• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2001

오미자 에탄올 추출물의 항미생물 활성을 측정하기 위하여 세균, 효모, 곰팡이가 포함되는 12종류의 미생물에 대한 항미생물 활성을 측정하였다. 추출물은 세균의 생육을 억제하지만 효모와 곰팡이의 생육은 억제하지 못하였다. B. subtilis와 S. aureus에 대한 최소치사농도는 1.6~3.2 mg/mL이었으며, E. coli를 비롯한 gram음성 세균의 최소치사농도는 6.3~12.5 mg/mL이였다. B. subtilis와 S. aureus의 생육은 각 각 900 ppm과 300 ppm에서 억제되었으며 gram음성 세균의 생육은 2,000 ppm 첨가시 4시간 정도 생육이 억제되었다. 오미자 추출물의 항균활성은 열처리에 안정하였으며 부위에 따른 추출물의 항균활성은 오미자 과육의 추출물이 주로 항균력을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2011

Antimicrobial activity and bactericidal activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts were investigated against five food-borne pathogens, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes. Methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. revealed antimicrobial activities against five pathogens. In particular, by paper disc diffusion the highest activity was shown against L. monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts showed the most potent activities, but hexane fraction had no activity. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol turned out to have higher antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) bacteria than Gram(-) bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration against five food-borne pathogens was 1.563 mg/ml on Gram(+) bacteria and 3.125 mg/ml on Gram(-) bacteria. The result of antimicrobial activity in a shaking flask method showed that bacterial growth rate fell by more than 99.999% at 3.125 mg/ml of methanol extract. The highest rate of viable reduction (99.998%) was shown at 0.781 mg/ml of methanol extract against L. monocytogenes. After five minutes of reaction between test strains and methanol extracts, the growth rates of five kinds of bacteria were reduced by more than 99.999% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Therefore, it is suggested that methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can be developed as a natural sanitizer or disinfectant.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2010

국화 정유의 식중독균에 대한 항균력을 검증하기 위해 국화 정유와 그 주성분인 camphor, chrysanthemyl alcohol, $\alpha$-pinene, $\gamma$-terpinene, ${\alpha}+{\beta}$-thujone를 10종 균주에 대하여 agar-well diffusion 분석법으로 생육 여부를 분서하였다. 실험 결과 국화 정유와 그 지표물질은 Gram 양성균과 음성균 모두에 대해서 탁월한 항균 효과가 나타났다. Agar-well diffusion 분석법 결과 국화 정유와 그 지표물질은 Gram 음성균보다 Gram 양성균에 대해서 강력한 활성을 나타내었다. 국화 정유의 minimum inhibitory concentration은 모든 균주에 대하여 5 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 균의 생장을 저해하는 효과가 나타났고, minimum bacteriocidal concentration은 S. choleraesuis와 L. monocytogenes에 대해서는 시험농도 내에서 사멸효과가 관찰되지 않았으나, 다른 균주에 대해서는 5~20 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 살균력이 나타났다. 또한 액체 배양중의 항균효과를 조사한 결과, 국화 정유와 그 지표물질은 24시간 동안 꾸준히 항균력이 지속되었다. 따라서 camphor, chrysanthemyl alcohol, $\alpha$-pinene, $\gamma$-terpinene, ${\alpha}+{\beta}$-thujone를 조성분으로 함유한 국화 정유성분은 10종의 식중독균에 대한 항균활성이 입증되어, 천연 항균제재로서 식품보존료로의 이용이 가능하리라 생각된다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.129-132
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• 2018

Enterococcus faecalis is a major causative agent of endodontic treatment failure. The purpose of this study was to investigate bactericidal effects of ethanol extract of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen extract) on five strains of E. faecalis that were isolated from human oral cavities. The bactericidal effects of mangosteen extract were assessed by measurement of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value. The cytotoxicity of mangosteen extract on immortalized human gingival fibroblasts, hTERT-hNOF, was determined based on cell counting method. The data revealed the MBC value of mangosteen extract against the E. faecalis strains was $4{\mu}g/ml$. Additionally, the cell viability of mangosteen extract on hTERT-hNOF was 83.7-89.1% at the 1 to $16{\mu}g/ml$. These findings indicated that mangosteen extract could be used as a root canal cleaner during management of endodontic treatment failure caused by E. faecalis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2018

Gram 양성세균의 생육을 억제하는 세균을 청주시 무심천 토양에서 분리하였으며, 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열 분석 결과 Pseudomonas otitidis PS로 동정하였다. PS 균주는 0.5%의 glucose가 포함된 1% soybean meal 배지에서 2차 대사 산물로서 최대 약 0.1%의 수율로 항생물질을 생산하였다. 항생물질 성분은 ethyl acetate로 추출하였으며, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1261에 대한 minimum inhibitory concentration은 $2{\mu}g/ml$이었다. 이 성분은 siderophore 활성을 띠어서 chrome azurol S 평판배지에서 주황색 halo를 나타내었으며, 철이 제거되면 생육 억제 효과는 감소하였다. Ascorbic acid 같은 환원제를 첨가하거나 혐기적 환경에서는 항생물질 활성을 잃으므로 PS 항생물질은 활성산소를 방출하여 bactericidal activity를 갖는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2000

