• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-67
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• 2002

There are some critiques of Hungerford's "responsible environmental behavior" for misinterpreting or misunderstanding the term of "behavior". Most critics such as Wals and van der Leij, Jae-Young Lee misunderstood that Hungeford and his colleagues' approach to environmental education is a sort of behaviorism which is not correct. The writer corrected them by showing the successful story of the IEEIA program from the teachers, the children, and the community members digging by the foot. The IEEIA program represents his philosophy of education which can be characterized a non-behaviorist by Wals and van der Leij, if we attempt to classify all educators as behaviorist and non-behaviorist. And the writer also criticized the critiques with the well known "professional environmental educators" in the North America who have known Hungerford's ideas in environmental education well such as Roth, McClaren, Ramsey and Hungeford himself. Ramsey and Hungeford himself.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.323-325
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• 2014

SNOMED CT is a standard clinical terminology which is to efficiently record, manage and utilize clinical records during clinical processes. However, huge expressive power of SNOMED CT makes it difficult to select appropriate terms during short consultation hours. In addition, true meaning of a written record using the terminology may be misunderstood or even distorted since one clinical meaning could be expressed in a variety of ways. This paper analyzes such known problems in a database point of view, and presents effective selection methods of similar terminologies to mitigate the problem.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.183-193
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• 2021

Since its discovery in 1780, lactate has long been misunderstood as a waste by-product of anaerobic glycolysis with multiple deleterious effects. Owing to the lactate shuttle concept introduced in the early 1980s, a paradigm shift began to occur. Increasing evidence indicates that lactate is a coordinator of whole-body metabolism. Lactate is not only a readily accessible fuel that is shuttled throughout the body but also a metabolic buffer that bridges glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation between cells and intracellular compartments. Lactate also acts as a multifunctional signaling molecule through receptors expressed in various cells and tissues, resulting in diverse biological consequences including decreased lipolysis, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, wound healing, and enhanced exercise performance in association with the gut microbiome. Furthermore, lactate contributes to epigenetic gene regulation by lactylating lysine residues of histones, accounting for its key role in immune modulation and maintenance of homeostasis.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.22
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• pp.29-49
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• 2011

This study is focused on looking into the essence and application in the modem history of 'Martial Art Culture' that is a representative cultural code in the East Asia. Doubting and reconstructing the paradigm of the past and present, Postmodernism in the 21st century has defined marital arts as a new cultural phenomenon. This study begins by doubting whether the essence of martial arts was a cultural conduct to train both bodies and spirits. Practically used as a fighting skill since the primitive age, martial arts has fallen into sports or cultural behaviors due to the invention of the state-of-the-art modern weapons. However modern people misunderstand that martial arts of East Asia is originated a kind of cultural behaviors. It implies there is a fundamental mistake in the wat Western civilization evaluates the orientalism. This study analyzes this mistake through access method based on realities of modern history. This trial will contribute to expanding the thinking range, inquiring into varied cultural phenomena including martial arts which are misunderstood in modern history.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.341-344
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• 2021

Metaverse is a field that is growing explosively along with the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it can be seen from several cases that the existing concept of Mebatus is not misunderstood or that a new one has not appeared. It is hoped that an approach similar to this article will be helpful in the metavassus era to be developed in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.759-766
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine 10 Belizean teachers' conceptions about the causes of seasonal change. This research was conducted with an integrated method using a open ended written test and an interview which included a drawing. There are four categories, explained by the teachers, as the causes of seasonal changes. They are; climate, rotation of the earth on its axis, revolution of the earth around the sun, and the tilting of earth's axis as it revolves. Most teachers misunderstood that the first of three categories was responsible for seasonal change. Second, it is more effective to use the integrated method shown in this research than to use only a written test when seriously investigating the causes and understanding of seasonal change. Third, 8 out of 10 teachers could not correctly explain the causes of seasonal change. The reasons for seasonal change seemed to be hard for the informants to understand even though it was taught in elementary, middle, high school, and college elective classes.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.1 s.23
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• pp.31-46
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• 1988

