• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of calcium intake , serum calcium level to calcium supplementation and the effect of nutritional education in middle-aged women. The age distribution of the subjects was 49-55 years. Daily nutrient intakes and dietary sources of calcium were analyzed by convenient method and food frequency questionnaire. At the same time, fasting blood samples were collected and serum calcium and magnesium concentrations were measured before and after nutritional education. The BMD of subjects were measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DEXA). Serum calcium and magnesium concentrations were significantly(p<0.05) different between pre and post nutritional education. After nutritional education, nutrient intakes were significantly increased(p<0.05), especially calcium. This results suggested that dietary calcium intake as well as nutritional education seem to be important in preventing in middle-aged women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self reported climacteric symptoms, and depression, and the quality of life in middle aged women. Method: The subjects of this study were 149 women from 40 to 64 years of age. Climacteric symptoms were measured with Neugarton's tool(1965) and depression with Zung's tool. Quality of life was related to self reported climacteric symptoms were education level (F=3.011, p=.035), income measured by Rho's tool(1988). Result: The general characteristic variables significantly level (F=2.670, p=.057), income satisfaction (F=3.413. p=.011), perceived subjective health condition(F=28.623, p=.000). The general characteristic variables significantly related to depression were age(t=-2.476, p=.014), education level (F=4.492, p.013). income satisfaction (F=2.845, p.026), perceived subjective health condition (F = 8.468, p=.000). The general characteristics variables significantly related to quality of life were income level (F= 5.010, p=.000), income satisfaction (F=6.314, p=.000), perceived subjective health condition (F=3.516, p<=.032). menstruation cycles(t=-2.66, p=.023). The relationship between self reported climacteric symptoms and depression had a statistically a positive correlation (r=.357, p=.000). The relationship between depression and quality of life had a statistically with a negative correlation(r=-.397, p=.000). Conclusion: These results may contribute to a better understanding of depression and quality of life in middle aged women. Therefore, health programs for prompting climacteric women´s health should be a planned based on results of the study.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate bone mineral density(BMD) and fear of falling and falls efficacy in the middle and old aged women over 50 years. Methods: The subjects consisted of 409 women. One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression were used to test the BMD, fear of falling and falls efficacy scale by using SPSSWIN 12.0. The BMD of the calcaneus were measured with peripheral dual energy x-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Results: The average age was 63 years old and the average T-score was -3.21 in patient with osteoporosis, -1.72 with osteopenia, and .13 with normal. There were significant differences in the status of the BMD according to age(p=.000), height(p=.000), weight(p=.000), married status(p=.000), age of menarche(p=.002), and menopause(p=.002). The fear of falling was related with falls efficacy(r=-.247, p=.01), BMD(r=-.337, p=.01). Falls efficacy($\beta$=-.21, p=.000)and BMD($\beta$=-.26, p=.000) were predicting variables of fear of falling. The model explained 13% of the variance in fear of falling(F=27.38, p=.000). Conclusion: Fear of falling and falls efficacy were related with the bone mineral density. Falls efficacy and BMD may be useful for the predicting fear of falling for women in middle and old age. Further studies with assessment of fall-related risk-factors and a longitudinal study are necessary to assess with falls efficacy, and BMD with age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2002

This research was to study somatotype characteristics of elderly women and to classify them based on the results. It also analyzed the age distribution of the classified types, and the frequency among the age groups. The subjects of the study were 331 women of the age of 55 fears or older. They were measured on the performing anthropometric and photographic measurements. The samples were classified into 4 different types, and the photographic measure of each front and side view also clustered 4 different types. The results of the research are as follows : The somatotype of elderly women in Korea is most likely to be H-shaped, which shows a slight refraction when viewed from a front. When viewed from a side, an appearance off straight somatotype is common among the age of 70 or younger. However, the age of 70 or older appears to have swayback somatotype. This means that women are likely to reserve their straight body figure from their middle-age until the age of 70. The major somatotype characteristic of old age, a stooped body shape, is more frequently seen as they get older.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self concept and the climacteric symptoms in middle-aged women. Method: From a convenience sample of 123 women between 40 and 59 years of age living in P-city data were collected using a structured questioanaire. It included a self concept scale and climacteric symptom scale. With spss/pc(+), data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Result: 1 The mean score for self concept was $108.73{\pm}16.24$. 2. The variables that influenced the self concept of middle-aged women most were 'health state' and 'marriage satisfaction'. They were statistically significant at the .01 level. 3. The mean score for climacteric symptoms was 3.13. Of psychophysical, physical and psychological symptoms the scores for psychophysical symptoms were the highest. 4. There were significant negative correlations between self concept and climacteric symptoms (r=-.333, p=.000). Conclusion: This study suggests that positive self concept can reduce climacteric symptoms in middle-aged women.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.577-586
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• 2004

