• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.38-45
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• 2019

The present work suggests a numerical approach using a thermoacoustic network model for the eigenvalue calculation of thermoacoustic instability problems in an aero gas turbine combustor. The model is developed based on the conservation laws for mass, momentum, and energy between acoustic network elements with an area change. Acoustic field in a practical aero gas turbine combustor which has a complicated flow path is analyzed using the current model. The predictive capabilities of the current modeling approach are compared with the acoustic characteristics calculated using Helmholtz solver based on 3D finite element method(FEM).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.469-471
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• 2010

Supercavitating vehicles which cruise under water undergo high longitudinal force caused by thrust and drag. These combination may cause structural buckling. Static and dynamic buckling analysis method by using FEM can be used to predict this structural failure behavior. In this paper, some principles which include method for solution eigenvalue problem for buckling analysis are introduced. And before buckling analysis, we predicted some mode shape and natural frequency of cylindrical shell by using DIAMOND/IPSAP eigen-solver.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.555-558
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• 2010

This paper presents a design of solid rocket motor with high length to diameter applied composite propellant. Solid rocket motor with high L/D ratio can be generated erosive burning and combustion instability on longitudinal mode. Especially, Erosive burning can effectively prolong the initial pressure spike in some star grain motors. That is, the study shows design of grain, internal ballistics and structural analysis in order to perform system requirements.

• Journal of Information Display
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.5-8
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• 2006

A novel a-Si TFT integrated gate driver circuit using multi-thread driving has been developed. The circuit consists of two independent shift registers alternating between the two modes, "wake" and "sleep". The degradation of the circuit is retarded because the bias stress is removed during the sleep mode. It has been successfully integrated in 14.1-in. XGA LCD Panel, showing enhanced stability.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.270-273
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• 1998

We have demonstrated the wavelength tunable ultrashort pulse fiber ring laser proposed the novel method for measuring the cavity loss from relaxation oscillation frequency and the pump power. To suppress the polarization instability the laser cavity is configured with polarization maintaining fibers and to control the center wavelength a 2.4 nm bandwidth tunable wavelength filter was inserted in the cavity. The laser has 8 picosecond pulse width, 10 GHz repetition rate and 1.2 mW average power in 1530-1560 nm operation range.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.179-200
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• 1996

The intrinsic instabilities of fluid flow occurred in the melt of the Czochralski crystal growth system Czochralski method, asymmetric flow patterns and temperature profiles in the melt have been studied by many researchers. The idea that the non-symmetric structure of the growing equipment is responsible for the asymmetric profiles is usually accepted at the first time. However further researches revealed that some intrinsic instabilities not related to the non-symmetric equipment structure in the melt could also appear. Ristorcelli had pointed out that there are many possible causes of instabilities in the melt. The instabilities appears because of the coupling effects of fluid flow and temperature profiles in the melt. Among the instabilities, the B nard type instabilities with no or low crucible rotation rates are analyzed by the visualizing experiments using X-ray radiography and the 3-D numerical simulation in this study. The velocity profiles in the Silicon melt at different crucible rotation rates were measured using X-ray radiography method using tungsten tracers in the melt. The results showed that there exits two types of fluid flow mode. One is axisymmetric flow, the other is asymmetric flow. In the axisymmetric flow, the trajectory of the tracers show torus pattern. However, more exact measurement of the axisymmetrc case shows that this flow field has small non-axisymmetric components of the velocity. When fluid flow is asymmetric, the tracers show random motion from the fixed view point. On the other hand, when the observer rotates to the same velocity of the crucible, the trajectory of the tracer show a rotating motion, the center of the motion is not same the center of the melt. The temperature of a point in the melt were measured using thermocouples with different rotating rates. Measured temperatures oscillated. Such kind of oscillations are also measured by the other researchers. The behavior of temperature oscillations were quite different between at low rotations and at high rotations. Above experimental results means that the fluid flow and temperature profiles in the melt is not symmetric, and then the mode of the asymmetric is changed when rotation rates are changed. To compare with these experimental results, the fluid flow and temperature profiles at no rotation and 8 rpm of crucible rotation rates on the same size of crucible is calculated using a 3-dimensional numerical simulation. A finite different method is adopted for this simulation. 50×30×30 grids are used. The numerical simulation also showed that the velocity and flow profiles are changed when rotation rates change. Futhermore, the flow patterns and temperature profiles of both cases are not axisymmetric even though axisymmetric boundary conditions are used. Several cells appear at no rotation. The cells are formed by the unstable vertical temperature profiles (upper region is colder than lower part) beneath the free surface of the melt. When the temperature profile is combined with density difference (Rayleigh-B nard instability) or surface tension difference (Marangoni-B nard instability) on temperature, cell structures are naturally formed. Both sources of instabilities are coupled to the cell structures in the melt of the Czochralski process. With high rotation rates, the shape of the fluid field is changed to another type of asymmetric profile. Because of the velocity profile, isothermal lines on the plane vertical to the centerline change to elliptic. When the velocity profiles are plotted at the rotating view point, two vortices appear at the both sides of centerline. These vortices seem to be the main reason of the tracer behavior shown in the asymmetric velocity experiment. This profile is quite similar to the profiles created by the baroclinic instability on the rotating annulus. The temperature profiles obtained from the numerical calculations and Fourier transforms of it are quite similar to the results of the experiment. bove esults intend that at least two types of intrinsic instabilities can occur in the melt of Czochralski growing systems. Because the instabilities cause temperature fluctuations in the melt and near the crystal-melt interface, some defects may be generated by them. When the crucible size becomes large, the intensity of the instabilities should increase. Therefore, to produce large single crystals with good quality, the behavior of the intrinsic instabilities in the melt as well as the effects of the instabilities on the defects in the ingot should be studied. As one of the cause of the defects in the large diameter Silicon single crystal grown by the

