• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.267-275
• /
• 2017

Background: The mining industry is known worldwide for its highly risky and hazardous working environment. Technological advancement in ore extraction techniques for proliferation of production levels has caused further concern for safety in this industry. Research so far in the area of safety has revealed that the majority of incidents in hazardous industry take place because of human error, the control of which would enhance safety levels in working sites to a considerable extent. Methods: The present work focuses upon the analysis of human factors such as unsafe acts, preconditions for unsafe acts, unsafe leadership, and organizational influences. A modified human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) was adopted and an accident predictive fuzzy reasoning approach (FRA)-based system was developed to predict the likelihood of accidents for manganese mines in India, using analysis of factors such as age, experience of worker, shift of work, etc. Results: The outcome of the analysis indicated that skill-based errors are most critical and require immediate attention for mitigation. The FRA-based accident prediction system developed gives an outcome as an indicative risk score associated with the identified accident-prone situation, based upon which a suitable plan for mitigation can be developed. Conclusion: Unsafe acts of the worker are the most critical human factors identified to be controlled on priority basis. A significant association of factors (namely age, experience of the worker, and shift of work) with unsafe acts performed by the operator is identified based upon which the FRA-based accident prediction model is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2008

In this study, to establish a web-based bridge monitoring system with wireless sensor network environment, we constructed microminiaturized sensor based wireless communication techniques and micro processing, databases for data combination and administration, variable control programs and processors for transferring data by internet. Then those data are measured and analyzed by the constructed bridge monitoring system with wireless sensors. To evaluate the practicability of the bridge monitoring system with wireless sensor, we compared the values measured in the tests with wire sensor under same conditions. The results show that the trend of the data obtained from the monitoring systems with wire sensors and wireless sensors was very similar but the some lost data in the communication process with wireless sensor network environment. And through laboratory and field tests, the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed methods were verified.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.491-498
• /
• 2012

A Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) is an enabling technology for an aircraft's precision approach based on a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). However, GBAS is vulnerable to interference, so effective GNSS interference detection and mitigation methods need to be employed. In this paper, an intentional GNSS interference detection and characterization algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses Automatic Gain Control (AGC) gain and adaptive notch filter parameters to classify types of incoming interference and to characterize them. The AGC gain and adaptive lattice IIR notch filter parameter values in GNSS receivers are examined according to interference types and power levels. Based on those data, the interference detection and characterization algorithm is developed and Monte Carlo simulations are carried out for performance analysis of the proposed method. Here, the proposed algorithm is used to detect and characterize single-tone continuous wave interference, swept continuous wave interference, and band-limited white Gaussian noise. The algorithm can be used for GNSS interference monitoring in an excessive Radio Frequency Interference environment which causes loss of receiver tracking. This interference detection and characterization algorithm will be used to enhance the interference mitigation algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.115-127
• /
• 2009

Recently, Natural disasters are increasing the damage according to the influence of the abnormal climate and climate change. This study analyzed change characteristic of Design Rainfall according to the different data periods. First, 14 observatories were selected at Meteorological Administration. Second, frequency analysis carried out 5 cases by different data periods. At the results of the frequency analysis, the design rainfall could confirm the increase in most areas of Korea. Also, the change and trend analysis carried out for characteristic analysis by design rainfall and observed rainfall. The change and trend analysis of observed annual maximum rainfall did not appeared, but the change and trend analysis of design rainfall significantly appeared using statistic methods. The result of the change and trend analysis, design rainfall increased in most areas of Korea. Although, it could be the necessity for reestimating defense ability of flood, existing river systems, and new establishment of structure about the change characteristic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2009

In this study, quantitative homogeneity analysis was performed between rainfall observation data set of Chukwooki(CWK) and rainfall observation data set of modern rain gage(MRG) using statistical methods such as basic statistics, K-S test and Boxplots. To analyze the homogeneities of CWK and MRG four rainfall characteristic series such as monthly rainfall, the ratio of maximum daily rainfall to monthly rainfall, number of rainy days for each month, and the ratio of monthly rainfall to numbers of rainy days are made, and the homogeneity tests using two sample K-S test and quantitative comparisons were performed. The test results showed that observation precisions between CWK and MRG of original data set(M00) were differed because M00 clearly showed the statistical significances on differences of numbers of monthly rainy days of CWK and MRG. But, rainfall showed a little differences which were not significant between CWK and MRG.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.45-51
• /
• 2009

