• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 2020

Although aquaculture production rates grown over the years, aquatic animal diseases occur every year which causes substantial economic losses. When an aquatic animal is infected with an aquatic animal pathogen it is either incinerated or buried according to the aquatic life disease control act. Although these methods prevent the spread of disease, it is not environment friendly. Here, we developed an aquatic animal rendering equipment for disposal of fish waste which is environment-friendly and efficient. Also, fertilizer components of fish waste were evaluated value for recycling. The mobile rendering equipment was designed for field operation and/or high temperature and pressure system, oil and water separator, and shredding drying apparatus. During the experiment (July-2016 to November-2016), a total of 53,824 kg fish waste was collected, and 29,216 kg compost of rendering by-product was made. Also, compost made from viral (Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus) infected fish did not reflect any detectable pathogen. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter in the fish waste compost were 2.17%, 26.98%, and 92.44%, respectively. The results suggest that fish waste used in this study was decomposed efficiently as per the official standard for fertilizer product. This equipment can be useful for efficient inactivation of the aquatic animal pathogenic agents and recycling of the fish waste in an environment-friendly manner.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2013

Ad-hoc network is composed of mobile nodes and has a vulnerability of attack like on conventional wire networks. So, many studies have been conducted to apply the traceback mechanism on wire network to Ad-hoc network. In this paper, a new mechanism that can trace back to IP source of spoofing DDoS packet using iTrace message on Ad-hoc network is proposed. The proposed mechanism implements ICMP Traceback message and the traceback path between agents allocated in local network and a server located in management network. Also the proposed mechanism can trace the position of attacker even after an attack is over and has extendability through standardization by using a mechanism that IETF proposed. Result of performance evaluation shows a great improvement in terms of load, integrity, safety, traceback function as compared with conventional mechanisms.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2012

Dipsaci Radix (Dipsacaceae) has been used as a tonic, an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-complement agents in traditional herbal medicine for the therapy of low back pain, knee pain, rheumatic arthritis, traumatic hematoma, and bone fractures. A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric method (HPLC-ESI-MS) was developed for the simultaneous quantitation method of the five compounds from the herbal drug: asperosaponin VI and asperosaponin XII (terpene glycosides), sweroside, loganin and dipsacus A(iridoid glycosides). HPLC separation of the analytes was achieved on a C18 column ($150{\times}2.0$ mm i.d., 5 ${\mu}m$) using the aqueous methanol containing 5 mM ammonium acetate with gradient flow of the mobile phase. Detection of the analytes was performed by positive ion electrospray ionization, and selected ion monitoring was used for data acquisition using m/z corresponding molecular adduct ion, $[M+NH_4]^+$ and $[M+H]^+$. Calibration graphs showed good linearity ($r^2$=0.9997) over the wide range of the analytes; intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD, %) were within 9.1% and the accuracy between 94.0-111.0%. Recoveries of the analytes through the assay procedure were in the range of 93.7-110.8%. Analytical results of the herbal drugs of Dipsaci Radix (17 samples) show wide distribution of the five marker compounds and clear difference of the species from Phlomidis Radix (4 samples). The developed method would provide a practical guide for the quality control of the herbal drug.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.712-717
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• 2011

Recently, diverse schedule management agents are being researched for the efficient schedule management of smart devices users, but they remain at a confirmatory level. In order to efficiently manage user's schedules, execution of planned schedules should be monitored to help users properly execute their schedules, or feedback must be given so that when setting up new schedules, users can plan their schedule according to their schedule establishment patterns. This research proposes a schedule management agent that infers the user's behaviors by using acquired user context, and provides schedule related feedback depending on the user's behavior patterns, when users are executing their schedules or planning new schedules. For this, collected user context information is preprocessed and user's behavior is inferred by Bayesian network. Also, in order to provide feedbacks necessary for confirming the user's schedule execution and new schedule establishment, a context tree pattern matching method for the user's schedule, location and time contexts was applied, then verified with 6 weeks of user simulation in a mobile environment.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.528-545
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• 2007

Recently ontology has been an attractive technology along with the business strategy of providing a plenty of more intelligent services. The essential problem in application domains using ontology is that all members, agents, and application programs in the domains must share the same ontology concepts. However, a variety of mobile devices, sensing devices, and network components manufactured by various companies, a variety of common carriers, and a variety of contents providers make multiple heterogeneous ontologies more likely to coexist. We can see many past researches fallen into resolving this semantic interoperability. Such methods can be broadly classified into by-mapping, by-merging, and by-translation. In this research, we focus on by-translation among them which uses a translation rule directly made between two heterogeneous ontology data like OntoMorph. However, the manual composition of the direct translation rule is not convenient by itself and if there are N ontologies, the direct method has the rule composition complexity of $O(N^2)$ in the worst case. Therefore, in this paper we introduce the cascade composition of translation rules based on web openness in order to improve the complexity. The research result made us recognize some important factors in an ontology translation system, that is speediness of translation, and conveniency of translation rule composition, and some experiments and comparing analysis with existing methods showed that our cascade method has more conveniency with insuring the speediness and the correctness.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.55-62
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• 1998

