• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1045-1049
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• 1997

In order to study the content of selected elements in the organs of the mice, mice were fed with green juice of Angelica keiskei Koidz for 16 weeks. The results obtained from the experiments are summarized as follows : 1) The element contents(cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, Pb, and Fe) in the whole plant are generally the same as those the previous reports. 2) The element contents(Cr , Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, Pb and Fe) in the green juice did not exceed those of the edible water standard. 3) The element contents (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, Pb and Fe) in the brain is slightly higher than those in the whole plants. 4) The element contents(Cr, Ni, Pb and Fe) in the organs of the mice fed green juice for 16 weeks are the same as those of the previous reports.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1990

In view of the results to have measured metallic elements which is included in 45 sorts of herb medicines and surveyed their distribution, 8 kinds ofmetals including Co, Ge, Ga, TL, Cd, As, 8i, Pb, are never or little includedin almost herb medicines . Other twenty-five sorts of elements (Mo, Sc, Be, V,Ni, Sn, Se, Ba, Cr, Sb, Si, Ti, B, Li, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, p, Al, Na,K) are more or Less included in all herb Bedicines ana Na, Ca, p and K aremetals that are included in Large quentities in comrarison with others . Patri-uiae Radix Contains 7 kinds of metal lic elements more than other herb medicinesdoes .

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 2004

The light element candidates such as S, O, Si, and K are discussed for the reasonable compositions in the earth's core since the available data show density difference from pure iron core. These candidates are favored by the some evidences such as depletion in the crust and mantle, and lower eutectic temperature of Fe-FeS melt for sulfur. FeO phase for oxygen, lighter mass than sulfur and solubility in metallic phases for silicon, and partitioning in Fe-FeS melt for potassium. However, other problems such as short experimental data, initial compositions of these elements, and oxidation state during the formation of the earth should be solved simultaneously to confirm these light elements.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2016

Due to growing problems securing stable mineral and energy resources with international political and economic changes, China has dedicated itself to strategies and policies to enhance its stable mineral and energy resources security. China has established a rare earth elements(REE) industry policy after the abolition of the REE exports quota system. China's six large REE companies have also been integrated into REE mining, smelting and refining companies. Efforts have been increased to enhance China's energy security through unconventional oil and gas exploration and development investment, as well as effort in R&D. The country will focus on technology development and exploration to promote commercial production of unconventional oil and gas based on countries with shale gas. China is making long-term contracts and joint ventures to ensure the acquisition of reliable mineral and energy resources from abroad. Government of China has proposed a range of initiatives, such as the integration of resources development strategies and environmental development strategies, internationalization of resource management, supply diversification and advancement, strengthening industry linking strategy, grouping and diversification strategy.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.20-31
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• 1998

Adsorption of metal elements onto illite and halloysite was investigated at $25^{\circ}C$ using pollutant water collected from the gold-bearing metal mine. Incipient solution of pH 3.19 was reacted with clay minerals as a function of time: 10 minute, 30 minute, 1 hour, 12 hour, 24 hour, 1 day, 2 day, 1 week, and 2 week. Twenty-seven cations and six anions from solutions were analyzed by AAs (atomic absorption spectrometer), ICP(induced-coupled plasma), and IC (ion chromatography). Speciation and saturation index of solutions were calculated by WATEQ4F and MINTEQA2 codes, indicating that most of metal ions exist as free ions and that there is little difference in chemical species and relative abundances between initial solution and reacted solutions. The adsorption results showed that the adsorption extent of elements varies depending on mineral types and reaction time. As for illite, adsorption after 1 hour-reaction occurs in the order of As>Pb>Ge>Li>Co, Pb, Cr, Ba>Cs for trace elements and Fe>K>Na>Mn>Al>Ca>Si for major elements, respectively. As for halloysite, adsorption after 1 hour-reaction occurs in the order of Cu>Pb>Li>Ge>Cr>Zn>As>Ba>Ti>Cd>Co for trace elements and Fe>K>Mn>Ca>Al>Na>Si for major elements, respectively. After 2 week-reaction, the adsorption occurs in the order of Cu>As>Zn>Li>Ge>Co>Ti>Ba>Ni>Pb>Cr>Cd>Se for trace elements and Fe>K>Mn>Al, Mg>Ca>Na, Si for major elements, respectively. No significant adsorption as well as selectivity was found for anions. Although halloysite has a 1:1 layer structure, its capacity of adsorption is greater than that of illite with 2:1 structure, probably due to its peculiar mineralogical characteristics. According to FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) results, there was no shift in the OH-stretching bond for illite, but the ν1 bond at 3695 cm-1 for halloysite was found to be stronger. In the viewpoint of adsorption, illite is characterized by an inner-sphere complex, whereas halloysite by an outer-sphere complex, respectively. Initial ion activity and dissociation constant of metal elements are regarded as the main factors that control the adsorption behaviors in a natural system containing multicomponents at the acidic condition.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2012

