• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 1991

If one were to say that war is political in its nature, then war could be one of the several ways of achieving political goals. Thus, the aspect of wars will, in certainty, be altered by the changes in political environment. Wars in the past broke out mainly due to ideological differences that ran to extremes and were of high intensity. However, wars today show such restraints as controlling them beforehand or during the war in anticipation of the post-war situation. The trend of ideas to actualize such wars in the effective operation of airpower is on the rise. Airpower normally possesses speed and operative flexibility as well as capability of destruction, so it is possible to destroy the politically declared targets clearly. Previous airpower was merely employed as means of helping to vertically detouring the spatial obstacle that the ground forces encountered. Over the years, due to the speedy improvement of aviation technology and of ideas concerning wars in space, more advanced application has been developed. but they also were nothing more than an auxiliary role to facilotate the ground forces, that needed a longer effective range of firepower and did not become forces with the right of self-determination, that is, the fact of decisive war that makes its outcome. However, under transitional strategic environment like that of the present, Airpower possesses not only the capability to operate as a decisive means of war but also as theories to support it. The advancement in air technology has enabled supremacy over targets in depth, and the development of electronic technology has empowered the improvement of degree of destruction but also triumphant war by means of an overwhelming supremacy in a relatively short period. Thus, the method of systematic destruction that accomplishes the stated goals while rejecting the damage of accumulative destruction has been realized. The progress of such a concept has also proved that the counter-force strategy that has been developed in nuclear strategy is useful in conventional warfare as well. Therefore, it can be said that the under today's strategic environment airpower is an outstanding means of military strategy that can deeply affect to achieve the national objectives.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-72
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• 2009

Since the Soviet Union collapsed, Russia has been aggressively seeking a role and place in the U.S.-led international order. Russia conditionally cooperated with the U.S. global policy, efforts to protect and expand the national interests in Post-soviet region. In this context, Post-soviet space is the arena of the struggle among the world powers. Especially in Ukraine as the Axis power of Post-soviet space, hegemony conflicts so called 'New Cold War' between Russia and western powers including U.S. have appeared. This paper examines what are Russian military security strategy and policy, how these come to fruition in Ukraine, what are important factors of complications and its aspect.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2014

The chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) plays an important role in the growth, angiogenesis and metastasis of various cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the correlation between CXCR4 and the clinical response of EOC patients to chemotherapy remains unknown. 124 EOC patients were recruited to assess the relationship between CXCR4 and the response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The results showed that patients with a higher CXCR4 expression had a significantly lower chemosensitivity, a poorer progression-free survival and a lower overall survival than those with lower CXCR4 expression. In addition, knockdown of CXCR4 by small interfering RNA suppressed cell proliferation and resulted in G1/S arrest, increased apoptosis and chemosensitivity in both cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cells and cisplatin-resistant cell A2780/cis in vitro. Our data suggest that CXCR4 is one of the key molecules in cisplatin-based chemotherapy for EOC patients and that CXCR4 inhibition is a potential strategy to address the chemoresistance of EOC.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.2
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• pp.121-163
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• 2004

Science technique development expanded into, not only land, sea, and air operations but also those of airspace, and cyber battle spaces. It is generally accepted at this time that space centric operations currently cannot be effectively divided from air operations. However, science and technology advancements make it possible to integrate Army, Navy, Airforce, and Marine forces into effective operations as never before. The Republic of Korea Armed Forces needs to establish a more effective joint concept. The US military, considered by many experts as the most effective in the world, understands the necessity of joint operations and accordingly has highly developed its own concept of joint operations. The US joint operational concepts demonstrated their effectiveness during the Iraqi War by dominating the battlefield through effective use of all combat and non-combat power. Following the US Iraqi War experience, the US Department of Defense continued to enhance Joint Capability through the acceleration of US Military Transformation involving all components. The future national security of the Republic of Korea, faced with the peculiarity of communist threat in the form of North Korea, and the conflicting interest of four strong powers; the United States, China, Japan, and Russia, depends on small but strong armed forces employing all available combat power through effective National and Military Strategy, and considering domestic and international constraints. In order to succeed in future wars, military operations following joint operational concepts must effectively employ all available combat power in a timely manner. The Republic of Korea Armed Forces must establish a joint forces concept in order to integrate all available combat power during employment. Therefore we must establish military operations that develop the military structure and organization, doctrine, weapon systems, training and education of our armed forces based on the key concept of joint operations.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.425-430
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• 2024

