• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.193-204
• /
• 2022

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to examine the effect of women's empowerment on the immunization of Indonesian children. The secondary objective was to examine the effect of wealth as a factor modifying this association. Methods: We utilized data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The subjects were married women with children aged 12-23 months (n=3532). Complete immunization was defined using the 2017 IDHS definition. Multiple components of women's empowerment were measured: enabling resources, decision-making involvement, and attitude toward intimate partner violence. The primary analysis was conducted using binomial logistic regression. Model 1 represented only the indicators of women's empowerment and model 2 controlled for socio-demographic variables. Subgroup analyses were conducted for each wealth group. Results: The primary analysis using model 1 identified several empowerment indicators that facilitated complete immunization. The analysis using model 2 found that maternal education and involvement in decision-making processes facilitated complete immunization in children. Subgroup analyses identified that wealth had a modifying effect. The indicators of women's empowerment were strong determinants of complete immunization in lower wealth quintiles but insignificant in middle-income and higher-income quintiles. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore women's empowerment as a determinant of child immunization in Indonesia. The results indicate that women's empowerment must be considered in Indonesia's child immunization program. Women's empowerment was not found to be a determinant in higher wealth quintiles, which led us to rethink the conceptual framework of the effect of women's empowerment on health outcomes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권8호
• /
• pp.3879-3887
• /
• 2012

Background: Development of effective educational strategies should accompany increases in public awareness and the availability of genetic testing for breast cancer (BC). These educational strategies should be designed to fulfill the knowledge gap while considering factors that influence women's interest in order to facilitate decision making. Objective: To determine the possible correlates of Saudi women's interest in BC genes testing including socio-demographics, the level of awareness towards BC genes, the family history of BC and the perceived personal risk among adult Saudi women in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out during the second BC community-based campaign in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. All Saudi women aged ${\geq}18$ years (n=781) attending the educational components of the campaign were invited to a personal interview. Data collection included gathering information about sociodemographics, family history of BC, the perceived personal risk for BC, awareness and attitude towards BC genes and the women's interest in BC genes testing. Results: Of the included women (n=599), 19.5% perceived higher risk for BC development, significantly more among < 40 years of age, and with positive family history of BC before 50 years of age. The participants demonstrated a poor level of awareness regarding the inheritance, risk, and availability of BC genetic testing. The median summated knowledge score was 1.0 (out of 7 points) with a knowledge deficit of 87.8%. The level of knowledge showed significant decline with age (> 40 years). Of the included women 54.7% expressed an interest in BC genetic testing for assessing their BC risk. Multivariate regression model showed that being middle aged (Odds Ratio 'OR'=1.88, confidence intervals 'C.I'=1.14-3.11), with higher knowledge level (OR=1.67, C.I=1.08-2.57) and perceiving higher risk for BC (OR=2.11, C.I=1.61-2.76) were the significant positive correlates for Saudi women interest in BC genetic testing. Conclusion: Saudi women express high interest in genetic testing for BC risk despite their poor awareness. This great interest may reflect the presence of inappropriate information regarding BC genetic testing and its role in risk analysis.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.33-46
• /
• 2019

Purpose: Individuals suspected Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) are continuously surfacing in Korea. study the Korean public's knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors related to MERS as well as the factors that affect preventive behaviors for MERS. Methods: The study used a descriptive research design, and included 196 men and women aged 20 to 65 years. Data were collected through Internet surveys and self-reported questionnaires from December 1 to 30, 2017. Results: Among the participants, 88.7 percent knew cough etiquette, 84.7 percent had education about cough etiquette, and 52.6 percent had received education on MERS. The average scores for knowledge of MERS was $73.60{\pm}18.78$; attitude of MERS, $2.22{\pm}0.92$; and preventive behaviors for MERS, $62.43{\pm}16.11$. egression analysis showed that higher knowledge of MERS (${\beta}=.34$, p<.001) and higher attitude of MERS (${\beta}=.05$, p=<.001) resulted in increased preventive behaviors, people with MERS education increased preventive behaviors (${\beta}=.21$, p=.003). Conclusion: the awareness and knowledge of MERS for promoting related preventive behaviors. Therefore, education content that considers the characteristics of the target population should be organized and expanded multiple channels.

