• 산업공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

This study shows achievable capacity gain from the MMR system. Relay stations are placed along the cell boundary in tiers. We can have as many tiers of relays and as many relays in each tier as we want. A model is developed, which can estimate the system capacity varying the number of relays in each tier and the bandwidths allocated to the BS and the RS. It is shown that maximum capacity increases are 21.5% and 18.9% when we have relays in the first tier only and in the first and the second tiers, respectively.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37B권12호
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• pp.1138-1147
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• 2012

케이블과 DSL의 대안으로서 라스트 마일(last mile)의 광역 접근을 무선으로 가능하게 해주며 고속 인터넷 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 표준 기술로 알려진 WiMAX에 셀 용량의 증대와 셀 커버리지를 확장하기 위하여 Mobile Multihop Relay 기술이 추가적으로 제안 되면서 많은 관심을 모으고 있다. 본 논문에서는 셀 커버리지를 확장하기 위하여 릴레이 노드(RS)를 운용하는 방법에 초점을 맞추고 사용자 노드(SS)들에 대한 형평성을 고려한 자원할당 알고리즘을 사용하여 다중홉 릴레이 네트워크의 성능을 분석하였으며, 특히 주파수 재사용 기법을 적용할 때에 릴레이 노드들 간의 간섭 현상이 셀 용량에 미치는 영향을 구체적으로 분석하여 비용 효과를 고려한 셀 커버리지 확장 방법을 제안한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.558-568
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an efficient macrodiversity handover (MDHO) technique for time-division-based interference-limited IEEE 802.16j multihop wireless relay networks. In the proposed MDHO, when the diversity set members of the mobile station (MS) are a base station (BS) and relay station (RS), the MS receives the signal transmitted by the BS in the first phase. During the second phase, it also receives the simultaneous transmissions of the BS and RS. Furthermore, when the diversity set members are two RSs or two BSs, the MS receives only the simultaneous transmissions of the diversity set members. The superiority of the proposed MDHO is validated using analytical and simulation results. The performance analysis metrics are the average downlink (DL) carrier to interference and noise ratio (CINR), the average DL spectral efficiency, and the average service outage probability. Evaluation results show that the proposed MDHO significantly outperforms the conventional MDHO. The CINR gain achieved using the proposed MDHO is 4.71 dB compared to the conventional MDHO.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권11B호
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• pp.1030-1037
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 다중 로봇 (multi-robot)을 활용한 응용분야 중, 미지의 영역에 대한 탐색 (exploration) 능력을 향상시켜서, 주어진 미로 (maze)에서 다중 로봇이 통신을 통해서 협력적으로 출구를 찾아가는 효율적인 방안을 제안하였다. 즉, 미로 형태의 임의의 환경을 생성한 후, 로봇을 무작위로 배치시켜 상호간에 통신을 통하여 출구로 신속히 모두 빠져나오는 문제를 다루고 있다. 미로탐색을 위해 다중 로봇의 지역 탐색에서 사용되었던, 프론티어 셀, 셀 유틸리티등 기존 연구를 활용하였다. 또한 로봇간의 다중홉 무선 통신 (multihop wireless communications)을 위해서 이동성 (mobility)에 강한 일종의 홉기반 (hop-by-hop) 라우팅인, 랜덤 베스킷 볼 라우팅을 채용하였다. 또한, 출구를 찾은 로봇이 일정한 확률에 의거하여 출구 앞에서 정지하거나 혹은, 빠져나가는 의사 결정을 하여, 이 확률적인 결정이 다른 로봇의 행동에 어떻게 영향을 주는지를 실험적으로 조사하였다. 즉, 출구를 찾은 로봇이 현재 위치에서 멈추어서, 통신 중계 지점 (relay)으로 어떻게 활동되어야 최적인지에 대한 문제를 모의 실험을 통해 파악해보았다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.5264-5281
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• 2017

Multihop relay-based cellular networks are attracting much interest because of their throughput enhancement, coverage extension, and low infrastructure cost. In these networks, relay stations (RSs) between a base station (BS) and mobile stations (MSs) drastically increase the overall spectral efficiency, with improved channel quality for MSs located at the cell edge or in shadow areas, and enhanced throughput of MSs in hot spots. These relay-based networks require an advanced radio resource management scheme because the optimal amount of radio resource for a BS-to-RS link should be allocated according to the MS channel quality and distribution, considering the interference among RSs and neighbor BSs. In this paper, we propose optimal resource planning algorithms that maximize the overall utility of relay-based networks under a proportional fair scheduling policy. In the first phase, we determine an optimal scheduling policy for distributing BS-to-RS link resources to RSs. In the second phase, we determine the optimal amount of the BS-to-RS link resources using the results of the first phase. The proposed algorithms efficiently calculate the optimal amount of resource without exhaustive searches, and their accuracy is verified by comparison with simulation results, in which the algorithms show a perfect match with simulations.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권12A호
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• pp.1198-1206
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• 2010