In order to designate a present status necessary for establishment of preventive measures and guidelines of health education against hepatitis B in the course of secondary school education, knowledge and practice toward hepatitis B virus infection was surveyed by a questionnare method on total of 4,855 college entrants in the academic year of 1987 and analyzed the data collected using IBM PC(Trigem 88-II) with SAS package program. About two per cent of college entrants had past history of HBV infections not showing any difference between both sexes and geographical regions. About one third(33.7%) of total students had tested hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), only 4% had tested hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb) and vaccination rate amounted to 24.6%, one fourth of total subjects. Both serological tests and vaccination were most commonly performed during adolescence, showing higher rates in female students than in male students. The rates also seemed to be higher in those from urban cities than those from rural cities. Students who had acquired correct knowledge that hepatitis B was infected by virus were amounted to 78.5% of college entrants, and remaining 21.5% had misunderstood that rickettsia, bacteria, fungi or parasites were causal agents. Female students were better aware of the causal agents than male students but there was no difference between places of growth. As for mode of transmission of HBV, 51.5% of male students and 47.7% of female students had correct knowledge. A very few student had known that fact that HBV was transmitted by body fluids such as tear(6.9%), nasal discharge(10.1%) and semen or vaginal secretion(19.2%) and majority(75%) of students had misunderstood that hepatitis B virus would be transmitted per os through food ingestion. Approximately one half(48.9%) of college entrants had knew correctly whom to be vaccinated. Approximately one half of the students knew that hepatr;ma(57.8%) and liver cirrhosis(57.4%) might complicate with hepatitis B virus infection, whereas 12.0% of the students responded that bronchitis was one of the complications of hepatitis B infection. In summary of the above results, we highly recommend that health education program for eradication of hepatitis B virus infection should be introduced in curricula of secondary school education in this country.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.113-139
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide informations about cause of failures when students solve word problems by analyzing what errors students made in solving word problems and types of error and features of error according to problem solving strategy. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, $5^{th}$ grade students preferred the expressions, estimate and verify, finding rules in order when solving word problems. But the majority of students couldn't use simplifying. Second, the types of error encountered according to the problem solving strategy on problem based learning are as follows; In the case of 'expression', the most common error when using expression was the error of question understanding. The second most common was the error of concept principle, followed by the error of solving procedure. In 'estimate and verify' strategy, there was a low proportion of errors and students understood estimate and verify well. When students use 'drawing diagram', they made errors because they misunderstood the problems, made mistakes in calculations and in transforming key-words of data into expressions. In 'making table' strategy, there were a lot of errors in question understanding because students misunderstood the relationship between information. Finally, we suggest that problem solving ability can be developed through an analysis of error types according to the problem strategy and a correct teaching about these error types.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 1999

Nowdays many people using and learning 3D Software. However, like artists drawing by brush, that most of designers misunderstood that 3D Software is cover everything as a tool. This sort of situation, change of 3D Software will come to the front very seriously. It can be result about lack of understanding 3D in general and some kind of illusion about 3D Software. These were changing like training school that was teaching only function for technique. Therefore, to prevent above things, this research paper will be based on a conception, that compare with 3D which called cyber space and the real world. That is explanation of construction about 3D Software generally, that will basis how does people think about the world. It function of 3D Software will take concrete shape gradually, which is after general description and understanding and the users will be quick to understand, no need to difficult of access for beginners. In addition, higher education ay university is no longer training center. Lastly, it will be able to capability as an essentially figure. Nowdays many people using and learning 3D Software. However, like artists drawing by brush, that most of designers misunderstood that 3D Software is cover everything as a tool. This sort of situation, change of 3D Software will come to the front very seriously. It can be result about lack of understanding 3D in general and some kind of illusion about 3D Software. These were changing like training school that was teaching only function for technique. Therefore, to prevent above things, this research paper will be based on a conception, that compare with 3D which called cyber space and the real world. That is explanation of construction about 3D Software generally, that will basis how does people think about the world. If function of 3D Software will take concrete shape gradually, which if after general description and understanding and the users will be quick to understand, no need to difficult of access for beginners. In addition, higher education ay university is no longer training center. Lastly, it will be able to capability as an essentially figure.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.57-76
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• 1997

The maun purpose of this study os review and analyze the differences, among clothing terms, between the biblical definitions of the underwear terms and those used by the public in day-to-day life. According, the biblical definitions of the underwear terms which are widely used by the various literature are summarized. Also, the degree of recognition of the underwear terms by the public is studied by analyzing the results of the questionnaires which are distributed to 217 female college students, as the objects of data, who reside in Seoul metropolitan areas. As a result of this study, we find the following conclusions : First, there are considerable differences in definitions of the underwear terms between those used by the various literature and those used by the public. The personal definitions of the underwear terms, or alternatively those used by the public, are very reduced and limited and even misunderstood in some cases. Second, the definitions of the underwear terms which are actually used by the public are recognized mostly by the wearing goals, the wearing spaces, the wearing times, the wearers, the forms and the materials and, among others, the wearing goals are the most dominating factor for the recognition of the underwear terms. Finally, the comparison among the similar underwears reveals that underwears are recognized by the wearing goals, the wearing spaces, the wearers, the forms and the materials. But, the objects of data recognize the underwear terms in very limited and simple fashion instead of having definite recognition of the differences among similar items.