• 산업진흥연구
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.95-109
• /
• 2023

본 논문의 목적은 심리.사회적으로 취약한 40~50대 고학력 경력단절 중년여성들을 중심으로, 이들의 성격유형에 따라 자기효능감과 우울감에 미치는 영향력 및 변인 간 관계를 실증적으로 파악하고, 이를 통해 고학력 경력단절 여성의 심리적 문제를 개인적 관점에서 탐색하며, 나아가 사회적으로 고학력 경력단절 여성을 대상으로 한 정책 및 서비스의 발전을 위한 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 명리변수와 자기효능감, 그리고 우울감의 변수로 구조화된 측정 도구를 바탕으로 설문 조사를 통해 변인 간의 관계를 분석하여 성격유형의 하위차원 특성이 자기효능감에 가지는 영향과 자기효능감의 매개 효과, 그리고 그에 따른 우울 수준을 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 검증하였다. 비겁, 재성, 관성은 자기효능감에 대해 긍정적인 직접영향을 주며, 우울에는 부정적인 직접영향을 주어, 결국 자기효능감을 높이고 우울은 낮추는 역할을 하는 것으로 파악되었다. 식상은 우울에는 정(+)적 관계를, 자기효능감에는 부(-)적 관계를 갖는 것으로 파악되었지만, 인성은 자기효능감과 우울에 직접영향을 주지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 그 외에 변인 간의 간접영향, 그리고 자기효능감과 우울 간의 영향 등을 파악할 수 있었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.496-506
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the affecting factors on breast self-examination of middle-aged women in Korea. The subjects were 141 women on Jeju Island, and materials were collected through an organized questionnaire from March to August 2002. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test. A-nova and Discriminant analysis by the SAS program. The major results are as follows: 1. 53% of the subjects performed the breast self-examination. The practice of breast self-examination was correlated with the education level, income, low salt diet, more than 30 minutes of regular exercise. 2. Attitudes towards breast self-examination were not a significant practice regarding breast self-examination. However, the cognition about difficulty of breast self-examination partly showed an important barrier factor to the positive attitude. 3. The average self-efficacy concerning breast self-examination was 3.03. The stages of change related to the subjects showed that a contemplation stage was high. 4. With a stepwise multiple regression, the most significant factor on self-efficacy related with breast self-examination was the contemplation stage, 30-40 aged women. high income, regular exercise, low salt diet, family cancer history, etc. 5. With the discriminant analysis, the most important factors related with the practice of the breast self-examination were income and self-efficacy. The power of discriminant was 59%. The results of this study suggests that programs should be developed to promote practice and the self-efficacy related with breast self-examination.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.401-411
• /
• 2021

Diet is important for muscle health and offers a protective effects against the loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical functions with advancing age. We analyzed the relationship between diet, metabolic disease risk, and sarcopenia in Korean female adults using the 2009-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 2038 adult women aged 50-64 years were classified into four groups based on the diagnosis of menopause and sarcopenia. The groups were the non-menopause and non-sarcopenia group (NMNS, n=249), the non-menopause and sarcopenia group (NMS, n=14), the menopause and non-sarcopenia group (MNS, n=1,653), and the menopause and sarcopenia group (MS, n=122). The socio-demographics, anthropometrics, blood profile, and dietary data of the subjects were collected. Those who were in both the sarcopenia groups were more obese (p<0.001), had greater waist circumferences (p<0.001), higher body mass index (p<0.001), and higher obesity rates (p<0.001) after adjustment for covariants. Both the sarcopenia groups also had higher plasma levels of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HbA1c (p=0.001), and vitamin D (p=0.020) than both the non-sarcopenia groups. Both the sarcopenia groups demonstrated a decreased intake of calcium (p=0.05), potassium (p=0.008), and niacin (p=0.008) than both the non-sarcopenia ones. Among the four groups, the NMS group showed the highest levels of total cholesterol, obesity, and lowest intake of micronutrients such as calcium, niacin, and potassium. Thus, muscle mass maintenance through weight control and adequate nutrient intake appears to demonstrate a potential association with preventing sarcopenia in Korean middle-aged women.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.270-282
• /
• 2023

