• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 2000

Partial mitochondrial 16S rDNA and COI gene were amplified using PCR and sequenced for four species of oysters in Korea. Phylogenetic relationships among them were inferred from their aligned sequences by neighbor-joining method. The sequence comparison data of two mitochondrial genes showed that the genetic distinction between two oyster genera (Crassostreo and Ostrea) was obvious. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences and A+T percentage of two genes indicates that C. gigas and C. nippona strongly formed a sister group and then C. ariakensis was clustered with the clade although that based on amino acid sequences of COI gene by neighbor-joining method represented different phylogenetic tree.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.155-166
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• 2011

The leaf beetle, $Chrysolina$ $aurichalcea$ (Coleoptera: Chysomelidae), is a pest damaging plants of Compositae. In order to understand the genetic diversity and geographic variation we sequenced a portion of mitochondrial COI gene (658 bp) and complete nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the species collected from seven Korean localities. A total of 17 haplotypes (CACOI01~CACOI17), with the maximum sequence divergence of 3.04% (20 bp) were obtained from COI gene sequence, whereas 16 sequence types (ITS2CA01~ITS2CA16), with the maximum sequence divergence of 2.013% (9 bp) were obtained from ITS2, indicating substantially larger sequence divergence in COI gene sequence. Phylogenetically, the COI gene provided two haplotype groups with a high nodal support (${\geq}87%$), whereas ITS2 provided only one sequence type group with a high nodal support (${\geq}92%$). The result of COI gene sequence may suggest the presence of historical biogeographic barriers that bolstered genetic subdivision in the species. Different grouping pattern between COI gene and ITS2 sequences were interpreted in terms of recent dispersal, reflected in the ITS2 sequence. Finding of unique haplotypes and sequence types only from Beakryeng-Islet population was interpreted as an intact remnant of ancient polymorphism. As more samples are analyzed using further hyper-variable marker, further fruitful inference on the geographic contour of the species might be available.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.3 s.83
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• pp.318-327
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• 2007

This study presents the molecular phylogenetic analysis of Korean Aurelia aurita Linnaeus collected from Yeosu in the southern waters of Korea using nuclear ITS1 region and mitochondrial COI gene sequences. The use of oligonucleotide primers F5 (forward) and R5 (reverse) targeted to ITS1 and LCO1490 (forward) and HCO2198 (reverse) targeted to COI amplified 267 bp and 643 bp fragments, respectively. The shortest genetic distance towards the ITS1 region is estimated at 0.023 when comparing Korean A. aurita to Aurelia sp. collected from California, USA. In particular, Korean and American/Swedish A. aurita were located far away in terms of genetic distance, ranging from 0.393 to 0.395. On the other hand, the genetic distance between Korean and English/Turkish/Swedish/American A. aurita regarding the mitochondrial DNA COI gene ranged from 0.201 to 0.205. However, a sister-ship with Korean and American A. aurita showed an extremely high bootstrap value (100%). The predicted secondary RNA structure of the mitochondrial DNA COI gene showed many different folding structures with a similar energy between Korean and American A. aurita. These results suggest that ITS1 and the mitochondrial DNA COI gene could be used as genetic markers for identification of the biogeographic populations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.377-377
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• 2003

We investigated the biogeography of Asian Corbicula using mitochondrial gene sequence variation for Corbicula members sampled from 24 localities of 8 Asian regions. A total of 210 individuals were genetically characterized by examining sequence variations of a 614 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Phylogenetic analyses of the COI dataset revealed that Corbicula members are subdivided into two well-supported clades: estuarine and freshwater. (omitted)

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

The dung beetle, Copris tripartitus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is an endangered insect in South Korea. Previously, partial mitochondrial COI and CytB gene sequences have been used to infer genetic diversity and gene flow of this species in South Korea. In this study, we additionally collected C. tripartitus (n = 35) from one previous locality and two new localities, sequenced COI and CytB genes, and combined these with preexisting data for population genetic analysis. Sequence divergence of current samples showed slightly lower values [4.86% (32 bp) for COI and 4.16% (18 bp) for CytB] than that in the previous study. Nucleotide diversity (${\pi}$) ranged from 0.005336 (Gulupdo) to 0.020756 (Seogwi-dong) in COI and 0.009060 (Aewol-eup) to 0.017464 (Seogwi-dong) in CytB. Seogwi-dong samples that showed the highest ${\pi}$ in the previous study also showed the highest ${\pi}$ in this study for both gene sequences. The newly investigated Gulupdo samples had the lowest haplotype diversity for both gene sequences. They also had the lowest ${\pi}$ for COI and the second lowest ${\pi}$ for CytB. On the other hand, the newly added Haean-dong sample had relatively higher diversity estimates. Gene flow among populations was high, although significant difference was only detected between Gulupdo and Anmado or between Gulupdo and Seogwi-dong for COI sequences (P < 0.05). Considering the high genetic diversity and gene flow in C. tripartitus populations, one major issue regarding conservation seems not to be recovery of genetic diversity.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.311-315
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• 2015