Survival of pathogenic bacteris(S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli and S. typhimurium) in tryptic soy broth containing green tea water extract(GTW), green tea ethanol extract(GTE), potassium sorbate (PS) and sodium benzoate(SB) stored at various pH was evaluated. Tryptic soy broth(TSB) containing 0∼2%(w/v) of green tea extracts and preservatives adjusted to pH 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 was inoculated approximately 105 CFU/ml of pathogenic bacteria and incubated at 35$^{\circ}C$ for 24∼48 hours. Survival of bacteria was determined by viable cell counts of bacterial culture at each pH. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) of green tea extracts and preservatives against pathogenic bacteria were derived from survival curves of each bacteria. Antibacterial activities of green tea extracts increased with increasing pH but those of preservatives decreased with increrasing pH. S. aureus was the most sensitive strain to GTW and GTE but the most resistant to PS and SB. The MICs of green tea extracts to S. aureus were 0.52∼0.98% at pH 5.5∼6.0 and non inhibitory at pH 7.0. S. typhimurium was the most resistant to green tea extracts while the most sensitive to SB. The MICs of green tea extracts to S. typhimurium were 0.46∼1.62% at pH 5.5∼6.0 and 2% of PS was bactericidal at pH 5.5. 1.0∼2.0% of GTE were bactericidal to all strains tested except L. m9oncytogenes at pH 7.0. GTE was most efficient at inactivating pathogenic bacteria, generally followed by GTW, PS and SB.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.297-301
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• 2013

The present study was to investigate anti-microbial effects of curcumin on major bacterial pathogens for farmed fish, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio vulnificus, V. paraheamolyticus using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests. In disc diffusion test, curcumin exhibited concentration-dependent antimicrobial activities to all bacteria pathogens used in the study. Antimicrobial effects of curcumin was found differently depending on bacterial species when determined by MIC or MBC tests. For examples, E. tarda and A. hydrophila was respectively the most sensitive bacterium for bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal effect of curcumin. Collectively, curcumin could be a potential natural drug for controlling pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture industry.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2023

In oriental medicine, the fruit of Actinidia polygama has long been used to alleviate the symptoms of gout, arthritis, and inflammation. In this study, it was to designed to analyze the antibacterial activity of A. polygama ethanol extract (APEE) against Streptococcus mutans, one of the major strains for dental caries, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the critical strains for periodontal disease. The antibacterial activity of APEE was analyzed by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. In addition, it was also analyzed the inhibitory effect of APEE on bacterial growth and biofilm formation against both oral pathogens. APEE exhibited its antibacterial effect through the inhibited bacterial diffusion as well as low concentration of MIC and MBC. In addition, APEE significantly inhibited not only bacterial growth but also biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. Consequently, APEE showed potent antibacterial activity against both S. mutans and P. gingivalis, which indicates that APEE might be used as a potential antibacterial material for the improvement of oral healthcare.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2017

Purpose: Essential oils are secondary metabolites of herbs and have antibacterial activities against foodborne pathogens. However, their applications for food protection are limited due to the hydrophobic and volatile natures of essential oils. Methods: In this study, essential oil nanoemulsions of rosemary and lavender were formulated with non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and water using ultrasonic emulsification, and their antibacterial effects were determined. Results: The antibacterial activities of nanoemulsions were evaluated against 12 strains of 10 bacterial species, and significant antibacterial effects were observed against four Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria but not against Streptococcus mutans and Shigella sonnei. In the disc diffusion test, the diameter of the inhibition zone proportionally increased with the concentration of nanoemulsions. Using cell turbidity measurement, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the nanoemulsions, which is the lowest concentration reducing viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by ${\geq}99.9%$, was significantly higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanoemulsions. The largest bactericidal effects of lavender and rosemary essential oil nanoemulsions were observed against S. enterica and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusion: Nanoemulsion technique could improve antibacterial activity of essential oil nanoemulsions by increasing the solubility and stability of essential oils. Our findings shed light on the potential use of essential oil nanoemulsions as an alternative to chemical sanitizers in food protection.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2001

단삼으로부터 항균성 물질을 추출하여 어류질병에 대한 천연 항균약제로서의 이용 가능성을 타진하기 위하여 어류질병세균에 대한 항균효과, 최소증식억제농도, 최소살균농도 및 어류사료에 적용 시험 등을 실시하였다. 단삼 추출물은 그람양성균에 대하여 강한 항균활성을 나타내었으나, 그람음성균에 대하여는 항균활성이 약하였다. 단삼 추출물의 그람양성균에 대한 최소증식억제농도는 13.4 ~40.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml이었으며, 67.2~403.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml의 농도에서는 살균작용을 보였다. 그러나 그람음성균인 Edwardsiella tarta에 대하여는 403.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml를 첨가하여도 살균작용은 물론 균 증식을 억제하지도 못하였다. 사료를 단삼 추출액에 침지시 적정 침지시간은 10분이었고, 단삼 추출물에 침지시킨 사료는 사용된 모든 어류질병세균의 증식을 억제하여 10.5~14.5 mm의 저해환을 형성하였으며, 특히 Streptococcus 속 및 Vibrio anguillarum에 대하여 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 또한, 사료 중량에 따른 추출물 흡수량은 식 Y=2.4953X+3.3276 ($R^2$=0.9999)으로 아주 밀접한 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 단삼추출물에 침지시킨 사료의 항균활성은 저장온도 10~35$^{\circ}C$에서 28일까지 안정하였다.