• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.93-105
• /
• 2012

This study aimed to provide the fundamental resources for developing an effective safety education program. We analyzed the condition of school accidents and safety awareness, and the condition of school safety education and the factors related to safety education. Ultimately, this study can lead the following studies to develop the safety education program realistically, which can effectively change the safety behaviors of Korean students. Methods: We carried out a questionnaire survey that was targeted at the schools - three elementary, three middle, and three high schools - located in Chung-nam, from April 1, 2012 to May 2, 2012. Totally, the questionnaires of 578 students were fully filled out. The design of this study is a descriptive research. Results: 1. 64.5% of elementary school students, 33% of middle school students and 32% of high school students had experienced more than one safety accident. The frequency of occurrence was the highest in playgrounds for elementary and middle school students, and in stairs for high school students. The most safety accidents occurred during lunch time and at recess in elementary and middle school, and at recess in high school. Further, most of the students who had experienced the safety accidents had been treated in infirmary (school nurse's office) for elementary school students, and in a hospital for middle and high school students. 2. There was statistical significance in the safety consciousness for students in elementary school (18.09 points), middle school (17.68 points), and high school (17.26 points), on a twenty-point scale. (F=3.754, p=0.024). 3. Comparing the factors related to school safety education with safety consciousness, students in elementary school that gave an answer of the usefulness of safety education showed a high standard in the safety consciousness level. (F=12.347, p=0.002) For the need of safety education, the students in the elementary school and high school that expressed the necessity of safety education showed a high standard in the safety consciousness level. Conclusions: Accordingly, it is true that there are the differences at safety awareness among elementary middle high school students. This study is meaningful enough in that it provides the fundamental resources for developing the effective safety education methods for the subjects.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 1968

Maximal oxygen uptake was measured in thirty-three secondary school girls by means of the treadmill test. Eighteen middle school girls aged 14.0 (range: $13.0{\sim}15.9$) years and fifteen high school girls aged 16.9 (range: $16.0{\sim}18.0$) years served as subjects. Maximal treadmill run lasted for 2 minutes and 20 seconds and the expired air was collected in a Douglas bag through a J-valve during the last one minute period. In general, absolute values of various measurements in the high school girls were greater than those of the middle school girls. When values were expressed on the body weight or lean body weight basis, however, work capacity of middle school girls was superior to that of the high school girls. The detailed results are as follows: 1. In middle school girls maximal oxygen uptake was 1.78 l/min., 47.4 ml/kg body weight, 12.3 ml/cm body height, and 61.7ml/kg lean body mass. In high school girls maximal oxygen uptake was 1.93 l/min., 39.7ml/kg body weight, 12.3 ml/cm body height, and 51.2 ml/kg LBM. Although the absolute value of maximal oxygen uptake was greater in high school girls than in middle school girls, values expressed on the body weight basis showed the reverse trend, namely, values of the middle school girls was greater than those of the high school girls. 2. The ratio of maximal to resting oxygen uptake was 8.8 in the middle school girls and was 10.2 in the high school girls. 3. Maximal pulmonary ventilation in the middle school girls was 55.3 l/min. and 66.1 l/min. in the high school girls. The ratio of maximal to resting pulmonary ventilation was 10.2 in the middle school girls and 10.1 in the high school girls. 4. The correlation between body weight and maximal oxygen uptake was relatively high, namely, r=0.79 both in middle and high school girls. The correlation coefficient between body weight and maximal pulmonary ventilation was a little less that of between maximal oxygen uptake and showed a value of r=0.60 both in middle and high school girls. The lean body mass was a poor reference of maximal oxygen uptake or maximal pulmonary ventilation as compared to body weight. The correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and maximal pulmonary ventilation was high and the coefficient of correlation in middle school girls was 0.927 and in high school girls it was 0.856. 5. Maximal ventilation equivalent was 30.9 liters in middle school girls and 33.9 liters in high school girls. This indicated that no hyperventilation was induced during the maximal of oxygen uptake exercise period as related to the maximal oxygen uptake. 6. Heart rate reached to the peak value within 1.5 minutes after beginning of maximal oxygen uptake run and remained at the same peak plateau level throughout the entire running period. Heart rate decreased steeply on cessation of running and subsided slowly thereafter. The maximal heart rate was 184 beat/min. in middle school girls and 189 beat/min. in high school girls. 7. Maximal oxygen pulse was 9.4 in middle school girls and 9.9 ml/beat in high school girls.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze middle school teachers' perception of their participation in decision-making processes at their schools. 507 middle school teachers in the Pusan metropolitan area were involved in this study through a questionnaire to examine the actual state of participation of teachers in decision-making processes. The results of the above mentioned analyses are as follows: First, the degree of actual participation in the decision-making process for each field in terms of school management is lower than that of expected participation in general. Second, the variable which influences the actual participation the most is seen in the jurisdiction of the related fields. However, as an exception, expertise is the most influential variable on actual participation in terms of teaching activities.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.134-141
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine and understand the level of vanity and body shaping management and the relationships among related variables. The data were collected from about 140 middle school girls, 186 high school girls, and 194 college female students in Ulsan City using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions such as general characteristics of the subjects, vanity, and body shaping management. There were statistically significant differences in the 4 vanity sub-scales except physical concern and the body shaping management among the school groups(middle school, high school, college) and socio-economic status groups(low, middle, high). Socio-economic status, physical concern and view, and age were affected significantly on the body shaping management. Moderate vanity and body shaping management can prevent obesity and motivate personal development. A nutrition education program for excessive groups in the vanity and body shaping management needs to be developed.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.401-411
• /
• 2003