We performed a study to examine the association between diet quality and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our study included 3,586 women aged 40-64 years who participated in the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study subjects were classified into the NAFLD group (n=816) and the normal group (n=2,770) using the hepatic steatosis index. The anthropometric indices, blood profiles, and dietary intake data of the subjects were obtained. The waist circumference, body mass index, and the serum levels of triglycerides, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher in the NAFLD compared to the normal groups (p<0.001, respectively). The intakes of protein (g/kg body weight, p<0.001), potassium (p<0.001), and vitamin A (p=0.006) were significantly lower in the NAFLD group. It was observed that the higher the total Korean Healthy Eating Index score, the lower the risk of NAFLD. A reverse relationship was shown between the NAFLD risk and the intakes of total fruits, total vegetables, vegetables excluding Kimchi and pickled vegetables, meat, fish, eggs and beans. Therefore, it is recommended that middle-aged women in Korea increase their intakes of fruits, vegetables, and foods high in protein for the proper management of NAFLD.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.1596-1604
• /
• 2004

QFD(Quality Function Deployment: 품질기능 전개도)는 상품개발과정에서 소비자의 요구가 손실되지 않고 최종제품의 생산에 반영되고 시장에 투입되도록 고안된 상품개발 기술의 일종이다. 본 연구에서는 착용감이 우수한 brassiere를 개발하는 과정에서 필요한 모든 정보를 획득하기 위하여 소비자가 요구하는 제품속성과 이 제품속성을 제품 기능에 반영할 수 있는 구체적인 연구 방법론을 제시하기 위해 QFD를 이용하여 그 효율성과 타당성을 검토해 보고자 하였다. Brassiere 착용쾌적성에 대한 소비자 요구 조사를 위해 30-40대의 주부 100명에게 설문조사를 실시하였다. 소비자 요구들 중 중요 항목을 선정하기 위해 중요도 순위 조사를 5점 척도로 조사한 후, 소비자 요구 항목들은 기술적 언어로 전환되었다. 제품에 대한 소비자의 주관적 평가인 소비자 경쟁 평가를 위해 10가지 시판 brassiere에 대한 착용실험이 $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;65{\pm}3\%$ RH로 조절되는 인공기후실에서 실시되었다. 소비자 경쟁 평가치는 기술적 경쟁 평가의 물리적평가치와 비교함으로써, 적절한 기술적 언어를 발굴해 냈는가를 검증할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 쾌적성 있는 중년 여성의 brassiere를 개발하기 위해 도출된 소비자 요구는 종합적 착용 쾌적감, 맞음성-체형보정성, 움직임에 의한 브래지어의 위치 이동성, 압박감, 생리적 특성, 심미적 특성, 브래지어의 어깨끈 관련 특성 등 7가지로 나타났다. 이를 제품에 반영하기 위한 기술적 언어로는 3D측정 Data,소재의 물리적 특성, 심미적 특성, 생리적 측정치, 패턴, 압력 측정치 등으로 도출되었다.형 집단이 다른 두집단보다 더 활발한 불평행동을 취하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 정보지향형과 브랜드지향형 집단의 경우에는 서비스회복의 만족도론 높혀주는데 주력하고, 가격지향형 집단의 경우에는 불평행동이 보다 적극적으로 취해질수 있도록 유도하는 마케팅 전략을 서비스 회복 전략과 함께 구사하는 것이 보다 효과적 일 것이라 생각된다.TEX>$53\%$의 상동성이 각각 존재하는 것으로 확인하였다.)을 가지고 있음이 확인되었다. 사람에 직접적인 유해성을 가지고 있는 지 확인하기 위해 사람 방광 유래의 T-24세포와 장내 표피 유래의 Caco-2세포에 대한 부착능을 시험하였을 때, 16균주$(42.1\%)$가 T-24방광 세포에, 그리고 17균주$(44.7\%)$가 Caco-2장세포에 대해 강한 부착능을 나타내었다. 특히 11균주$(28.9\%)$는 두 세포 모두에 강한 부착능을 가지고 있었다. Filter mating method를 수행하여 이들 균주들의 독소 생산 유전자와 항생제 내성 유전자가 사람에서 분리된 균주로 전달되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 실험의 결과는 설사 중상을 나타내는 돼지로부터 분리된 용혈성 E. coli의 독성과 세포 부착능력, 그리고 항생제 내성간의 상호 연관성을 보여주지 않았으나 동물 분리 세균의 항생제 내성과 독소 생산 능력이 유전자 전달을 통해서 뿐만 아니라 세균의 직접 접촉에 의해서도 인체로 전달될 수 있는 것을 보여주는 것이다.다. 본 연구를 토대로 장시간의 체외순환에서는 신장기능을 대표하는 수치들에도 영향을 미칠 수 있으리라 예상되며, 신장 이외에 다른 주요 장기에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구를 더

