• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

This study was carried out to estimate the emission reduction rates for the regional allowable emissions by special measures to achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). A modeling system was designed to validate the details in enforcement regulations set up by local governments based on the current status and plans for air quality improvement. Modeling system was composed of meteorological model (MM5), emission model (SMOKE), and air quality model (CMAQ). Predicted results by this system show quiet well not only daily air pollutants concentration but also the tendencies of wind direction, wind speed and temperature. To achieve the target air quality in Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), emission allowances are estimated by seasons and regions. Referring to the base year 2002, it was estimated that emission reduction rates to achieve the intermediate goal in 2007 were 14.2% and 16.6% for NOx and $PM_{10}$, respectively. It was also estimated that 52% of NOx and 48% of $PM_{10}$ reductions from the base year 2002 would be required to accomplish the air quality improvement goal of 22 ppb for $NO_2$, and $40mg/m^3$ for $PM_{10}$ in year 2014. To improve $NO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ concentration through emissions reduction policies, it was found that emissions reduction for the on-road mobile sources would be the most effective in SMA.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.543-553
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• 2005

In recent days, photochemical smog due to the rapid industry development and vehicle increasement has become a critical pollutant in the metropolitan area and the number of ozone alarm signal has increased every year. This research was performed to evaluate VOCs emission source characteristics and concentration of VOCs in Daegu. The site average concentration was observed in the following order: industrial area > commercial area > residential area. Most of the VOCs species except toluene showed variations with higher concentration during nighttime, and lower concentration during the daytime. The major VOCs of stationary emission source were BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene. xylene) and methylene chloride, trichloroethene and styrene. Also, those of automobile exhaust were toluene and benzene. Also, the major VOCs concentration emited by the vehicle fuel was observed in the following order: gasoline > light oil > liquefied petroleum gas (L.P.G). Correlation coefficients values were estimated between major VOCs such as toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, o-xylene. Results showed that correlation coefficient values were significant magnitude above 0.76. Also, there showed highly significant correlations among ethyl benzene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene concentration(Pearson correlation coefficients, r=0.868-0.982). Calculated correlation coefficients among commercial area,industrial area and residential area were 0.934-0.981, they showed high correlation. There showed highly correlation between stationary emission source and industrial area, compared with commercial area and residential area. Also, calculated correlation coefficients among commercial area, industrial area, residential area and automobile exhaust were 0.732, 0.725, 0.777, respectively.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2023

Recently, preparations for 6G have led to the increasing interest in integrated or hybrid communication networks considering low-orbit satellite communication networks with terrestrial mobile communication networks. In addition, the demand for frequency allocation for new mobile services from low-orbit small satellites to provide global internet of things (IoT) services is increasing. The operation of such satellites and terrestrial mobile communication networks may inevitably cause interference in adjacent bands and the same band frequency between satellites and terrestrial systems. Focusing on the results of the recent ITU-R WP4C meeting, this study introduces the current status of frequency sharing and interference issues between satellites and terrestrial systems, and frequency allocation issues for new mobile satellite operations. Coexistence and compatibility studies with terrestrial IMT in L band and 2.6 GHz band, operated by Inmassat and India, respectively, and a new frequency allocation study (WRC-23 AI 1.18) are carried out to reflect satellite IoT demand. For the L band, technical requirements have been developed for emission from IMT devices at 1,492 MHz to 1,518 MHz to bands above 1,518 MHz. Related studies in the 2 GHz and 2.6 GHz bands are not discussed due to lack of contributions at the recent meeting. In particular, concerning the WRC-23 agenda 1.18 study on the new frequency allocation method of narrowband mobile satellite work in the Region 1 candidate band 2,010 MHz to 2,025 MHz, Region 2 candidate bands 1,695 MHz to 1,710 MHz, 3,300 MHz to 3,315 MHz, and 3,385 MHz to 3,400 MHz, ITU-R results show no new frequency allocation to narrow mobile satellite services. Given the expected various collaborations between satellites and the terrestrial component are in the future, interference issues between terrestrial IMT and mobile satellite services are similarly expected to continuously increase. Therefore, participation in related studies at ITU-R WP4C and active response to protect terrestrial IMT are necessary to protect domestic radio resources and secure additional frequencies reflecting satellite service use plans.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2003년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.115-118
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• 2003

본 고에서는 전력선 통신이 해상 통신 서비스에 주는 간섭에 대해서 기술하였다. 전력선 통신 뿐 만 아니라 통신선을 이용하는 ADSL이나 VDSL은 고속의 데이터 전송을 위해 광대역을 사용하는데 이때 발생되는 전파 방사가 해상 통신 둥 기존 무선 서비스에 간섭을 주게 된다. 본 고에서는 30MHz이하의 대역에서 사용되고 있는 해상 통신 서비스가 전력선 통신에 의해서 간섭을 받게 될 수 있는 가능성을 분석하고 이러한 간섭을 피하기 위한 보호 대책에 대해서 기술하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.439-442
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 비전 기반의 실시간 대기오염 모니터링 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 먼저 실시간으로 제공되는 동영상을 분석하여 차종 별 대수와 평균속도 등의 교통 파라미터를 실시간으로 추출하고, 이를 바탕으로 대기 중의 CO, NO2등의 밀도를 추정하여 시간대별 대기 오염도를 모니터링 한다. 이를 위해 제안된 시스템은 배경모델을 이용한 차량 추출, 차종 별 윤곽선 및 크기 정보를 이용하여 템플릿 기반으로 차종을 인식하고 이를 추적하여 대수 및 속도를 인식한다. 제안된 시스템의 평가를 위해 교통이 밀집된 공간에 설치하여 테스트하였고, 실제 결과와 비교한 결과, 차량 속도에서 정확도 83.3%, 차종인식에서 정확도 86.98%를 보였다. 이러한 실험 결과는 제안된 시스템이 다양한 지역에서 실시간 대기오염물질 배출량을 산정하는데 적용될 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6466-6474
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• 2015