Euryalid specimens were collected from Gonghyeonjin and Daejin, Gangwon-do in the East Sea, Korea at a depth of 250-300 m by fishing nets on November 2013 and August 2014. They were identified as Gorgonocephalus arcticus Leach, 1819 belonging to family Gorgonocephalidae of order Euryalida, which was new to the Korean fauna. Nucleotide sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mt-COI) gene, which was 569 bp in length, were compared among four Gorgonocephalus species, and were subsequently employed to reconstruct phylogenetic trees using the MP, ML, and BI methods. As a result, no sequence difference was found between the G. arcticus mt-COI gene sequences from Korea and Canada, and the two made a strong monophyletic group. With the newly recorded G. arcticus in Korea, in total, four Gorgonocephalus species have been reported in Korea.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2012

The pear psylla, $Cacopsylla$ $pyricola$ (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a serious insect pest of commercial pear crops. The species, which resides on pear trees throughout its life cycle, is rapidly spreading in some regions of the world. The population genetic structure of the species collected from several pear orchards in Korea was studied to understand the nature of dispersal and field ecology of the species. The 658-bp region of mitochondrial COI gene and the 716-bp long complete internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA were sequenced. Unlike other previously studied insect pests, the COI-based genetic diversity of the pear psylla was extremely low (maximum sequence divergence of 0.15%). This finding allowed us to conclude that the species may have been introduced in Korea relatively recently. ITS2 sequence-based analyses of phylogeny, population differentiation, gene flow, and hierarchical population structure all concordantly suggested that the pear psylla populations in Korea are neither genetically isolated nor hampered for gene flow. These genetic data are concordant with the dispersal of an overwintering winterform morph outside the non-pear habitat in the fall.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 2007

The phylogenie relationships existing among 14 parasitic Platyhelminthes in the Republic of Korea were investigated via the use of the partial 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) D1 region and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mCOI) DNA sequences. The nucleotide sequences were analyzed by length, G + C %, nucleotide differences and gaps in order to determine the analyzed phylogenie relationships. The phylogenie patterns of the 28S rDNA D1 and mCOI regions were closely related within the same class and order as analyzed by the PAUP 4.0 program, with the exception of a few species. These findings indicate that the 28S rDNA gene sequence is more highly conserved than are the mCOI gene sequences. The 28S rDNA gene may prove useful in studies of the systematics and population genetic structures of parasitic Platyhelminthes.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 2001

Two regions of mtDNA genome, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 165 ribosomal RNA (165 rRNA) genes, were sequenced for 15 species of the long-horned beetle belonging to four subfamilies and geographic samples of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari, from two localities in Korea. Ten samples of A. germari collected from Suwon and Busan revealed three COI haplotypes ranging in nucleotide divergence of 0.3% to 0.5%, and the two populations shared one common COI haplotype (80%). The sequence divergence among 15 species of the long-horned beetle was much higher in COI gene (12.3%∼39.4%) than 16S rRNA gene (7.2% to 23.1), and the maximum value in the COI gene is exceptional compared with other relevant studies, including that of Coleoptera. The greatly increased divergence in the COI gene, in facto was stemmed from a peculiar sequence of Prionus insularis belonging to Prioninne, divergence of which ranges from 31.2% to 39.3% from other species. We discussed possible reason of the divergence in this species. Due to the abnormality of COI gene divergence, decrease in phylogenetic signal was severe in COI nucleotide and, subsequently, the converted amino acid sequences, rendering us to put more confidence on the 16S5 rRNA gene data. Although the molecular phylogeny confidently supports the monophyletic origin of Lepturinae, the presence of discrepancy between molecular data and traditional taxonomic views also is a testable hyothesis. One such discrepancy includes taxonomic position of Sophronica obrioides and Theophilea cylindricollis belonging to Lamiinae.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.287-290
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• 2009

A natural hybrid between the striped spine loach Cobitis tetralineata and the king spine loach Iksookimia longicorpa was genetically identified by sequence analyses of nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) genes. Out of 850 base positions of RAG1, a total of 23 nucleotide substitutions were detected between the two parental species, whereas the electropherogram of the natural hybrid displayed double peaks at all of the 23 positions, which reflects their simple Mendelian inheritance pattern. Meanwhile, comparison of partial sequences of mitochondrial genes (COI in this study), which are well characterized by the maternal inheritance pattern, revealed that the maternal species of the hybrid was C. tetralineata because of their 100% sequence identity.