• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

Stiff competition and skyrocketing prices of raw materials are increasingly demanding the optimal design and operation of iron and steel mills minimizing trial and error. Computer simulation can provide the methodology in accordance with requirements. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a simulator for the design and operation of the steelmaking and continuous casting mill. The simulator was developed using Arena, popular simulation software and input and output interface based on MS Excel. It allows easy access for the maintenance and extension of the model. One of distinct features of the proposed simulator is the inclusion of complex transportation modules composed of transfer cars and overhead cranes. The simulator can be used for evaluating various alternative designs of a projected mill via throughput analysis and material flow analysis. Also, one can utilize it effectively to search for the best product mix suitable for many types of situations. It could be an invaluable tool evaluating the performance of operation patterns and improving the accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.613-623
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of addition levels of coffee and green tea by products extract including polyphenols through hot water extraction on rumen fermentation. The treatment groups consisted of coffee extract (CO), green tea extract (GR) and mixed extract (MIX), and the addition level was 10 µL, 20 µL and 30 µL of three levels. The experiment consisted of a total of 10 experimental groups including the control group, and a full factorial design was used. The effect of polyphenol addition in coffee and green tea by-products was analyzed through main and interaction effect of statistical analysis. The total polyphenol content of the extracts was 106.15, 79.10 and 185.25 ㎍ GAE/g DM for coffee by-product, green tea by-product and mixture, respectively. Total gas production was significantly lower in the treatment groups than in the control (114.00 mL/gDM) (p<0.05). Methane emission tended to decrease as the polyphenol addition level increased. Moreover, the MIX showed the lowest methane emission when 30 µL was added (p<0.05). Volatile fatty acids showed a significant difference compared to the treatment group as a control (98.06 mM) (p<0.05), but there was no change according to the level of polyphenols. As a result of the main effect and interaction, it is thought that the effect on methane reduction and improvement of rumen fermentation in MIX20 can be expected. In a series of studies, the addition of 20 µL of a blended extract of coffee and green tea by-products is thought to reduce methane to levels that do not inhibit rumen fermentation.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2007

In this paper, with water-LiCl-$CaCl_2-Zn(NO_3)_2$ mixture which utilizes solar energy at the evaporator heat source, a thermodynamic analysis was performed to provide design data for a double-effect absorption heating system. A comparative study of the water-LiCl-$CaCl_2-Zn(NO_3)_2$ mixture against the water-LiBr pair was conducted by a computer simulation. The computer simulation is based on mass, material and heat balance equations for each part of the system. Coefficients of performance and flow ratios for effects of different operating temperatures are investigated. It is found that the heating COP is higher for the water-LiCl-$CaCl_2-Zn(NO_3)_2$ mixture than for the water-LiBr pair, and FR is lower for the former.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.13-20
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• 2023

Purpose: This research explores the development of music business distribution channels to attract potential customers based on the current and prior literature. As a result, the research will provide solutions for practitioners in the music distribution channel how they create effective channel in new industry phase which has experienced significant changes due to technological advancement and consumer behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: To obtain textual data in the literature storage, the author conducted content analysis. Even though there are numerous textual resources, selecting only high-quality text data that is only peer-reviewed journal articles and books consistently indicate a high degree of reliability and validity to keep the advantage form content analysis approach. Results: The present study figured out that there are five strategies to attract potential consumers in the music distribution channel, such as (1) 'Marketing Mix', (2) 'Streaming Platforms and Online Music Stores', (3) 'Brick and Mortar Stores and Concerts, and Events', (4) 'Platforms Exclusives and Limited-Edition Merchandise', and 'Partnerships and collaborations. Conclusions: In sum, the practitioners need to consider include building relationships with the fans, studying and understanding their target market, utilizing multiple available distribution channels, embracing new technologies, and analyzing the effectiveness of the adopted distribution channels.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.511-529
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• 2023

This paper aims to better understand the bonding behavior in Reinforced Concrete beams strengthened with an Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (RCUHPFRC) layer on the compression side using experimental tests and numerical analyses. The UHPFRC mix design was obtained through an optimization procedure, and the characterization of the materials included compression and slant shear tests. Flexural tests were carried out in RC beams and RC-UHPFRC beams. The tests demonstrated a debonding of the UHPFRC layer. In addition, 3D finite element analyses were carried out in the Abaqus CAE program, in which the interface is modeled considering a zero-thickness cohesive-contact approach. The cohesive parameters are investigated, aiming to calibrate the numerical models, and a sensitivity analysis is performed to check the reliability of the assumed cohesive parameters and the mesh size. Finally, the experimental and numerical values are compared, showing a good approximation for both the RC beams and the RC strengthened beams.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2024

