• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.195-201
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate effective intervention(Intrinsic foot muscle training and navicular mobilization) methods for flexible flat foot. 32 subjects were divided into two groups: intrinsic foot muscle training(IFMT) and navicular mobilization(NM). In both groups significant difference in navicular drop pre and post test(p<.01), significant difference between n the two groups (p<.01, 95% CI: .768-4.607). In both groups significant difference in Foot pressure distribution pre and post test(p<.01), significant difference between the two groups (p<.01, 95% CI: 3.404-14.90). The results of this study showed that the IFMT was more effective than that of the flexible flat foot. It would be possible to provide more effective interventions for patients with flat feet and also to prevent secondary musculoskeletal disorders due to flat feet.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2020

Objective: To compare the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic lower back pain. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-six individuals with chronic low back pain who were undergoing a postural correction and vertebral movement at a rehabilitation center participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into the joint mobilization group (n=12), gym ball exercises group (n=12), and the breathing exercises group (n=12). The exercises were applied for 40 minutes a day, twice a week for a total of 12 weeks. Measurement tools included the end-tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂), respiration rate (RR), breath hold time, Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ), excursion, and joint position error (JPE). Results: The groups showed significant differences in the ETCO₂, RR, NQ, Excursion and JPE test before and after the intervention (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in ETCO₂ and RR (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were most significant in the group that received breathing exercises in NQ and excursion (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in JPE Lt. and Rt. (p<0.05). Conclusions: All three interventions had a significant impact on the biomechanical changes, respiratory variables, and joint position sense in participants with chronic lower back pain. Breathing exercises were found to be particularly effective in improving respiratory parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.56-63
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• 2003

Fractional composition and mobility of sediments some heavy metals in Okdong stream are investigated. The fractional scheme for sediment heavy metal was made for five chemically defined heavy metal forms as adsorbed fraction, carbonate fraction, reducible fraction, organic fraction, and residual fraction (Tessier et at., 1979). The most abundant fraction of the sediment heavy metal is reducible and secondly abundant organic fraction. Adsorbed fraction is minor part of the total heavy metals. Mobilization of sediment heavy metals in stream Okdong is occur 19.8∼56.7% of total cadmium concentrate. The most abundant fraction of the sediment metal is organic fraction in Cu, Pb metals investigated. Labile fraction of sediment metals are 0.5%∼48.5% of total Zn, 2.6%∼48.1% of total Pb, 0.2∼36.9% of total Cu respectively, Most of labile fraction consists of reducible fraction for Cd, Zn, adsorbed fraction for Pb, reducible fraction for Cu, adsorbed fraction for Ni. The Mobilization of Zn and Cu is most likely to occur when oxygen depletes and that of Pb and Ni occurs when physical impact, oxygen depletion and pH reduction.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1893-1899
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• 2014

This study is to suggest strategies of specialty contractors that provide labors oriented engineering service by interaction analysis between construction business indicators and business performance indicators. For specialty contractors that mainly provides labor oriented engineering service, the amount of construction orders imposes lasting impact to the turnover ratio of current assets supposedly because they are operating current assets to secure labor. In other words, this type of specialty contractors are focused on mobilization of labor not materials or equipment. So, it is determined that they will be able to increase revenue by operating current assets to address current liabilities and labor mobilization.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 2020

This paper aimed to statistically analyze the impact of fire needs not considered in previous reports based on preventive and preparedness strategies of fire administration and fire budget.. The panel data came from 16 metropolitan councils from 2008 to 2018 and was statistically analyzed based on the preventive measures of the fire administration (agreement for building permission, specific target for fire-fighting, public use facilities, and special fire inspection [SFI]), preparedness of the fire administration (fire safety education [FSE]), response of the fire administration (mobilization for fire suppression [MFS] and mobilization for ambulance service [MAS]), and fire budget. In the results, SFI, FSE, and MFS had a significant negative influence on the fire budget. Meanwhile, MAS had a significant positive effect on the fire budget (p < 0.01). These results reflect public policy in Korea; there has been a paradigm shift in fire administration: from disaster acceptance (focusing on recovery) to disaster response (focusing on field response) to disaster preparedness (focusing on preparedness).

