• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2017

401종의 식물에서 얻은 메탄올 추출물 662개를 식물 병원성 곰팡이[딸기잿빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis sp.), 고추탄저병균(Colletotrichum sp.), 작약점무늬병균(Alternaria sp.) 및 작약검은뿌리썩음병균(Cylindrocarpon sp.)]에 대한 분생포자의 발아억제 활성을 microdilution assay로 측정하였다. 검정에 사용한 추출물 중에서 36종의 추출물이 1종 이상의 곰팡이에 대하여 억제활성을 보였다. 짚신나물, 고본, 족도리풀, 일천궁, 백선 및 목향의 뿌리, 능소화의 잎가지, 감초의 지상부, 뽕나무의 가지 추출물은 식물의 지상부 조직에서 발병하는 균(Botrytis sp., Colletotrichum sp. 그리고 Alternaria sp.)과 뿌리에 발병하는 균(Cylindrocarpon sp.)의 포자발아를 모두 억제하는 항균활성을 보여 주어 이들 추출물의 항균범위가 넓은 것으로 나타났다. 각각의 곰팡이 대한 추출물의 억제활성을 보면, 뽕나무의 가지와 고삼의 뿌리 추출물은 1,250 mg/L에서 딸기잿빛곰팡이병균의 포자발아를 완전히 억제하였다. 고추탄저병균의 포자발아억제에 가장 강한 추출물은 홀아비꽃대의 뿌리였으며, $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 완전히 억제하였다. 작약점무늬병균에 가장 강한 억제활성을 나타낸 추출물은 감초의 지상부였으며, $625{\mu}g/ml$에서 포자의 발아를 100% 억제하였고, 새모래덩굴의 뿌리와 뽕나무 가지 추출물은 $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 억제하였다. 작약검은뿌리썩음병균에 가장 강한 억제활성을 나타낸 추출물은 감초의 지상부와 목향의 뿌리였으며, $1,250{\mu}g/ml$에서 포자발아를 억제하였다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.355-364
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 우리나라에 자생하는 약용 버섯인 마른진흙버섯의 자실체를 80%의 메탄올과 열수를 이용해 추출한 물질의 항산화와 항균 효과에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 마른진흙버섯 자실체의 메탄올 추출물은 2.0 mg/mL 농도에서 DPPH 라디칼 소거능(93.65%)이 양성대조군인 BHT (96.97%)에 비해 낮았으나 상대적인 효과는 높았다. 철이온 소거능 실험에서 추출물의 모든 농도(0.125~2.0 mg/mL) 범위에서 철이온 소거능 항산화 효과가 BHT에 비해 월등하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 6종의 세균 S. aureus, S. mutans, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, V. vulnificus와 1종의 곰팡이 C. albicans를 대상으로 200 mg/mL의 농도에서 메탄올 추출물을 이용해 agar well diffusion법으로 항균효과를 측정한 결과, V. vulnificus와 C. albicans를 제외한 5종의 세균에서 inhibition zone을 보여 메탄올 추출물은 여러 종류의 그람 양성세균과 그람 음성세균에 항균효과를 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 메탄올 추출물에 inhibition zone을 나타낸 S. aureus, S. mutans, B. subts, E. coli, P. aeruginosa 등 5종의 세균을 대상으로 최소저해농도 (MIC)를 측정한 결과 각각 100, 100, 50, 100, 200 mg/mL의 MIC를 나타내었다. 따라서 마른진흙버섯 자실체의 메탄올 추출물은 항산화 및 항균 효과가 높아서 이들 추출물은 천연 항산화제와 항균제로 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2002

