• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2019

The utilization of incineration ash from municipal waste must be promoted to solve the social problem on the shortage of final disposal site. In this research, metals should be recovered to avoid the damage of the crushing machine during the utilization of incineration ash in cement industry. In fact, incineration bottom ash from municipal waste contains iron in 3-5%. Nonferrous metal and stainless steel in 1% is also included. The research and development on the physical recovery process was performed not only to remove the metals but also to recover high grade products. Metals were separated from incineration ash in Maruya Co. Ltd.. In fact, iron scrap recovered by magnetic separation can be selled. After that, mixed metal was separated from incineration ash using screen. In this research, mixed metal tried to divided copper, aluminum, brass and stainless steel using drum type magnetic separation, eddy current separation and high magnetic separation. As a result, recovered iron had an 80% for the grade. Aluminum was recovered by eddy current separation without copper and brass.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

본 연구는 음식물류 폐기물의 처리과정에서 발생하는 음식물류 폐수를 생활폐기물 소각시설에서 생활폐기물과 음식물류폐수를 혼합하여 소각처리 방법과 소각시 음식물류 폐수를 이용한 질소산화물 제거 및 배출가스의 영향등을 조사하였다. 해양투기용으로 발생된 음식물류폐기물 폐수는 성상이 94-96%의 함수율을 갖고 있다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 주입하였을 때 소각로 출구 온도는 $897^{\circ}C$이였으며, 평상시는 $925^{\circ}C$로 약 $28^{\circ}C$도 떨어졌다. 음식물류폐기물 폐수를 각각 $200{\ell}/hr$, $300{\ell}/hr$ 투입시 질소산화물의 평균배출농도는 각각 50ppm, 46ppm 이었다. 연관식 폐열보일러는 음식물류 폐수의 투입량이 많을수록 튜브 막힘 현상이 있었으며, 막힘 튜브는 압축공기를 이용한 튜브 청소로 원상태를 유지 할 수 있어 연속적 소각에는 방해가 되지 않았다. 유기성 폐기물인 음식물류 폐수의 자원화 처리방법과 더불어 기존 소각시설을 이용한 소각처리가 육상처리의 한 방법으로 자리매김 할 수 있으며, 소각시 배출가스의 질소산화물이 제거됨으로써 질소산화물 제거용 암모니아, 요소수 등 화학약품비용 절감하는 효과도 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.785-799
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• 1996

The incineration tests of mixed industrial wastes using the stoker type incinerator are carried out to investigate the partitioning characteristics of heavy metals during incineration. The results obtained from this study are as follow. The partitioning characteristics of heavy metals throughout this incinerator are found that, at given condition of $700^{\circ}C$, the elements with the relatively high boiling point such as Cr, Cu and Pb are partitioned into a bottom ash, a fry ash captured tv cyclone, and a flue gas stream, 67~88%, 2~19% and 6~16% of initial amount entering the incinerator, respectively, but the Cd and Hg of 75~81% is vaporized into the flue gas. It appears that the partitioning characteristics according to the particle size of ash is different between the bottom ash and the fly ash. For bottom ash, the fraction of partitioning into 75${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ oversized particles is reatively high. For fly ash, the characteristics of distributions with the particle size can not be clearly shown.

• 한국폐기물자원순환학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.762-769
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• 2018