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.3-22
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• 2011

The study of online social movements is basically concerned about the impact of the Internet on the existing social movements. More specifically, researchers have paid attention to changes in participants, leadership style and movement strategies caused by the Internet. Due to the Internet, networks of the individuals who are geographically scattered or a network of networks have emerged as new movement agents. Researchers have also analyzed a repertoire of collective action adopted by the online social movements. The increase in online social movements calls for a new interpretation of the existing social movement theories such as resource mobilization, collective identity and political opportunity structure. There are still a lot of debate about the impact of the internet on social movement and the resulting changes. Not only the early debate of cyber-optimism and cyber-scepticism, many studies done by the mid-range perspective also suggested different arguments on the impact of the Internet. This discrepancy comes from a relatively short history of online social movement study, which leads to a limited number of case studies and a shortage of date accumulations. In the future, researchers need to place more attention on the unique characteristics of different technologies and comparative studies of online social movements. The study should also extend its focus to a wide range of political systems in order to explain the impact of online social movements on political intermediary organizations and the democracy itself.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.187-197
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• 2022

This study examined the effects of game genre, news media with differing political ideologies, and game-related information sources on gamer issue participation by performing a hierarchical regression model, using an online survey on Korean gamers (N=1,362). As a result of the study, playing specific genres of games played a positive role in gamer issue participation. The group behavior or collective action for or against game regulation reported in the liberal/moderate media acted as a mobilization cue for readers and potentially encouraged gamers to take social action. But the conservative media, which used governmental organizations and interest groups as sources of information, had a negative impact on real-life participatory behavior. The biased journalism practice of the mass media on game-related social issues influenced gamers' social and political behavior through corrective action. This study is significant in empirically analyzing the relationship between political ideology, game genre, media use, and gamers' social participation. The current research suggests the improvement of game regulation policy and the need for theoretical and conceptual expansion of game research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.169-176
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• 1999

본 논문은 지하수 흐름하에서의 풍화 잔류토의 세립자 유동특성을 파악하기 위한 수치모델을 개발하고, 실내에서 실시한 수리 모형실험을 통하여 수치모델의 적합성을 규명하였다. 한국의 풍화 잔류토는 점토와 모래의 중간 상태의 특성을 보이는 관계로 기존의 토립자 유동모델중 점토 또는 모래에 적합한 모델에 의해서는 정확한 유동특성의 파악에 한계가 있었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 한국의 풍화 잔류토에 적합한 세립자 유동모델을 제시함으로써 풍화 잔류토를 대상으로 시공되는 굴토공사, 댐 축조공사, 그리고 터널공사시 지하수 유입에 따른 세립토사의 유실특성을 이론적으로 규명하였고, 현장에서 배수재로 광범위하게 쓰이고 있는 토목섬유인 부직포의 투수 및 배수특성을 검토하였다

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.539-548
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• 2020

TTH(tension-type headache) is the most common primary headache among adults. Long-term headaches cause chronic headaches and have a better impact on daily life. The purpose of this study is to compare the contributions to TTH through AVE(audio-visual entertainment) and STM(soft tissue mobilization) suitable for management of pathogenic and psychogenic factors of TTH. The participants of this study were from 30 people who complained of intermittent or persistent headaches for more than 6 months, and 10 participants each in the AVE group, STM group, and AVE plus STM group. In the assigned group, a total of 12 sessions were performed three times a week for 4 weeks after the baseline, followed by post-test. Outcome measures measured PPTs(pressure pain thresholds), psychophysiological parameters, and EEG(electroencephalogram). The measured results were analyzed for interaction between time and group through a two way rmANOVA(repeated measurement variance analysis). As a result of the PPTs, interaction was found in the results of the right trapezius (p<.05), and the more improvement was observed in the AVE group. Therefore, through AVE based on psychological factors rather than direct access to the muscles of pathogenic factors, a positive impact on the PPTs was shown, but the average value of the psychophysiological parameters and brain waves that were not statistically significant. The amount of change was observed. Through this, it is suggested that audio-visual stimulation could be considered in the management of TTH.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.265-274
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• 2015

Background: Postoperative (PO) pain interferes with the recovery and mobilization of the surgical patients. The impact of the educational status has not been studied adequately up to now. Methods: This prospective study involved 400 consecutive general surgery patients. Various factors known to be associated with the perception of pain including the educational status were recorded as was the preoperative and postoperative pain and the analgesia requirements for the $1^{st}$ PO week. Based on the educational status, we classified the patients in 3 groups and we compared these groups for the main outcomes: i.e. PO pain and PO analgesia. Results: There were 145 patients of lower education (junior school), 150 patients of high education (high school) and 101 of higher education (university). Patients of lower education were found to experience more pain than patients of higher education in all postoperative days (from the $2^{nd}$ to the $6^{th}$). No difference was identified in the type and quantity of the analgesia used. The subgroup analysis showed that patients with depression and young patients (< 40 years) had the maximum effect. Conclusions: The educational status may be a significant predictor of postoperative pain due to various reasons, including the poor understanding of the preoperative information, the level of anxiety and depression caused by that and the suboptimal request and use of analgesia. Younger patients (< 40), and patients with subclinical depression are mostly affected while there is no impact on patients over 60 years old.