The paper presents the economic analysis of optimized-rehabilitation area method considered as one of the preventive maintenance methods in asphalt concrete pavement. The optimized-rehabilitation area was selected based on the analysis of traffic lane characteristics. The main concept of the selected method was to minimize the maintenance cost. The effective width of traffic lane in this method was 70 cm of each wheel path. According to the traffic survey conducted in this research, more than 95% of vehicles passed within the width of each wheel path. The new preventive optimized-rehabilitation area method showed less maintenance cost than the conventional overlay. In addition, traffic congestions and the user cost can be reduced. The research results revealed that the total maintenance cost was reduced by 35% by using the new method compare to the conventional one.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2009

Financial supports of private facilities which were damaged by natural disaster are currently performed partially by a government and the guideline of corresponding recovery costs be the natural disaster prevention law in South Korea. However, current financial recovery guidelines for the damaged private facilities has not been estimated objectively so far. This research presents advanced recovery cost search and assesment methods for the damaged private facilities under natural disaster. To produce more accurate data, an investigation for practical field markets which are appointed in Kangwon area is conducted and the proposed recovery values per each item are compared to exact field market values. Finally. more realistic and accurate recovery cost guideline including evaluation and more effective market surveying method are suggested here. A theoretical and practical program for systematic recovery cost calculation is proposed and expected to be used at public institution before long.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.2 no.2 s.5
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2002

This paper presents the pull-out failure mode on Headed Bars and prediction of tensile capacity, as governed by concrete cone failure. 17 different plate types, three different concrete strengths and three different welding types of specimens were simulated. Test variables are the reinforcing bar diameters connected to headed plate (e.g., 16mm, 19mm and 22mm), the head plate shapes (e.g., circular, square, rectangular), the dimensions of head plates (e.g., area and thickness), the types of welding scheme for connection of reinforcing bars and head plates (e.g., general welding and friction welding). Headed Bars were manufactured in different areas, which shape and thickness are based on ASTM 970-98. Calculation of Embedment length in concrete is based on CSA 23.3-94, and static tensile load was applied. Pullout capacities tested were compared to the values determined using current design methods such as ACI-349 and CCD method. If compare experiment results and existings, Headed bar expressed high strength and bigger breakdown radious than standard by wide plate area and anomaly reinforcing rod unlike anchor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.2 no.3 s.6
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2002

An analysis to allocate storage space for sediment accumulation during the economic life of the reservoir is required in the planning or design of a reservoir. This analysis has been the most difficult and tedious aspect to deal with reservoir sedimentation because of the interaction between the various parameters related to the hydraulics of flow, reservoir operating policy, inflowing sediment load. The approach to analyzing spatial distribution of deposits has relied on empirical methods, all of which required a great deal of simplification from the actual physical phenomena. For the purpose of this study, reservoir sedimentation rate computed by Empirical Area Reduction Method is compared with measuring rate along the Soyang-gang Dam. As a conclusion, reservoir sedimentation rate can be estimated exactly by Empirical Area Reduction Method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2007

After installing calibrated depth scale at 11 different points inside the nine streams network for estimating time of concentration of stream in Young-Heung island near coastal region of Incheon we estimated the flow against actual rainfall events. By considering time of concentration formula which here mainly used for estimating the time of concentration from practical experiments, compared were three methods of inflow time and accepted to method of used the chart. The maximum flow occurrence time was estimated by an outflow model and observed maximum flow occurrence time were determined by to a comparative analysis. Kirpich formula was selected as the proper formula for calculating the concentration time inside the island streams. Kirpich formula could be applicable for the expanded range while catchment area of $0.453km^2$ and channel bed slope of $3{\sim}5%$ to catchment area of $2.0km^2$ and channel bed slope of about 1.5%.