Yam has been recognized having the beneficial effects for the prevention of various diseases, such as cancer, immunity, infection and obesity etc. There is increasing consideration to supplement the antioxidant nutrients to make up the lack of the antioxidant nutrient intakes. No study has been reported for the analysis of antioxidant mineral contents and comparison to dietary recommended intake for the sense of health promotion. In our study, we analyzed the contents of antioxidant trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents in cultivated Korean yam powders for evaluation of nutrient intake aspects. We collected the commercial yam powders from six different cultivated areas in the South Korea and measured antioxidant minerals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents using trace element-free plasma spectrometer (ICP) or atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) after dry-ashing and then wet-acid digestion. The accuracy of mineral analysis method was confirmed by the mineral analysis of standard reference material. Each analyzed element contents in yam were compared to dietary reference intakes of Koreans (KDRIs). The average levels of trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Se and Cr) in yam powders were 18.3, 11.9, 36.0, 3.7, 1.9 and 1.27 ${\mu}g/g$ yam powder, respectively. The intakes of Zn, Fe, Cu and Se of which KDRIs is determined, are accounted as being up to 23.8%, 55.6%, 32.5% and 236% recommended intake (RI) of KDRIs, if daily yam supplementation (50 g) of commercial instruction would be considered. The intake of Mn is about 25% adequate intake (AI) of KDRIs with the daily supplementation of yam powder. Most of mineral intakes from daily yam supplementation were with the range of non-detectable to <10% upper limit (UL) level, which is very much safe. The study results show that daily supplementation of Korean yam power is beneficial to provide the supplemental nutrient intake and also is safe, if the suggested dosage would be considered.

• Resources Recycling
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2023

Titanium's importance as a mineral resource is increasing, but the Korean industry depends on imports. Ilmenite is the principal titanium ore. However, research and development from raw materials have not been investigated yet in detail. Hence, measures to secure a stable titanium supply chain are urgently needed. Accordingly, through beneficiation technology, we evaluated the possibility of technological application for the efficient recovery of valuable minerals. As a result of the experiments, we confirmed that mineral particles existed as fine particles due to weathering, making recovery through classification difficult. Consequently, applying beneficiation technologies, i.e., specific gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation, makes it possible to recover valuable minerals such as hematite and rutile. However, there are limitations in increasing the quality and yield of TiO₂ due to the mineralogical characteristic of the hematite and rutile contained in titanium ore. Hametite is combined with rutile even at fine particles. Therefore, it is essential to develop mineral processing routes, to recover iron, vanadium, and rare earth elements as resources. On that account, we used grinding technology that improves group separation between constituent minerals and magnetic separation technology that utilizes the difference in magnetic sensitivity between fine mineral particles. The development of beneficiation technology that can secure the economic feasibility of valuable materials after reforming iron oxide and titanium oxide components is necessary.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.587-601
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• 1997