제7차 교육과정의 가장 큰 특징은 수준별 교육과정의 시행이라고 할 수 있으며, 이에 따라 학생의 능력과 개인차에 따른 다양한 학습 과제의 개발이 필요하다. 제6차 교육과정의 중학교 과정에서 다루었던 크로마토그래피의 이론과 실험의 오류를 바로잡기위하여 중학생들이 크로마토그래피의 원리를 보다 정확하게 이해할 수 있는 새로운 실험 키트가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 시중에 판매되고 있는 TLC판을 정지상으로 이용하고, 이동상으로는 상대적으로 인체에 해가 적은 혼합 유기용매를 사용하며, 시료 및 참고물질로는 시료의 전개 과정을 눈으로 쉽게 확인할 수 있는 산-염기 지시약들을 사용하여 새로운 크로마토그래피 실험 키트를 개발하였다. 또한, 이 실험 키트의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 중학생(일반 중학생 및 영재반 중학생)과 교사(과학 교사 및 비과학 교사)를 상대로 실험을 실시하여, 실험내용과 그 효과에 관한 설문을 조사하였다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권8호
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 남자 중학생을 대상으로 스마트폰 과의존에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 수행한 서술적 연구이다. 남자 중학생 174명을 대상으로 스마트폰 과의존, 스트레스, 자아탄력성, 스마트폰의 기능별 사용 등에 대한 설문조사 하였다. 연구결과 남자 중학생의 스마트폰 과의존 위험군은 29.9%(잠재적 위험군은 23.6%, 고위험군은 6.3%)이었으며, 스마트폰 과의존의 영향요인은 스마트폰 사용시간, 스트레스, 자아탄력성, 고학년이었다. 즉, 하루 평균 휴대폰 사용시간이 길수록, 스트레스 수준이 높을수록, 자아탄력성 수준이 낮을수록, 고학년일수록 스마트폰 과의존도가 높았다. 이에 따라 과도한 스트레스 상황을 극복할 수 있는 적절한 스트레스 대처양식의 개입이 요구된다. 또한 자아탄력성 수준을 높이는 개입 프로그램의 개발과 수행을 통해 스트레스 대처에 대한 적절한 개입효과 뿐만 아니라 스마트폰 사용시간도 통제할 수 있는 효과도 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.35-46
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study was a part of preliminary survey for establishing Korean HPS(Health Promoting School) model which was originally suggested by WHO. Methods: Three elementary and middle schools were sampled in urban and rural area across three level of social-economic status, and survey was conducted on one class in each grade by random selection. To measure mental health and social and familial factors, self-esteem scale, self-efficacy scale, depression scale, family cohesion scale, parent-child communication scale, adolescent's mental health and problem behavior questionnaire(AMPQ), and other question items about family status and economic level were conducted. Students' mental health level was compared by region, sex, grade, and other familial and economic factors. Results: Familial and social factors such as economical and educational level of parents, number of family members were different between rural and urban area. Also, students of rural area got lower scores at self-esteem, self-efficacy, but higher scores at extroverted problem behavior than their urban counterparts. In pre-school students, high grade students' self-esteem, and family cohesion scores were lower than low grade students. And sexual differences were found across problem behavior domain and region in middle school students. Especially, the students of single-parent family and lower economic family got insistently low scores at various mental health related scales. Conclusion: These results should be considered, when the HPS model is designed and applied in Korea.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.342-347
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: School meals are not just meals consumed at school, they are part of the culture, education, and life experience at school. Nevertheless, few studies have revealed the influence of school meals on students' school lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of satisfaction with the school meal program on students' school happiness. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey conducted in December 2015 asked 2,336 students (1,062 elementary school students, 880 middle school students, and 394 high school students) about their satisfaction with the school meal program and their school happiness. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relation between the students' school meal satisfaction and their happiness level. RESULTS: The average level of satisfaction with school meals of elementary school students was 4.1 out of 5 points, comparatively higher than that of middle and high school students, with a significant difference between school levels (P < 0.001). In addition, school happiness, as well as overall happiness, of elementary school students was higher than that of middle and high school students (P < 0.001). The school meal operation factor (0.232, P < 0.001) had the most influence on students' school happiness, followed by the school meal environment factor (0.219, P < 0.001) and school meal quality factor (0.136, P < 0.001). Overall satisfaction (0.097, P = 0.001) and school meal hygiene factor (0.095, P = 0.001) also had significant influences on students' school happiness. CONCLUSIONS: Students' satisfaction with the school meal program was related to their school happiness. Therefore, plans to enhance students' satisfaction with a school meal program needs to be implemented, with emphasis on placing a priority on school meal operation and school environment factors, in order to improve students' level of happiness.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.80-88
• /
• 2008