최근 스마트폰 및 타블릿 PC가 차세대 통신단말롤 급부상함에 따라 멀티미디어 서비스에 대한 사용자의 요구 또한 급격히 증가하였다. 기존의 통신네트워크사업자는 셀 용량의 증설을 위해 값이 저렴한 중계기의 도입을 적극 검토하고 있다. 그러나 중계기의 도입은 셀 내의 간섭을 심화시키고 이는 사용자 서비스 품질에 악영향을 미치며 서비스 불능(outage) 비율을 증가시키게 된다. 본 논문에서는 중계기를 사용하는 다중흡 셀룰러 네트워크에서 OFDMA에 적합한 효율적인 주파수 재활용 방법을 제안하여 서비스 불능 확률을 감소시키면서 동시에 데이터 수율을 증가시키고자 한다. 또한 동적 전력제어를 통해 추가적인 성능향상을 보장하며, 셀 전체의 데이터 수율과 서비스 불능 비율의 비교를 통해 성능을 검증한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2015

LTE-advanced와 IEEE 802.16m과 같은 차세대 셀룰러 네트워크는 중계기를 이용하여 적은 비용으로 높은 전송률을 제공하며 음영지역을 해소한다. 하지만 중계기에 의해 좁아진 셀 간격 때문에 셀 간 간섭은 심화되며, 특히 OFDMA를 사용하는 셀룰러 네트워크의 하향 액세스 링크(access link)는 많은 양의 데이터를 기지국이나 중계기가 동시에 사용자 단말에게 전송하기 때문에 간섭에 의한 성능저하가 심각하다. 이를 해결하기 위한 기존의 연구는 중계기의 분포를 대칭적으로 가정하였기에 실제 네트워크에 적용하는 것은 불가능하였다. 본 논문에서는 임의의 위치에 설치된 다수의 중계기를 이용하는 다중홉 셀룰러 네트워크에서 셀 간의 간섭을 완화하기 위한 채널할당방안을 제안하여 신호대간섭잡음비(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio)를 높이고, 전력 제어에 필요한 제어 메시지의 수를 감소시켜 네트워크의 데이터 전송률을 높이고자 한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.230-240
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• 2010

The IEEE802.16j standard uses non-transparent relay stations to extend coverage. There are two types of non-transparent relay modes, that is, the time-division transmit and receive (TTR) relay mode which can operate with one of two types of frame structures, a single-frame and multiframe structure, and the simultaneous transmit and receive (STR) relay mode. In this paper, we analyze the relay performance of TTR and STR relay modes in IEEE 802.16j MMR system. We also propose a fair resource allocation scheme for the downlink relay frame. Numerical results show that relay performance of the TTR with a single-frame or a multiframe structure and that of the STR relay modes are almost the same in a two-hop system. However, in a three-hop system, the TTR mode with a single-frame structure outperforms other relay modes.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.234-244
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• 2013

Internet protocol television (IPTV) service depends on the network quality of service (QoS) and bandwidth of the broadband service provider. IEEE 802.16j mobile multihop relay Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access networks have the opportunity to offer high bandwidth capacity by introducing relay stations. However, to actually satisfy QoS requirements for offering IPTV services (HDTV, SDTV, Web TV, and mobile TV) for heterogeneous users' requests, providers must use a video server for each IPTV service type, which increases the network load, especially bandwidth consumption and forwarding time. In this paper, we present a solution for forwarding IPTV video streaming to diverse subscribers via an 802.16j broadband wireless access network. In particular, we propose a new multicast tree construction and aggregation mechanism based on the unique property of prime numbers. Performance evaluation results show that the proposed scheme reduces both bandwidth consumption and forwarding time.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.618-633
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• 2014

Relay technology is becoming more important for mobile communications and wireless internet of things (IoT) networking because of the extended access network coverage range and reliable quality of service (QoS) it can provide at low power consumption levels. Existing mobile multihop relay (MMR) technology uses fixed-point stationary relay stations (RSs) and a divided time-frame (or frequency-band) to support the relay operation. This approach has limitations when a local fixed-point stationary RS does not exist. In addition, since the time-frame (or frequency-band) channel resources are pre-divided for the relay operation, there is no way to achieve high channel utilization using intelligent opportunistic techniques. In this paper, a different approach is considered, where the use of mobile/IoT devices as RSs is considered. In applications that use mobile/IoT devices as relay systems, due to the very limited battery energy of a mobile/IoT device and unequal channel conditions to and from the RS, both minimum energy consumption and QoS support must be considered simultaneously in the selection and configuration of RSs. Therefore, in this paper, a mobile RS is selected and configured with the objective of minimizing power consumption while satisfying end-to-end data rate and bit error rate (BER) requirements. For the RS, both downlink (DL) to the destination system (DS) (i.e., IoT device or user equipment (UE)) and uplink (UL) to the base station (BS) need to be adaptively configured (using adaptive modulation and power control) to minimize power consumption while satisfying the end-to-end QoS constraints. This paper proposes a minimum transmission power consuming RS selection and configuration (MPRSC) scheme, where the RS uses cognitive radio (CR) sub-channels when communicating with the DS, and therefore the scheme is named MPRSC-CR. The proposed MPRSC-CR scheme is activated when a DS moves out of the BS's QoS supportive coverage range. In this case, data transmissions between the RS and BS use the assigned primary channel that the DS had been using, and data transmissions between the RS and DS use CR sub-channels. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MPRSC-CR scheme extends the coverage range of the BS and minimizes the power consumption of the RS through optimal selection and configuration of a RS.