This study had three purposes: (1) to investigate the enrichment levels and dispersion patterns of potentially toxic elements in the rock-soil-plant system; (2) to evaluate the uptake ratios of heavy metals from soils into plants and (3) to assess the chemical speciation of heavy metals in soils. Rock, surface soil and plant samples were collected in the Boeun area underlain by black shales of the Okchon Zone. These samples were analyzed for multi-elements using INAA, ICP-AES and AAS. The maximum abundance of U in black shales is 16 mg/kg and radioactivity counts up to 300 cpm. In particular, Mo, V, Ba, Cd, Pb and U are enriched in black shales. Most of soils derived from black shales show high concentrations of U, As, Mo, Ba, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn and mean concentrations of As and Mo in soils (20 mg/kg of As and 6.6 mg/kg of Mo) are higher than the permissible level suggested by Kloke (1979). Enrichment index values of soils are calculated and higher than 1.0 in the black shale area with the highest value of 6.4. Mean concentration of Cd in plants is higher than those of Cu, Pb and Zn. The concentration of Cd in plant species decreases in the order of Chinese cabbage > red pepper > soybean=sesame > rice stalk > com > rice grain. The biological absorption coefficients (BAC) in plants are in the order of Cd > Zn=Cu > Pb, which suggests that Cd is more bioavailable to plants than Cu, Pb and Zn. From the results of sequential extraction analysis of soils, relatively high proportion of Cu, Pb and Zn are present as residual fractions whereas that of Cd as non-residual fractions. Cadmuim occurs predominantly as exchangeable/water-acid soluble phase in soils, and Cd is more mobile and bioavailable than Cu, Pb and Zn.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1227-1232
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of concentrates containing different levels of a vitamin-trace elements premix on milk yield and composition of dairy cows. The trial, which lasted 14 weeks, was conducted from January to March and used 45 multiparous Brown cows in the early phase of lactation. Cows (n = 15 per treatment) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments: the first group (control, C-0) was fed pelleted concentrate containing background vitamins and trace elements that supplied 1.0 times cows' daily requirements; the second group were fed the same concentrate, but containing 2.5 g/kg of vitamin and trace mineral premix per kg of concentrate (C-2.5); the third group were fed the same concentrate, but containing 5 g/kg of vitamin and trace mineral premix per kg of concentrate (C-5). The daily ration included ad libitum chopped oat hay, and the cows also had 8 h/d grazing on a ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pasture. During the performance trial, cow milk yield was daily recorded and individual milk samples were analysed for milk composition and to determine milk renneting properties. Cows fed the intermediate premix level (C-2.5) in diet showed the highest fat-corrected milk production (p<0.05) compared to other groups. None of the milk quality parameters studied were influenced by dietary treatment, except for milk rheological parameters (rennet clotting time and curd firmness) that were positively improved in cows fed the C-2.5 diet (p<0.05). The findings from this study show that intermediate level of vitamin-trace elements premix in concentrate can be advantageously used in grazing dairy cows without negative effects on yield and quality of milk produced.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2010

An orchestrated attempt was made to analyze samples of bulk and individual particulate matters (PM) collected at the Gosan ground-based station on the west coast of Jeju, Korea. A two-stage filter pack sampler was operated to collect particles in both large (> $1.2\;{\mu}m$) and small size fractions (< $1.2\;{\mu}m$) between the Asian dust (hereafter called "AD") storm event and non-Asian dust period. Elemental components in bulk and individual particles were determined by PIXE and synchrotron XRF analysis systems, respectively. To assess the transport pathways of air parcels and to determine the spatial distribution of PM, the backward trajectories of the Meteorological Data Explorer (Center for Global Environmental Research, 2010) and the NOAA's HYSPLIT dispersion-trajectory models were applied. In line with general expectations, Si and other crustal elements in large size particles showed considerably higher mass loading on AD days in comparison with non-AD days. Computation of the crustal enrichment factors [(Z/Si)$_{particle}$/(Z/Si)$_{desert}$ sand] of elements in large size particles (> $1.2\;{\mu}m$) allowed us to estimate the source profile and chemical aging of AD particles as well as to classify the soil-origin elements. On the basis of a single particle analysis, individual AD particles are classified into three distinct groups (neutralized mineral particles, S-rich mineral particles, and imperfectly neutralized particles).