50가지 생약재를 95% 에탄올과 물추출하여 식중독 세균인 S. aureus와 E. coli O157:H7에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 한천배지확산법에 따른 생육저해효과를 측한 결과, S. aureus 에 대하여 우슬>목단피>지실>황백, 건강, 민들레 순으로, E. coli O157:H7에 대하여 목단피＞우슬>건강>지실, 황백 순으로 활성을 나타내었다. MIC는 S. aureus에 대하여 우슬이 156.25 $\mu$g/mL, 목단피와 황백이 625 $\mu$g/mL로 나타났으며, E. coli O157:H7에 대하여 우슬과 목단피의 MIC는 각각 625, 312.5 $\mu$g/mL로 높은 항균력을 나타내었다. 가장 높은 활성을 보인 우슬과 목단피를 용매분획(hexane, CHC1$_3$, ethyl acetate, butanol)하여 한천배지 확산법에 의한 두 균에 대한 생장저해 효과를 측정하였다. 우슬은 ethyl acetate 분획물에서, 목단피는 CHC1$_3$과 ethyl acetate 분획물에서 각각 높은 활성을 나타내었다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Saussurea lappa for the applications of herb-based extracts to both cosmetic and medicinal industries. Methods : Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Saussutes lappa (ESL) was assessed using agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, and determined by whether clear zone was formed around paper disc and in terms of the size (mm) of clear zone, Results : ESL provided activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1927 in concentration of 1 mg/ml with an clear zone of 16 mm, and showed an activity against Staphylococcus epidermids KCTC 1917 in concentration of 1 mg/ml with an clear zone of 18mm. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ESL against S. sureus and S. epidermidls were 1 mg/ml for both bacterial species. However, ESL showed no growth inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCTC 12513, Enterobactet aerogenes KCTC 2190, Escherichia coli KCTC 2571, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 1925 and Propionibacterium acnes KCCM 41747. Conclusions : Antibacterial activity of ESL against Staphylococcus sureus and Staphylococcus epidermids causing eye and skin diseases was proved. The result suggest that ESL may be useful as a natural preservative on behalf of synthetic preservatives.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2017

A phytochemical study of Alphonsea cylindrica King (unreported) has led to the isolation of six alkaloids. The compounds were identified as kinabaline (1; azafluorenone alkaloid), muniranine (2), O-methylmoschatoline (3; oxoaporphine alkaloid), lysicamine (4), atherospermidine (5) and N-methylouregidione (6; 4, 5-dioxoaporphine alkaloid). The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on the spectroscopic techniques and by comparison with data reported in the literature. Alkaloid 2 was isolated as a new derivative of azafluorenone while alkaloids 1, 3 - 6 were isolated for the first time from Alphonsea species. In addition, alkaloid 3 and 4 showed inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus in disc diffusion test. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of lysicamine (4) against S. aureus, B. cereus and P. aeruginosa were found to be smaller than O-methylmoschatoline (3). Therefore, the reported antibacterial activity showed the potential of this plant as natural antibacterial agent and supported the documented traditional use of Alphonsea sp. in the treatment of diarrhea and fever.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.552-560
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• 2021

This study investigated anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of Sedum takesimense ethanolic extract, and 3 isolated compounds. To confirm anti-inflammatory and anti-acne activities, a nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay, pro-inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8) inhibition assays, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were performed. The 3 isolated compounds were identified as 4,6-di-O-galloylarbutin (OGA), 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-glucose (OGG), and 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose (TOGG). The ethanolic extract and isolated compounds (OGA, OGG, TOGG) effectively inhibited production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8). Furthermore, OGG and TOGG exhibited MIC values toward Cutibacterium acnes of 12.5 ㎍/mL and 3.2 ㎍/mL, respectively. These results suggest that S. takesimense extract exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and an antibacterial efficacy against C. acnes.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.174-179
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• 1997

오배자 등 민간생약제와 포도과피 추출물의 항균활성과 GTase 활성저해능에 대하여 조사하였다. 항균활성과 GTase 저해 활성능은 오배자와 적포도 과피의 물추출물이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 오배자와 적포도 과피 추출물의 methanol 분획물은 B. subtilis와 E. coli 균주에 대해서 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 오배자 추출물의 methanol 분획물은 B. subtilis와 E. coli에 대한 최소 저해 농도가 각각 1.0mg/ml과 3.0mg/ml이었고, 포도과피 추출물 추출물의 methanol 분획물의 GTase활성의 80% 저해율에 대한 농도는 각각 1.08$\times$10-3mg/ml과 1.08$\times$10-2mg/ml이었다. 두 추출물의 항균활성과 GTase활성 저해의 주요 화합물은 polyphenol 화합물 계통으로 추정된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2016

Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella thyphimurium and S. Montevideo isolated from the intestines of dead broiler chickens in Korea were tested for antibacterial effects to purifed bee venom. Purified bee venom from Apis mellifera L. has been used as natural antimicrobial compounds in pigs, cows, dairy cattle and chicken farms in Korea. To investigate antibacterial effect of purified bee venom was evaluated by agar well diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentraion (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and postantibiotic effect (PAE). Purified bee venom exhibited significant inhibition of bacterial growth of C. perfringens, S. thyphimurium and S. Montevideo with MIC value of 0.85, 0.68 and $0.69{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The MBC value of purified bee venom against C. perfringens, S. thyphimurium and S. Montevideo were 3.33, 2.66 and $2.86{\mu}g/mL$. Furthermore, the results of PAE values against C. perfringens, S. thyphimurium and S. Montevideo showed the bacterial effect with 3.5, 4.0 and 3.5 hr. Stability of pufifed bee venom at acidity from pH 1 to pH 8 for 24 hr was the antibacterial activity for C. perfringens, S. thyphimurium and S. Montevideo and melittin contents. Also purified bee venom processed through the heating for 15 min, there was no signification loss of the antibacterial activity and melittin at below $100^{\circ}C$. These results obtained in this study suggest that purified bee venom might be utilized as a feed additive in poultry diets.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2017

Purpose: Essential oils are secondary metabolites of herbs and have antibacterial activities against foodborne pathogens. However, their applications for food protection are limited due to the hydrophobic and volatile natures of essential oils. Methods: In this study, essential oil nanoemulsions of rosemary and lavender were formulated with non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and water using ultrasonic emulsification, and their antibacterial effects were determined. Results: The antibacterial activities of nanoemulsions were evaluated against 12 strains of 10 bacterial species, and significant antibacterial effects were observed against four Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria but not against Streptococcus mutans and Shigella sonnei. In the disc diffusion test, the diameter of the inhibition zone proportionally increased with the concentration of nanoemulsions. Using cell turbidity measurement, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the nanoemulsions, which is the lowest concentration reducing viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by ${\geq}99.9%$, was significantly higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanoemulsions. The largest bactericidal effects of lavender and rosemary essential oil nanoemulsions were observed against S. enterica and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusion: Nanoemulsion technique could improve antibacterial activity of essential oil nanoemulsions by increasing the solubility and stability of essential oils. Our findings shed light on the potential use of essential oil nanoemulsions as an alternative to chemical sanitizers in food protection.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2000

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxicity of the methanol extract from Sophora flavescens Ait. against L1210 (lymphocytic leukemia) and $P388D_1$ (lymphoid neoplasma) Cells in vitro. We have determined cytotoxicity by the MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H- tetrazolium bromide) assay. The order of cytotoxicity of Sophora flavescens Ait. extracts against L1210 and $P388D_1$ cells in vitro is as follows: Fr. 4 > Fr. 3 > Fr. 5 > Fr. 2 > Fr. 1. These results suggest that the fraction 4 of the methanol extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. may be a valuable choice for the development of antitumor agents. In order to develop an antimicrobial agent, dried Sophora flavescens Ait. was extracted with hot methanol, and then antimicrobial activity (MIC test) was investigated. In this study, the fraction 3 of the methanol extracts from the roots of S. flavescens showed strong growth inhibition activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (MIC, $3.125\;{\mu}g/ml$) such as S. mutans, S. epidermidis and P. putida. These results indicate that fractions 3 and 4 inhibit tumor cells and bacteria.