This study was carried out to examine the improvement plan by analyzing the characteristics of imported wastes, operation rate, and benefits of energy recovery for incineration facilities with a treatment capacity greater than 50 ton/day. The incineration facility capacity increased by 3,280 tons over 15 years, and the actual incineration rate increased to 2,783 ton/day. The operation rate dropped to 76% in 2010 and then rose again to 81% in 2016. The actual calorific value compared to the design calorific value increased by 33.8% from 94.6% in 2002 to 128.4% in 2016. The recovery efficiency decreased by 29% over 16 years from 110.7% to 81.7% in 2002. Recovery and sales of thermal energy from the incinerator (capacity 200 ton/day) dominated the operation cost, and operating income was generated by energy sales (such as power generation and steam). The treatment capacity increased by 11% to 18% after the recalculation of the incineration capacity and has remained consistently above 90% in most facilities to date. In order to solve the problem of high calorific value waste, wastewater, leachate, and clean water should be mixed and incinerated, and heat recovery should be performed through a water-cooled grate and water cooling wall installation. Twenty-five of the 38 incineration facilities (about 70%) are due for a major repair. After the main repair of the facility, the operation rate is expected to increase and the operating cost is expected to decline due to energy recovery. Inspection and repair should be carried out in a timely manner to increase incineration and heat energy recovery efficiencies.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 하수슬러지와 사업장폐기물의 혼합소각을 위한 폐기물특성 및 운전특성을 살펴보고 향후 하수슬러지와 사업장폐기물의 혼합소각에 관한 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 본 사업장폐기물은 플라스틱류가 42.55% 로 종이류(11.92%) 보다 3배 이상의 조성을 나타내었다. 하수슬러지와 사업장폐기물을 부피비로 3 : 7로 혼합한 폐기물의 삼성분은 수분함량이 16.3%, 가연분과 회분 함량은 각각 70.5%와 13.2%을 나타내었으며, 습윤저위발열량도 4,513kcal/kg으로 함수율 15%인 하수슬러지와 사업장폐기물(플라스틱류 약 43% 및 종이류 약 12% 함유)의 3 : 7 혼합소각이 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 혼합폐기물을 $700^{\circ}C$로 소각할 경우 SOx와 NOx 농도는 최소화할 수 있었으 나 다이옥신 등 유해가스 발생면에서 볼 때 $950^{\circ}C$로 소각하는 것이 더 바람직할 것으로 사료되며, 이를 위해서는 $Ca(OH)_2$의 적정사용이 검토되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2014

쓰레기 소각재(소각재)를 콘크리트용 재료로 재활용하기 위하여 소각재의 품질특성에 대하여 분석하였으며, 소각재를 사용한 콘크리트의 유동특성 및 강도특성에 대하여 검토하였다. 소각재의 화학성분은 CaO 성분이 50%이상을 차지하고 있었으며, 소각재의 누적입도분포 50%의 평균입경은 $25{\mu}m$ 정도를 나타내었다. 소각재 IA1의 입자형상은 미세입자가 뭉쳐져 구형상을 나타내고 있으며, 소각재 IA2의 입자형상은 미세입자가 판상 형상으로 겹쳐져 있는 구조로 제조공정에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 소각재를 사용하므로써 콘크리트의 품질특성에도 크게 영향을 미쳤으며, 소각재 IA2를 사용한 경우 슬럼프가 증가하고 고성능감 수제 사용량이 감소하였으나, 압축강도 발현은 저하하였다. 소각재 IA2와 규조분말을 병용하여 혼합하므로써 목표슬럼프를 얻기 위한 고성능감수제의 사용량은 증가하였으나, 재령 28일 압축강도는 향상되는 효과가 있었다. 또한, 압축강도와 인장강도와의 비는 CEB-FIP 코드의 85%~105% 범위내에 있었다.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.573-580
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• 2003