This paper analyzes the characteristics of various types of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) for military use and how each type can be utilized in military operations. The scope of the study focuses on the structural features, advantages and disadvantages, and military application cases of fixed-wing, rotary-wing, hybrid, and swarm drones. It also discusses the development direction of drone technology, changes in military strategy, opportunities, and challenges. The results show that each type of drone plays a crucial role in various military operations such as reconnaissance, surveillance, strike, logistics, search, and rescue. With advancements in artificial intelligence, autonomous flight, and swarm technologies, the range of drone applications is expected to expand further. However, ensuring the safety and ethics of drone operations and establishing international norms have emerged as major challenges.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.451-456
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• 2023

The subject of this research is what is the most effective strategy of the nuclear sharing strategy of South Korea through the nuclear strategy that the U.S. is pursuing now. The U.S. Nuclear Strategy-related change can be found in a Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) report released by the U.S. The first NPR was announced in 1994 and after that, the U.S. has additionally announced a total of four NPRs along with administration changes. The change in the U.S. nuclear strategy and nuclear power are considered both deterrence and offset strategies. It can be summarized in two ways. First, by maintaining overwhelming nuclear power against the enemy, the U.S. is to lead nuclear advantage that is the core of the U.S. nuclear strategy. Second, the U.S. is to limit the competition of nuclear power with nations seeking to challenge the U.S. nuclear power advantage. Additionally, the U.S. is to actively sign an agreement with nations on the reduction and restriction of nuclear weapons. Through the NPR of the U.S., South Korea should know its unclear power and strategy and have an effective nuclear strategy of South Korea. Therefore, this research is to deal with the suitability of the nuclear sharing strategy with the U.S., which is one of the various nuclear strategies of South Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.371-379
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• 2016

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), a major mode of extracellular calcium entry, plays roles in a variety of cell activities. Accumulating evidence indicates that the intracellular calcium ion concentration and calcium signaling are critical for the responses induced by oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the potential effect of SOCE inhibition on $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are the predominant cells involved in endothelial repair. The results showed that $H_2O_2$-induced EPC apoptosis was reversed by SOCE inhibition induced either using the SOCE antagonist ML-9 or via silencing of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a component of SOCE. Furthermore, SOCE inhibition repressed the increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ameliorated the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by $H_2O_2$. Our findings provide evidence that SOCE inhibition exerts a protective effect on EPCs in response to oxidative stress induced by $H_2O_2$ and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against vascular endothelial injury.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.209-217
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• 2020

North Korea has steadily implemented defense reforms to strengthen its national defense capabilities, and in particular, has made military technology development and military industrial capability strengthening as the focus of national defense reform. North Korea's defense reform ultimately aimed at securing nuclear posture, and as technical achievements accumulated in the Kim Jung-Un era, it led to the development of military strength such as hydrogen bombs and ICBM/SLBM. Having secured nuclear capability, North Korea is also pursuing a symmetricality in the conventional military strength by securing a strategic advantage by pursuing the modernization of the conventional weapon systems through defense reform again. Up to now, North Korea's defense reform has succeeded in establishing a new ruling system for Kim Jung-Un and creating a driving force for negotiations with the United States.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.3_1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2014

North Korea's provocations is continued. Although Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, Kim Jong Un regime was shift. The crisis is activated, but that there are no changes. Until now, there are the possibilities of war in the Korean peninsula. If we analyse a major provoked crisis committed by North Korea, the enemy's intention is clear. Since the Korean War, South and North Koreas remain limited military conflict continued. North Korea's provocative behavior so far can be summarized as the following. First, the provocative form has changed variously. Second, the risk analysis of the case, the goal is most often provoked by the military purposes. Third, North Korea is a war and peace strategy on both sides. Fourth, try to cover up the provocation. Each crisis event occurs when the peninsula side of North Korea by hiding his intention to blame the behavior of the operation has been shown to act.

• Maritime Security
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-96
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• 2023

Amidst the ongoing instability and military tensions between North and South Korea, it is essential for us to comprehend and assess North Korea's military capabilities, while preparing for potential contingencies through military reinforcement. However, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the military balance on the Korean Peninsula, it is imperative to move beyond simplistic quantitative comparisons of combat capabilities and embrace a broader perspective, which includes qualitative comparisons of military strength, operational capabilities, and a nation's ability to wage war. To address this need, this study employs the method of "Net Assessment" to evaluate the relative combat power of South and North Korean conventional naval forces, with a particular focus on surface combatants. This evaluation involves both quantitative and qualitative comparisons of military assets (personnel and equipment) and intangible factors (naval strategies, geography, etc.). By conducting a holistic assessment, the research aims to identify and analyze strategic asymmetries that may exist between the two navies.