Soils contaminated with hydrocarbons and residual metals can be effectively treated by soil washing. In developing the soil washing process several major effects for separating contaminants from coarse soils progressively improved upon combinations of mining and chemical processing approaches. The pilot-scale soils washing process consists of the four major parts : 1) abrasive scouring, 2) scrubbing action using a washwater that is sometimes augmented by surfactants or other agents, 3) rinsing, and 4) regenerating the contaminated washwater. The plant was designed based upon the treatment capacity > 5 ton/hr on site. The lumpy contaminated soil fractions first experience deagglomeration and desliming passing through a rolling mill pipe. In the second unit the attrition scrubbing module equipped with paddles uses high-energy to remove contaminants from the soils. And a final rinsing system is assembled to separate the washwater containing the contaminants and very fine soils from the washed coarse soils. For recycling the contaminated washwater passes through a washwater clarifier specifically designed for flocculation, sedimentation and gravity separation of fine as well as flotation and separation of oils from the washwater. In order to more rapidly assess the applicability of soil washing at a potential site while minimizing the expense of mobilization and operation, a mobile-type soil washing process which is self-contained upon a trailer will be further developed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.363-369
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• 2002

가정 내에서의 초고속망 이용이 활성화되면서 가정 내에서의 활동은 매우 다양하고 복잡하며 그에 따른 서비스도 여러 가지 형태가 존재한다. 외부 인터넷망과 연동되는 홈 네트워크의 개념이 생기기 전부터 흠 오토메이션, 홈시큐리티 등의 서비스를 제공하기 위한 고립적인 형태의 망과 서비스 제공 시스템이 있었다. 월드 와이드 웹 서비스를 기본으로 한 인터넷의 폭발적인 활성화와 고속 인터넷망의 확산에 따라 가정 내에서 제공되는 서비스를 인터넷과 연계시키려는 시도가 보편화되었고 가정 내에서 사용되는 독립적인 기기들을 인터넷에 연결하여, 외부의 정보를 이용해서 활용하거나, 가전내의 기기들을 외부에서 액세스할 수 있게 되었다. 이렇게 하여 보다 풍부한 서비스를 제공하고, 사용상의 시간적인 제약을 완화할 수 있다. 예들 들어 인터넷상에서 조리법을 전송받아 전자레인지를 작동할 수 있으며, 외부에서 잘못 켜둔 가스밸브를 잠글 수도 있다. 가정 내에서 wrhd되던 이러한 서비스들은 서로 다른 하드웨어와 통신방법을 사용하고 있어, 이러한 서비스를 통합하여 운영, 관리할 수 있도록 하는 흠 서버의 개념이 대두되었다. 외부 인터넷 망과 연계된 흠 오토메이션, 홈 시큐리티등을 제공할 수 있는 기반이 마련되었고, 가정 내에서 독립적으로 제공되던 서비스들을 단일 홈 서버를 통해서 관리하려는 시도가 진행되었다. 그러나 홈 서버는 개발하는 업체의 보유기술에 따라 중심기능은 약간씩 차이를 보이고 있다. 홈 서버 응용 영역은 전문 지식을 소유한 인력과의 연계가 필요하고, 다양한 서비스 영역 행위가 아주 복잡하기 때문에 이들을 연결해 주는 자치 시스템을 필요로 한다. 또한 홈 서버 서비스 영역에서 정보는 각 영역 전문가가 가진 지식의 전달을 필요로 하기 때문에, 지식을 주고받는 멀티 에이전트의 시스템의 활용 영역으로 적당하다. 멀티 에이전트 시스템은 분산된 환경에서 에이전트간에 에이전트 통신 언어를 사용해서 대화를 하기도 하고, 상호 협력하는 에이전트들로 구성된 시스템을 뜻하며 흠 서버처럼 동적이고 고도의 자치성을 요구하는 영역에 적당하다. 멀티 에이전트 플랫폼으로는 FIPA(Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents)가 제시한 에이전트 표준 플랫폼이 1997년부터 2000년에 이르기까지, 계속적으로 변화, 발전하고 있다. 본 연구는 FIPA에서 제시하는 플랫폼을 기반으로 홈 서버에 정보가전을 제어하는 에이전트를 두고 외부에서 다른 에이전트가 홈 서버에 위치하는 에이전트와의 통신을 통하기 정보가전을 지능적으로 제어하도록 하였다. 정보가전 에이전트는 가정 내 가전제품을 외부에서 제어하기 위한 에이전트이다. 단순한 관리가 아닌 에이전트로 하여금 지능적으로 가전제품 관리를 하게 한다. 정보가전 에이전트는 홈 서버에서 작동하는 에이전트와 PDA에서 작동하는 에이전트로 구성된다. 정보가전 에이전트는 전력량, 수도 사용량 제어와 가전제품 제어 기능과 보안 관련 서비스를 제공한다. 두 에이전트는 FIPA에서 정의된 규격에 맞게 만들어지기 때문에 FIPA명세서를 따르는 다른 에이전트와 자유로운 통신이 가능하다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.12C
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• pp.1265-1275
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• 2002