본 연구를 통해 배출업소 지도 점검 수행, 이력내용 관리 및 활용 등의 전반적인 지도.점검 이행 과정과 배출정보를 관리하고 활용하는데 발생하는 문제점을 도출하고 개선방안을 제언하였다. 업무담당자가 이용하고 있는 배출업소 지도 점검 업무 시스템을 분석하고, 업무담당자 설문 및 면담조사 등을 통하여 업무 및 배출정보 관리 실태를 분석하였다. 시군구행정정보시스템을 구조적, 업무활용 관점에서 구분하여 분석한 결과, 인허가중심으로 설계되어 이용자들은 시스템을 통해 지도 점검 업무의 지원을 받지 못하는 실정이었다. 업무담당자 면담 및 설문조사 결과, 지도.점검 결과의 입력, 배출정보의 지속적 유지관리가 어려운 실정이었다. 이는, 현재 시스템이 제대로 활용되지 않아 발생하는 문제로 볼 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 토대로 국내에서 운영되는 유사시스템을 분석하여 시사점을 도출하고 개선방안을 제언하였다. 행정업무의 시스템화를 위한 간편한 업무처리화면 구축, 입력사항의 간소화, 지도.점검 및 배출정보 관련 업무 시스템의 연계, 배출정보 통계기능의 구축, 지리정보 기능 구축, 모바일 지도.점검 지원기능 등을 제언하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2008

Since mobile source is a major source of VOCs, quantifying emissions from motor vehicles is an important factor to control VOCs in atmosphere. In this study, in order to evaluate tailpipe VOCs emissions from motor vehicles, mass emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from 45 vehicles were determined. Measurements were made on a chassis dynamometer using CVS-75 mode and speed specific drive modes. Target VOCs are 53 compounds determined as the volatile ozone precursors. The individual VOCs composition of vehicle emission and emission rates were also determined. In case of gasoline vehicles, VOCs emission from over 80,000 km vehicles were about 46% larger than less 80,000 km vehicles. The difference in benzene and toluene according to driving mileage was 44% and 26% respectively. The composition of VOCs were different by fuel type. The order of VOCs composition was paraffins>aromatics>olefins in gasoline vehicle emissions, paraffins>olefins>aromatics in light duty diesel vehicle emissions. The VOCs emissions were decreased as vehicle speed increasing. These results will be used to calculate total VOCs emissions from automobiles in the future.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2017

In this study, the new particulate matter emissions considering condensable PM (CPM) of stationary pollutant sources were calculated to modify the CAPSS emissions based on only filterable PMs in Seoul and Incheon. When the new calculated emissions were compared to the existing filterable PM based emissions of local governments, different contribution patterns of emission sources were found. For example, the proportion of mobile sources was high when the filterable PM was considered; however, the contribution of non-industrial sources was dominant in Seoul when the emissions of CPM were considered. Also, the proportion of energy industrial combustion and manufacturing combustion sources was significant in Incheon when CPM emissions considered. Therefore, it seems to be much desirable to consider CPM emissions for determining adequate locations of collective energy facilities and manufacturing combustion facilities in the future. In addition, CPM should be considered to solve the dust problem nationwide. The emission analysis, diagnosis, prediction and countermeasures using CPM emissions should be appropriately performed.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2018

Emission characteristics of regulated pollutants (CO, NOx, HC and PM) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from diesel heavy duty trucks equipped with EGR+pDPF and SCR for Euro 5 emission standards were investigated using a chassis dynamometer. In the case of regulated pollutants, diesel heavy duty trucks with EGR+pDPF emitted 79% less CO than those with SCR. Also, those with the SCR emitted 36% less NOx than those with the EGR+pDPF. The results of VOCs have show that alkanes emissions for heavy duty trucks with the EGR+pDPF and the SCR have been higher than alkenes, cycloalkanes and aromatics. In the case of individual VOCs, the highest of propene emissions for 11.3~16.1% occupied. For aromatics group, benzene emissions are the highest percentage for 4.4~15.5%. In the future, the results of present study will provide basic data to set up HAPs emissions inventory for mobile source.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 1999

대기환경분야에 GSIS를 활용하기 위해서는 우선적으로 이러한 연속면적 성질을 지닌 대기오염이나 기후인 자를 비롯한 연속면(continuous surface)의 특성을 가진 환경인자의 공간분포를 도면화 할 수 있어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 몇몇의 한정된 지점에서 측정된 점관측(point observation)자료에 의존하여 전 지역의 분포를 추정해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 자동차에 의한 대기오염물질 발생현황을 실질적으로 파악하기 위한 조사ㆍ연구의 일환으로 서울시 전지역을 대상으로 실시한 서울시 교통센서스의 자동차 통행량 자료, 오염물질별 배출계수 및 GIS-T용 수치지도등의 자료들을 이용하여 오염물질 배출특성을 지역별, 항목별, 시간별로 가시화 할 수 있는 GSIS기법의 적용성을 검토하고자 하였다.