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the fiber fuse in single-mode 2-kW-class high-power fiber amplifiers, depending on the cooling method at the splicing point. We measured the temperature of the splicing point between the pump-signal combiner and gain fiber as a function of laser output power. The temperature of the splicing point increased from 20 to 32℃ with a slope of 0.01℃/W, up to 1.2 kW of laser output power. At higher powers the temperature of the splicing point increased dramatically, with a slope of 0.08℃/W. After that, the fiber amplifier was destroyed during operation at 1.96 kW of output power by fiber fuse. The bullet shape, a common feature of fiber fuse, was observed in the damaged passive fiber core of the pump-signal combiner. Later, we adopted an improved water-cooled cold plate to increase the cooling efficiency at the splicing point, and investigated the laser output power. The temperature at the splicing point was 35.8℃ with a temperature-rise slope of 0.007℃/W at the maximum output power of 2.05 kW. The beam quality M² was measured to be less than 1.3, and the output beam's profile was a stable Gaussian shape. Finally, neither fiber fuse nor mode instability was observed in the fiber amplifier at the maximum output power of 2.05 kW.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

Crack instability propagation during coal and rock mass failure is the main reason for electromagnetic radiation (EMR) generation. However, original cracks on coal and rock mass are hard to study, making it complex to reveal EMR laws and mechanisms. In this paper, we prefabricated cracks of different inclinations in coal and rock samples as the analogues of the native cracks, carried out uniaxial compression experiments using these coal and rock samples, explored, the effects of the prefabricated cracks on EMR laws, and verified these laws by measuring the surface potential signals. The results show that prefabricated cracks are the main factor leading to the failure of coal and rock samples. When the inclination between the prefabricated crack and axial stress is smaller, the wing cracks occur first from the two tips of the prefabricated crack and expand to shear cracks or coplanar secondary cracks whose advance directions are coplanar or nearly coplanar with the prefabricated crack's direction. The sample failure is mainly due to the composited tensile and shear destructions of the wing cracks. When the inclination becomes bigger, the wing cracks appear at the early stage, extend to the direction of the maximum principal stress, and eventually run through both ends of the sample, resulting in the sample's tensile failure. The effect of prefabricated cracks of different inclinations on electromagnetic (EM) signals is different. For samples with prefabricated cracks of smaller inclination, EMR is mainly generated due to the variable motion of free charges generated due to crushing, friction, and slippage between the crack walls. For samples with larger inclination, EMR is generated due to friction and slippage in between the crack walls as well as the charge separation caused by tensile extension at the cracks' tips before sample failure. These conclusions are further verified by the surface potential distribution during the loading process.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2012

To determine the performance characteristics of motorcycle engine using biogas for practical use, the intake system of a 110 cc motorcycle engine is properly modified to operate with biogas as a fuel. Biogas is a potentially renewable fuel for replacing gasoline in future, but it has high percentage of $CO_2$ that could lead to slow the burning rate of biogas-air mixture and cause instability in combustion. Thus, the performance characteristics of biogas-fueled motorcycle engines could be different from those of gasoline motorcycle engines. In this paper, the important parameters of performance characteristics (such as: power output, thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, exhaust emission,${\cdots}$) of biogas-fueled motorcycle engine are studied and estimated with change of engine speed and load. The obtained results when operating with biogas are used to compare with that of gasoline fuel under the same operating conditions. Engine speed in the experimental is changed from 1500 rpm (idle-mode) up to 3500 rpm by a step of 500 rpm. Engine load is changed from zero to maximum load with the help of an exciting voltage device from generator-type dynamometer. The experimental results show that the tested engine operated with richer biogas-air mixture than that of gasoline-air mixture under the same test conditions. Biogas-fueled engine gives a higher fuel consumption and lower thermal efficiency under the same power output. Brake thermal efficiency of biogas engine is found to be about 3% lower than gasoline-fueled motorcycle engine for whole range of speed. Exhaust emission of biogas-fueled motorcycle engine (such as: CO, HC) is found to be lower than the limitation level of the emission standards of Vietnam for motorcycle engines (CO <4.5% HC <1200 ppm).

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2023

Under the long-term effect of corrosive environment, many cold-formed steel (CFS) structures have serious corrosion problems. Corrosion leads to the change of surface morphology and the loss of section thickness, which results in the change of instability mode and failure mechanism of CFS structure. This paper mainly investigates the elastic local buckling behavior of corroded CFS columns. The surface morphology scanning test was carried out for eight CFS columns accelerated corrosion by the outdoor periodic spray test. The thin shell finite element (FE) eigen-buckling analysis was also carried out to reveal the influence of corrosion surface characteristics, corrosion depth, corrosion location and corrosion area on the elastic local buckling behaviour of the plates with four simply supported edges. The accuracy of the proposed formulas for calculating the elastic local buckling stress of the corroded plates and columns was assessed through extensive parameter studies. The results indicated that for the plates considering corrosion surface characteristics, the maximum deformation area of local buckling was located at the plates with the minimum average section area. For the plates with localized corrosion, the main buckling shape of the plates changed from one half-wave to two half-wave with the increase in corrosion area length. The elastic local buckling stress decreased gradually with the increase in corrosion area width and length. In addition, the elastic local buckling stress decreased slowly when corrosion area thickness was relatively large, and then tends to accelerate with the reduction in corrosion area thickness. The distance from the corrosion area to the transverse and longitudinal centerline of the plate had little effect on the elastic local buckling stress. Finally, the calculation formula of the elastic local buckling stress of the corroded plates and CFS columns was proposed.