Purpose: This study systematically analyzed the impact of aromatherapy on pain in individuals with diabetes. Methods: A search was performed in seven electronic databases based on the PICO-SD (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Study Design) framework. The population (P) of interest was individuals with diabetes, and the intervention (I) included aromatherapy targeting pain reduction. The comparison (C) consisted of control groups that received no intervention, another intervention, or usual care. The outcome (O) measured was pain. The quality of the selected literature was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. In MIX 2.0 Pro, the pooled overall effect of pain was calculated using Hedge's g and a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was calculated using the Q statistic and Higgin's I2 values. Meta-regression and exclusion sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Five articles and seven studies were included, showing a significant pooled overall effect of aromatherapy on diabetes-related pain (Hedge's g = -1.83, 95% CI: -2.76 to -0.91). Meta-regression demonstrated that effectiveness in reducing pain was associated with studies conducted in West Asia, those with IRB approval, and those receiving funding. Additionally, interventions involving subjects under 60, lavender oil (vs. turpentine oil or blended oils), massage therapy (vs. topical application), fewer hours per session, and more repeated measurements (vs. pre/post measurements) were associated with pain reduction. Conclusion: Aromatherapy, especially with lavender oil, effectively manages diabetes-related pain. Short-duration massage application is also effective. A personalized selection of oil type and application method could optimize therapeutic outcomes for individuals with diabetes.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.390-408
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• 2018

The number of hand knitters has increased dramatically in the past few years. Recently, various hand knitted items have been seen in many fashion collections. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the design features of hand knitted items in the collections from Daniela Gregis. This brand was selected because it featured knitted items in its collections every season. An empirical analysis about form, material, color and knitting technique was done for hand knitted items from Daniela Gregis' collections from 2012 S/S to 2018 S/S. The results can be summarized as follows: In terms of form, garments such as pullovers, cardigans, and shawls used basic components, and accessories such as bags, mufflers, hats, and decorative pieces had various shapes. In the material, there were many items that expressed unique textures by combining various materials such as a mix of fabric and yarn. With regards to color, orange, yellow, and red were mainly used as accent colors, and combinations of two or more colors were prominent in the items. In terms of knitting technique, the methods used in the collections were mostly simple and basic. Among various techniques, plain knitting, garter knitting, and single crochet methods were mainly used. While this study is limited to the characteristics of hand knitted items from a single brand, therefore cannot be generalized for all knit fashion, the study provides basic data that could facilitate the revitalization of the hand knitting industry and expand the application range of hand knitting techniques.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2015

This research attempts to provide greater understandings about 'Transbranding' theory by an analysis of , a 3D animation produced by Disney Studio released in 2013 partly in comparison with . Furthermore, this research shows the branding strategy of "Disney", reputed for its well-devised marketing strategy, in the era of Transmedia. This research analyzes the animation with four components of 「Transmedia Mix strategy」 and the 「2F(Flexible Fit) strategy」. In the 「2F(Flexible Fit) strategy」 analysis, is compared with another Disney-made animation . not just maintains the core values of Disney animations but also implements diverse strategies for developing the evolving interactions, the collaborative creation, and the multi-experience. has achieved successful branding identity/image by securing the strategic flexibility by differentiating itself from the existing Disney animations. Disney also establishes itself as a new and modern brand through 2F strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.139-152
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• 2011

This research explores the idea of digilog for fashion; it would help to conclude the uncertain mixed-phenomena and words as a neologism and find a fundamental concept that would be a reference for a lot of uncertain new words that have been occurring even this year. Furthermore, this research is aimed at analyzing how digilog has been reflected on the contemporary fashion and directing the ways towards the future of fashion. The digilog fashion design is the expression of a combination of opposite extremes, that is to say the combination of a paradoxical mix and directly-opposed elements. The outward expression of fashion design with digilog can be classified into several ways. First of all, it tends to use the elements of paradoxical expression; for example, applying high-technology to express a primitive and natural material. The analog expresses unprocessed. Secondly, using high-tech machine to express the texture of handicraft or rough embroidery. Lastly, digital printing(DTP) is applied to enlarge the several or the whole parts of a natural object or sensitivity. As a result of the analysis, the inside view of the contemporary fashion with digilog delineate followings; it is the attitude that claims to go back to the past and accepts the combination of nature and high-technology to get calmness in the rapidly changing modern world. And it is the will to fly from the utterly exhausted reality through the recurrence of the past when there used to be a lot of energies and used to live in affluence.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.99-116
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• 2020

This study examines the characteristics of Paul Smith's fashion from the viewpoint of Habitus. To this end, on the theory of Bourdieu's Habitus concept and theory of the field, we derive the attributes of fashion and fashion designers and Habitus that appeared in fashion from the viewpoint of Habitus. Based on this, the tendency of Paul Smith's Habitus tendency has been examined and how it is expressed in fashion design and store production has been investigated. The scope of the study is from 1977 to the present, and it covers Paul Smith's menswear and stores. Research methods are literature research and visual data analysis. The results of the study are as follows. The characteristics of Habitus' tendency in Paul Smith are childlike imagination and humor, vigorous curiosity and observation, paranoid collection and memos, and British tradition and craftsmanship. Paul Smith's Habitus propensity reflects the following features in fashion design and store direction. First, a unique mix of wit or list structure, second, respect for uniqueness and discrimination with respect for the local image, and third, the new male image was presented to contribute to the diversification of consumers, and fourth, sensitivity and emotion reflecting his Habitus propensity. It is a friendly space for communication. As a result of analyzing and applying to Paul Smith, it was found that the special Habitus characteristics possessed by designers in fashion are important and impart a great influence.