$-channel을 모두 억제함을 강력히 시사한다. 향후 in vivo model에 대한 이들 약물의 효과를 연구해 보아야 할 것으로 생각하며 이러한 효과가 직접 $Ca^{2＋}$-channel에 대한 작용인지 또는 GS화합물이 cyclic nucleotide를 증가시키는 효과가 있어서 이로 인한 2차적 작용인지를 더욱 밝혀야 할것으로 생각된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.526-534
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• 1999

We investigated the effect of safflower-seed on fracture healing of fracture model in rat. Fracture healing was evaluated by examining the degree of wound healing macroscopically, radiography, bone histomorphometry and biochemical examination. After 1, 3, 5, 7 days, the would healing was accelerate in safflower-seed diet group. Radiography does not reveal the difference in fracture healing between two group. After 2 weeks, safflower-seed had a significant, stimulatory effect on external callus formation (p<0.05). But after 4, 6, 8 weeks, no difference was observed between normal and safflower-seed dietgroup in callus size. Urinary hydroxyproline, osteocalcin and total alkaline phosphatase decreased significantly (p<0.05) in safflower-seed treated group at 2 week after tracture.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1225-1230
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• 2004

The stability of fluoroalkyl groups as a pendent on the phenyl ring was measured in vitro using rat hepatic microsomes and human serum to predict their in vivo stabilities. We have prepared three [$^{18}F$]fluoroalkyl-biphenyls as the model compounds of fluoroalkyl aromatic compounds to compare the in vitro stabilities. In addition, in vitro stabilities were measured separately using rat hepatic microsomes and human serum at $37^{\circ}C$. Fluoroethylbiphenyl had similar or slightly superior stability to fluoropropylbiphenyl and these two compounds were much more stable than fluoromethylbiphenyl in vitro.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 1996

There are a wide variety of semi-solid ointments used for healing the skin diseases, whose therapeutic and skin penetration abililties may greatly differ from one another depending on the compositions of ointment vehicles. A computer optimization technique was applied to obtain the optimum formula of o/w type ointment giving the in vitro maximum absorption rate through hairless rat skin membrane. Some of the formulations were selected to find out a relationship between skin penetration of ointment and its Theological characteristics. The experimental value of absorption rate obtained from the ointment by optimum formula agreed well with the theoretical value obtained from a polynomial regression analysis, Three kinds of ointments selected among 15 formulations were obtained with a concentric cylinder type rheometer (Model; Rheolab SM-HM Physica, Germany) at 20, 30, 40 and $50^{\circ}C$ for rheograms of rhelolgical properties of o/w type ointments. As the temperature was raised, all products showed a decrease in both shear stress and yield values. The higher skin penetration, the lower shear stress showed.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2012

In this study, we prepared alcohol extracts of the larva, pupa, queen, and cocoon (clony) of B. ignitus, B. terrestris, and B. h. sapporoensis, and tested the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts by using a rat model of adjuvant-induced edema. The extracts derived from the queen of B. ignitus, the queen of B. terrestris, and the cocoon of B. ignitus decreased hind paw edema after 1 day of i.p. administration. These extracts also induced vasorelaxation and NO production in calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells. These results suggest that bumblebee alcohol extracts has anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant properties.

• 동위원소회보
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2006

Biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogels based on carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) and polyethyleneglycol(PEG) were prepared far physical barriers for preventing surgical adhesions. These interpolymeric hydrogels were synthesized by a gamma irradiation crosslinking technique. The 1Scmxl.Scm of cecal serosa and adjacent abdominal wail were abraded with bane burr until tbe serosal surface was disrupted and hemorrhagic but not perforated. and the serosa of tbe cecum was sutured to the abdominal wall in 5mm apart from the injured sire. The denuded cecum was covered with either CMC/PEG hydrogels or solution from CMC/PEG hydrogel. Control rat serosa was not covered. Two weeks later. the rats were sacrificed and adhesion was scored on a 0-5 scale. No treatment showed the significantly higher incidence of adhesions than either CMC/BEC hydrogels or solution from CMC/PEG hydrogel. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that CMC/BEG hydrogels have a function of prevention of intra abdominal adhesion in a rat model.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2023

Mitochondria are important organelles that regulate adenosine triphosphate production, intracellular calcium buffering, cell survival, and apoptosis. They play therapeutic roles in injured cells via transcellular transfer through extracellular vesicles, gap junctions, and tunneling nanotubes. Astrocytes can secrete numerous factors known to promote neuronal survival, synaptic formation, and plasticity. Recent studies have demonstrated that astrocytes can transfer mitochondria to damaged neurons to enhance their viability and recovery. In this study, we observed that treatment with mitochondria isolated from rat primary astrocytes enhanced cell viability and ameliorated hydrogen peroxide-damaged neurons. Interestingly, isolated astrocytic mitochondria increased the number of cells under damaged neuronal conditions, but not under normal conditions, although the mitochondrial transfer efficiency did not differ between the two conditions. This effect was also observed after transplanting astrocytic mitochondria in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model. These findings suggest that mitochondria transfer therapy can be used to treat acute ischemic stroke and other diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.874-878
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• 2008