In Taiwan there are 21 Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (MSWI) built to treat 80% of the MSW nationwide. Approximately 2,000 tons of incineration ashes of municipal waste contain reaction ash and fly ash (3:1 by weight)will be produced daily, and this may cause a serious waste problem. According to EPA regulations, reaction ash and fly ash produced after incineration should be properly treated. Landfill capacity barely meets the general demands. More efficient actions should be planned and taken. The study found 'reclamation' should be the optimal solution to this problem. Only limited research and previous successful experiences are available among other countries. An incinerator in Northern Taiwan is chosen for this study to make environmental bricks from the reaction ash and fly ash. From the previous tests, the results of strength test were measured. From the previous test results, the fly ash products have not reached the desired strength; hence, reaction ash is chosen for further pilot study. In the experiment, incineration ashes, cement and gravel are mixed in the ratio of 1:1:1(by weight), to ground concretization aggregate and pelletization aggregate, the concrete products made from the aggregates were of the strength of 108 $kgf/cm^2$ and 142 $kgf/cm^2$ individually. For the purpose of making nonstructural walls which met the State Building Standards. In the study, 50 tons of concrete products was yielded from aggregate and environmental bricks. Further observation and supervision are recommended to ascertain the resource recycling and reclamation. EPA has planned to build three 'Recycling Plants' in northern, middle and southern Taiwan to develop efficient techniques to produce concrete products, sub-base course, soundproofing wall, gravel, artificial fishing reefs, tiles, drainage, bricks and etc. This experiment of the demonstrative plant solves the problem of the incineration ashes and opens another opportunity to reclaim them.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.195-207
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• 2021

Background and objective: While response measures to particulate matters in rural areas are limited due to poor inventory record keeping in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to control agricultural waste vinyl and the emission of precursors released from open burning and the secondary generation of particulate matters. Currently, the open burning emission calculation method uses the definition prescribed in CAPSS by the National Institute of Environmental Research. Methods: This study presented an open burning emission calculation formula for agricultural waste vinyl, which is included as agricultural waste. As for activity data, the open burning ratio of agricultural waste vinyl, and the annual incineration volume provided in the Status Survey by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs were applied. The emission factor was generated through incineration tests on three agricultural plastic film samples collected by the Korea Environment Corporation. Results: Among precursors, SOx and NOx were selected and their emission features were monitored with incineration experiment infrastructure based on the EPA 5G method. The highest emission concentration by agricultural waste type was concentrated in the first and second quarters. As for emission factor of SO₂, it was calculated at 98.25 g/kg for mulching-use LDPE, 52.31 g/kg for greenhouse-use LDPE, and 14.40 g/kg for HDPE. As for NOx, it was calculated at 18.21 g/kg for mulching-use LDPE, 16.49 g/kg for greenhouse-use LDPE, and 10.67 g/kg for HDPE. Conclusion: This test confirmed the incineration features of PE-based plastics, ascertained the SOx emission factor that had not been included in open burning in the past, and established that low NOx emission concentration is interfered by soil mixed with livestock excretions. The findings from this study are expected to contribute to improving the system for controlling air pollutants in rural environments.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.117-127
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• 1993

When incineration method is utilized as a disposal process of sludge, the treatment generally consists of thickening, dewatering and incineration, implying that sludge dewaterability has a colose relationship with operating condition of a thickener. Dewatering factors should be, therefore investigated for achieving effective sludge treatment. No research on this has been performed in Korea. This study has focused on the evaluation on the effects of thickener operating variables on sludge dewatering, including sludge feed types and retention time. Mixing ratio of the first and the second sludge and operation time were varied in order to observe the change of dewaterability and optimum input of chemical conditioner.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2008

현재 전국 대형생활폐기물 소각시설은 음식물류폐기물 분리배출로 인하여 반입폐기물의 가연분 함량은 증가하고 수분 함량은 감소하는 성상의 변화를 보이고 있다. 이러한 폐기물 성상의 변화는 반입폐기물의 발열량을 증가시켜 소각시설의 수명 단축 및 가동률을 저하시키는 문제를 발생시키고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 인천광역시의 점증하는 생활폐기물에 대한 효율적인 소각시설운영방안을 제안하기 위한 연구로써 인천광역시 생활폐기물의 성상변화가 소각시설에 미치는 문제점과 음식물류폐기물 혼합소각에 의한 발열량 관리방안에 대하여 검토하였다. 그 결과 음식물류폐기물과 생활폐기물의 혼합소각은 폐기물의 발열량이 지속적으로 상승하고 있는 추세를 감안할 때 발열량의 저감 역할을 함으로써 소각시설의 적정운영과 동시에 음식물류폐기물의 처리비용을 절감 할 수 있는 경제적 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.