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted on 1,174 retirees in their 50s and 60s nationwide using the 7th data of the National Pension Service's National Elderly Security Panel Survey. We were able to confirm the following results through the SPSS WIN 18.0 program.. First, men showed a higher level of education than women. From these results, it is expected that men will be better prepared for retirement. Second, men had spouses and two or more household members than women. According to previous studies showing that men are better prepared for retirement if they have a spouse, it is expected that men are better prepared for retirement. Second, 38% of men and 62% of women were voluntary retirees. Third, both men and women responded that their own and spouses should play the main role in preparing for retirement. Fourth, both men and women had very low rates of preparation for old age, economic independence, and public and private pensions. Among them, women were lower than men. Fifth, economic problem solving, health, and medical care were the priority as parts to be done for retirement in oneself and society. Based on these results, the directions for preparing retirees for retirement are as follows. First, education on wage peak system, retirement age extension and financial management for involuntary retirees is required, and guidance and management methods on health care and disease should be provided to address needs for health and health care. Women had more voluntary retirees than men, and they need to know why. Second, when both men and women are very poor at preparing for retirement, there should be job creation measures to ensure that they and their spouses are fully prepared for retirement.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.495-507
• /
• 2020

이 연구는 퇴직을 앞둔 50세 이상의 중년직장인을 대상으로 회복탄력성이 퇴직태도와 퇴직준비에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위한 양적연구이다. 서울과 수도권에 근무 중인 50세 이상의 상용직 재직자 214명을 연구표본으로 사용하였다. SPSS 19.0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, 측정도구의 타당도 및 신뢰도 분석, 요인 간의 상관관계와 집단 간 평균차이 검증을 실시하였고, 가설검증을 위해 중다회귀분석을 이용하여 요인간의 인과관계를 검증하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 남성재직자가 여성보다 자기조절능력과 가족에 대한 퇴직준비가 높았고, 근무기간이 긴 재직자일수록 건강에 대한 퇴직준비가 높았으며, 학력이 높은 재직자일수록 퇴직을 새로운 출발로 높게 인지하였고, 가구소득이 높은 재직자일수록 긍정성이 높고 퇴직을 새로운 출발로 높게 인지하였으며 재정에 대한 퇴직준비가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 회복탄력성은 퇴직태도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 회복탄력성이 높은 재직자일수록 퇴직을 새로운 출발로 높게 인지하는 반면, 강요된 좌절로는 낮은 인식을 보였다. 셋째, 회복탄력성은 퇴직준비에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 회복탄력성이 높은 재직자일수록 재취업, 가족, 재정, 건강 등에 대해 퇴직준비를 잘 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 퇴직태도는 퇴직준비에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 퇴직을 긍정적으로 높게 인식하는 재직자일수록 퇴직에 대한 준비를 더 잘하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구결과로 퇴직을 앞둔 50세 이상의 중년직장인의 회복탄력성과 퇴직에 대한 긍정적인 인식의 중요성이 검증되었고, 그로인해 퇴직에 대한 막연한 불안을 최소화시켜주고 퇴직 전 퇴직에 대한 준비의 중요함에 확인시켰다.