목 적 : 본연구의 목적은 자궁 내 태아 백서에서 임신 백서의 대동맥 결찰로 허혈증을 유발하여 뇌실주위 PV) 유발 동물실험 모델을 개발하고자 하는 데 있다. 방 법 : 임신일령 21일 분만 직전 상태의 Sprague-Dawley rat를 진정 및 마취시킨 후 소동물용 하바드 인공호흡기를 사용하여 인공호흡을 시행하였고 이후 개복술을 실시하여 수술 겸자로 대동맥을 40분 동안 가역적으로 결찰 하였고, 이후 제왕절개술로 태아백서를 분만하고 인공호흡 등의 심폐소생술을 시행하여 안정화된 후 대리모에서 자라도록 하여 생후 21일에 뇌조직의 검체를 얻었다. 뇌조직의 검체는 관류한 후 고정하여 $10{\mu}m$ 두께의 연속 절편을 만들어서 병리학적 소견과 뇌실확장(ventriculomegaly) 여부를 관찰하였다. 뇌실확장의 정도는 각 연속 절편에서 측정한 전체 뇌 용량에 대한 뇌실용량의 비율로 판단하였다. 결 과 : 임신 백서에서 대동맥 결찰로 자궁 내 허혈증 유발 후 11마리의 태아 백서 중 8마리(73%)의 태아백서가 심폐소생술 시행 후 생존 하였고 정상 대조군은 10마리 모두 생존하였으며 생후 21일에 측정한 체중과 뇌의 중량 모두 허혈군에서 정상 대조군 보다 더 유의하게 감소되었다. 병리학적 소견 상 뇌조직의 연속 절편에서 측정한 뇌실용적의 비율은 허혈군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 증가하여($3.67{\pm}1.21%$ vs. $0.23{\pm}0.06%$) 뇌실 확장이 관찰되었으며 뇌조직의 낭성 병변은 관찰되지 않았으나 뇌조직의 희박화(rarefaction)는 6례에서는 경도로, 2례에서는 중등도로 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 자궁 내 태아백서에서 임신백서의 대동맥 결찰로 허혈증을 유발하여 PVL 유발 동물실험 모델을 개발할 수 있었다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1999

목 적 : 스트레스 유발 고혈압을 일으키는데 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체가 중요한 역할을 하리라 추정되어 왔다. 반복적 부동화 스트레스에 의한 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상을 Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats의 두 실험동물군에서 비교, 관찰하여 고혈압을 유발하는데 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 병태생리학적 기능을 규명하고자 하였다. Benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상은 방사성 동위원소를 사용한 수용체 결합 반응으로 검색하였으며 elevated plus maze검사로 각 실험동물의 불안도를 측정하여 각 군간의 결과를 비교, 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 불안도를 보기 위하여 측정한 plus-maze performance에서 percent open crosses는 Sprague-Dawley rats ($34.7{\pm}2.2$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($16.2{\pm}1.7$)가 유의하게 낮았고(P<0.05), percent time in open도 Sprague-Dawley rats ($22.5{\pm}1.0$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($12.1{\pm}1.2$)가 유의하게 낮아 불안도가 높은 상태임을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 스트레스를 주지 않은 Sprague-Dawley rats의 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수(Bmax: $5.5{\pm}0.6$pmol/mg protein)에 비하여 boderline hypertensive rats의 수용체의 수($3.1{\pm}0.7$pmol/mg protein)는 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 하루 2시간씩 14일간 부동화 스트레스를 부하하였을 때, Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats에서 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 수($7.4{\pm}0.7$ 및 $5.9{\pm}1.2$ pmol/mg protein)는 스트레스를 주지 않았을 때보다 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 스트레스에 노출된 boderline hypertensive rats는 스트레스에 노출된 Sprague-Dawley rats에 비하여 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수가 여전히 낮은 수준임을 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 이상의 결과로부터 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체는 스트레스 조절작용을 매개하며, 본 수용체의 수적 감소는 스트레스에 의한 고혈압 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was aimed to determine which pharmacopuncture was effective in relieving pain in standard pain model, acute grade 3 ankle sprain rat model. Methods : Percentage changes of weight bearing ratio(WBR), as pain indicator, were measured after anti-inflammation, neutro Eohyul, Hwangryunhaedock-decoction pharmacopuncture were injected to Guheo ($GB_{40}$). Results : In three kinds of pharmacopuncture, neutro Eohyul and Hwangryunhaedock-decoction pharmacopuncture represented more effect in percentage changes of WBR than surgical(non treatment), needling group. Conclusions : Comparing of pharmacopuncture in grade 3 ankle sprain rat model, these results provide basis to select pharmacopuncture in sprain disease. Furthermore, mechanism of pharmacopuncture's analgesia, anti-inflammation should be progressed.