Purpose: This study is to examine the effect of a health promoting education program for middle-aged women. Methods: Health promoting education program: The subject group consisted of 116 women between 40 and 60 years of age. Three 12-week sessions consisted of a 90 minute class each week, from March 14th to November 14th, 2003. Pre- and post-education tests were collected after each session. The data was collected using structured questionnaires before and after the education sessions. Data were analyzed employing descriptive statistics, paired t-test with SPSS/PC (10.0 version) program. Results: There were significant changes in health promoting behavior, but no significant changes in the self-efficacy and the knowledge of health management. Conclusion: This study showed that a health promoting education program has partially positive effects for middle-aged women. Based on this study, a continuous education program through a community health center is needed for middle-aged women's health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2022

Purpose: With the first generation of marriage-based immigrant women in East Asia now reaching their middle or old age, the need to focus investigations on their health-related quality of life has arisen. This study aimed to examine the extent to which physical and mental health, and psychosocial variables can predict health-related quality of life among Japanese middle-aged immigrant women. Methods: This study has a descriptive cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of 197 Japanese middle-aged marriage-based immigrant women from two regions of South Korea were recruited between December 2017 and March 2018. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on health-related quality of life, menopausal symptoms, depression, perceived health status, disease morbidity, social support, and acculturation. The data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Depression was the strongest predictor of health-related quality of life, followed by perceived health status, social support, and household income. Menopausal symptoms, presence of disease, and acculturation appeared to have no additional impact on participant's health-related quality of life. Conclusion: In times of rapid growth of global migration and the aging of immigrants in new destination countries, nursing interventions and public health policies for aging marriage-based immigrant women should be prioritized to improve their mental health by facilitating social support and disease management. In addition, social and employment policies that can help immigrant women transition to a healthy midlife are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.1 s.160
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• pp.33-43
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• 2007

Middle age is the time of the most important meaning in life and also the time of physical and mental change, which offers new social activities for self-development. Middle-aged women form the major consumer class in current clothing industry, but few have been performed on this so far. The researcher studied in many aspect on the clothes which middle-aged women need to wear during this period of change. Thus this study is executed to examine what benefits middle-aged women pursue in clothing attitudes and the relationship among clothing pursuit benefit and their somatotype compensation and image orientation. The research performed the theoretical study and practical study simultaneously. The subjects are 238 middle-aged women between 35 and 49 years old in September, 2004. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The attitude of women's clothing patterns in relation with image consist of two factor structures. One is the body image and the other is the appearance image. 2. As a result of researching the attitude for choosing clothes of each body group by Rohrer index, the women with gross body group take a top priority for the lower-body compensation, while the women with slim body group take a top priority for volume compensation. 3. As a result of researching the cognitive somatotype group's attitude for choosing clothes, gross body group takes a top priority for lower-body compensation and upper-body compensation. 4. As a result of researching the relationship between real somatotype and cognitive somatotype by Rohrer index, middle-aged women think of themselves as being fatter than present state. And choosing the clothes, the body misunderstanding group of women usually show that they consider more compensation than the normally body understanding group. 5. The evaluation on real somatotype, cognitive somatotype, ideal somatotype influences on the body cathexis.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Adults in their middle age are being held back by their roles through economic activities, but their rapid retirement and job sharing are adding to their anxiety. Also, it is very important to establish welfare policies for the elderly in the future because it can predict the economic situation in the old age through the economic activities of middle-aged adults. My study analyzed the 6th data of Kreis of the National Pension Research Institute's. The number of people studied is 2,552 employed people aged 40 or over 64 across the country. According to the analysis, there were more men than women. There were many high school graduates and 50s. There were many people who had spouses and who lived in the province. Wage workers represented 53.1% of the total. The lower the age, the higher the level of education, the higher the number of wage earners. Only 29% of standard workers and 30.8% of regular workers were employed. There were many economically unstable middle-aged adults. Economic instability in the middle age requires social attention because it can lead to poverty in old age. Therefore, measures should be taken to ensure stable jobs for middle-aged adults, whose spending increases more than their income.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.391-396
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to present basic research data to utilize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with analyzing intracerebral regional distributions of ischemic cerebrovascular disease of middle aged and oldest-old aged people. We retrospectively analyzed middle-aged group (average age of 44.2 year-old, 43 males, 26 females) and oldest-old aged group (average age of 84.7 year-old, 58 males, 71 females) who taken MRI screening for ischemic cerebrovascular disease from May 2006 year to January 2008 year. The intracerebral vascular were classified into 8 vessels, which anterior communication artery (ACoA), posterior communication artery (PCoA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), common carotid artery(CCA), and basilar artery (BA). The result of middle-aged group showed that more ischemic cerebrovascular diseases appeared in men than women, and it affected in MCA mostly. In oldest-old aged group, ischemic cerebrovascular diseases occurred evenly spaced in intracerebral region of right, left, and both vessels, and women have more than men. For men, the most occurred in ICA and for women the most occurred in MCA. Specially middle-aged group in men showed that more ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in MCA appeared than oldest-old aged group in men. It is suggested that the analysis on ischemic cerebrovascular could be helpful in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.