In the network management system, there are two approaches; the centralized approach based on SNMP and the distributed approach based on mobile agent. Some information changes with time and the manager needs to monitor its value in real time. In such a case, the polling is generally used in SNMP because the manager can query agents periodically. However, the polling scheme needs both request and response messages for management information every time, which results in network traffic increase. In this paper, we suggest an adaptive network monitoring method to reduce the network traffic for SNMP-based network management. In the proposed strategy, each agent first decides its on monitoring period. Then, the manager collects them and approves each agent's period without modification or adjusts it based on the total traffic generated by monitoring messages. After receiving response message containing monitoring period from the manager, each agent sends management information periodically without the request of manager. To evaluate performance of the proposed method, we implemented it and compared the network traffic and monitoring quality of the proposed scheme with the general polling method.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.265-274
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• 2016

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic modules that are evolutionally conserved in bacteria and archaea. TA systems composed of an intracellular toxin and its antidote (antitoxin) are currently classified into five types. Commonly, activation of toxins under stress conditions inhibits diverse cellular processes and consequently induces cell death or reversible growth inhibition. These effects of toxins play various physiological roles in such as regulation of gene expression, growth control (stress response), programmed cell arrest, persister cells, programmed cell death, phage protection, stabilization of mobile genetic elements or postsegregational killing of plasmid-free cells. Accordingly, bacterial TA systems are commonly considered as stress-responsive genetic modules. However, molecule screening for activation of toxin in TA system is available as development of antimicrobial agents. In addition, cytotoxic effect induced by toxin is used as effective cloning method with antitoxic effect of antitoxin; consequently cells containing cloning vector inserted a target gene can survive and false-positive transformants are removed. Also, TA system is applicable to efficient single protein production in biotechnology industry because toxins that are site-specific ribonuclease inhibit protein synthesis except for target protein. Furthermore, some TA systems that induce apoptosis in eukaryotic cells such as cancer cells or virus-infected cells would have a wide range of applications in eukaryotes, and it will lead to new ways of treating human disease. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on bacterial TA systems and their applications.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.75-94
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• 2009

Since mechanical security systems are mostly composed of electronic, information and communication devices, they have effects in the aspects of overall social environment and crime-oriented environment. Also, the importance is increasing for wireless recognition of RFID and tracing function, which will be usefully utilized in controlling the incomings and outgoings of people/vehicles or allowance, surveillance and control. This is resulting from the increase in the care for the elderly according to the overall social environment, namely, the aging society, and the number of women entering, as well as the increase in the number of heinous crimes. The purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical considerations on ubiquitous sensor network and present a direction for securities companies for their development by focusing on the technological and application areas. To present strategies of response to a new environment for security companies, First, a diversification strategy is needed for security companies. The survival of only high level of security companies in accordance with the principle of liberal market competition will bring forth qualitative growth and competitiveness of security market. Second, active promotion by security companies is needed. It is no exaggeration to say that we are living in the modern society in the sea of advertisements and propaganda. The promotional activities that emphasize the areas of activity or importance of security need to be actively carried out using the mass media to change the aware of people regarding security companies, and they need to come up with a plan to simultaneously carry out the promotional activities that emphasize the public aspect of security by well utilizing the recent trend that the activities of security agents are being used as a topic in movies or TV dramas. Third, technically complementary establishment of ubiquitous sensor network and electronic tag is needed. Since they are used in mobile electronic tag services such as U-Home and U-Health Care, they are used throughout our lives by forming electronic tag environment within safe ubiquitous sensor network based on the existing privacy guideline for the support of mobile electronic tag terminal commercialization, reduction in communication and information usage costs, continuous technical development and strengthening of privacy protection, and the system of cooperation of academic-industrial-research needs to be established among the academic world and private research institutes for these parts.