As the gravity of the issue of the global warming surfaced, environmental protection and energy conservation have become one of the most serious issues that global society faces. At the status quo, there are criticisms for not effectively educating the students although the problem is very severe. In middle school, for instance, only 10% of the school offer environmental education while only $20{\sim}30%$ of the high school offer it. As witnessed by these examples, we can infer that there are not well-structured, effective environmental education for teenagers. Recently, NIE(Newspaper-In-Education) has been used as effective means for some fields of middle and/ or high school education. If so, it also could be used for environmental education. The researches, however, on the topic of NIE on environmental education are very rare. In this study, the effect of NIE on environmental education was empirically tested. Our basic assumption is that NIE will cause differences in environmental perception; the cognition and concern. And environment education through NIE will cause the high level of cognition, concern, and practice regarding environment issue. Using simple experimental design and regression analysis, we tested the effect of NIE on cognition, and, concern of environment issue, and then, on the practice of environment-improving action. The "cognition level" did not show significant difference between the experimental group(which was exposed to NIE) and control group(which was not exposed to NIE). The "concern level" for environment showed significant difference. Finally, the "practice level" showed highly significant difference between the experimental and the control group. According to regression analysis, "concern" and "NIE"(dummy variable) was turned out to be statistically significant variables for practice of environment improving action. Therefore, we came up with the conclusion that NIE, which provides the most up-to-date information regarding the environmental status, can serve as the good supplementary mechanism for the effective environment education in the present Korean middle school curriculum system. The statistical result also suggests that each individual school needs to employ and extend NIE method in its environment education curriculum.

• Educational Technology International
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.39-57
• /
• 2016

The present study aims to examine whether the gender and school of students affect smart media literacy in South Korea. For the purpose of this study, data in Korea Youth Competency Measurement and International Comparative research II was analyzed. The data was nationwide data collected from 11,284 students in elementary, middle, high, and undergraduate school in South Korea. The participants were asked to answer 18 items of smart media literacy questionnaire (SMLQ) that consisted of four factors; ability to learn using smart media, ability to operate smart devices, ability to use smart applications, and positive perception of using smart media. As a result, statically significant differences were observed in the participants' gender and school levels. In relation to the gender level, female students scored higher than male students on the smart literacy survey. With regard to the school level, middle school students scored the highest while elementary school students scored the lowest. In addition, a statistically significant difference was found in the gender level of smart media literacy on two dependent measures in terms of the interaction effect of gender and school levels. Based on the findings of the present study, strategies to improve smart media literacy according to students' gender and school levels have been made and suggestions for further research have been proposed in detail.