• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.266-275
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the mediating effect of menopausal symptoms in the relationship between occupational stress and quality of Life in middle-aged working women Method: Data collection was conducted from May 2019 to July 2019. A sample of 130 middle-aged working women was recruited from three cities in Korea. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tset, ANOVA, Scheffé test, pearson correlation, and a three step regression analysis. The mediating effect was analyzed using PROCESS macro with a 95.0% bias corrected bootstrap confidence interval (5,000 bootstraps resampling). Results: Quality of life had a negative correlation with occupational stress and menopausal symptoms, while there was a positive correlation between occupational stress and menopausal symptoms. Menopausal symptoms showed a direct effect on quality of life through occupational stress as a mediating variable. Conclusion: These results suggest that menopausal symptoms should be considered when developing interventions to improve quality of life through occupational stress control of middle-aged working women

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and investigate the relevant factors for middle aged women using the 2014 Korea Health Panel data. Methods: The Korea Health Panel data 2014 were collected from February to August 2014 by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and the National Health Insurance Corporation and included 2,075 people who responded to the questionnaire. Using SPSS WIN program, the data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Limited activity was the most influential factor for the health-related quality of life of middle-aged women. For health behavior, the factors affecting HRQoL were drinking, sleeping time, and physical activity. For physical health, factors affecting HRQoL were vision problems, eating problems, and hearing problems. For mental health, the factors affecting HRQoL were suicidal impulse, stress, and frustration. Conclusion: These results indicated that to improve HRQoL for middle-aged women, limited activity and suicidal impulses should be addressed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.214-229
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find strategic methods of quality management for customer satisfaction when developing clothing for middle and elderly women. For this study was middle and elderly women who were living in Seoul and Kyonggi-do. SPSS 11.5 statistical program was used for data analysis and to conduct factor analysis, reliability verification, paired-sample t-test, frequency analysis and percentage. The result were as follows; First, middle and elderly women's behavioral characteristic in purchasing clothing, the average price of formal suit was 700 thousand won and the time for purchasing was less than 3 months. They tended to purchase mostly by themselves on their own, and they purchase their own formal suit. Second, The body parts that influence the fit the most are in the order of waist circumference, shoulder width, chest circumference. Third, Regarding the difference of importance and satisfaction on the fit by body part that the middle and elderly women by body part, there was no significant different in neck circumference and shoulder swerve. Overweighing middle and elderly women showed difference in importance and satisfaction on all body parts. Underweighing middle-aged to aged women showed a significant difference in importance and satisfaction in the order of circumference of hips. Fourth, middle-aged women in 50s showed higher importance than satisfaction in the order of waist circumference, and elderly women in 60s should higher importance than satisfaction in rise length, jacket length. Aged women in 70s and above should significant difference only in the height of collar.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

This study was conducted to analyze the actual wearing conditions and body fit preferences of the middle-aged women's ready-to-wear lower body clothing. The aim was also to analyze lower body recognition, lower body satisfaction, fit preferences and size satisfaction according to age and degree of girth size. A questionnaire was developed and administered to 300 middle-aged women aged 34 to 59. Statistical tests such as descriptive analysis, crosstabs, and X²-tests were conducted to analyze the data and ascertain the differences between the ages. Lower body satisfaction and recognition were compared by T-test. Also, Anova was used to analyze lower body recognition, satisfaction, fit preferences, and size satisfaction according to age and degrees of girth size. The results indicated that women aged 50 to 59 were more dissatisfied with the ready-to-wear sizing system and because of their body shapes had changed, their need for a larger size range system had also increased. Moreover, the element that most affected their purchase of ready-to-wear lower body clothing was the design followed by the size. The women, especially of the ages 50 to 59, showed a tendency to he dissatisfied with their lower bodies and they recognized that their lower bodies had thickened compared to women aged 34 to 39 and 40 to 49. Analysis of body satisfaction, recognition, and fit preference according to girth size showed that the group of larger girth size recognized that their lower bodies were thicker and were more dissatisfied and preferred looser fittings than the groups of smaller women.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2016

This research was designed to analyze the relationship among depression level, body cathexis, and clothing behavioral attributes of middle-aged women. Respondents for questionnaire were middle-aged women aged from 40 to 59. A total of 197 responses were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 through t-test, and factor analysis with Varimax rotation. The results were as following. As older, the portion of depressed group increased. Higher in depression level, her body cathexis decreased, meaning those two valuables have negative relationship. Six clothing behavioral factors were extruded: style pursuit, body shaping, showing-off, comfort pursuit, recreativeness, and consciousness of others factor, which covers both physical and psychological aspects of middle-aged women. The difference between 40's and 50's was significant in depression level, however, not significant in body cathexis and clothing behavioral attributes. Except for weight, body cathexis satisfaction level of 'depressed group' were significantly lower than 'not-depressed group', meaning that psychological factor give a significant effect on body cathexis. 'Not-depressed group' tend to choose her own style and 'depressed group' more likely to be conscious of others and conform to the affiliation group. This finding implies that design and coordination of garments for middle-aged women could be recommended according to the depression level to improve the quality of life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.653-663
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ambivalent sexism and focusing manner on self-concept for middle-aged women, and to verify the factors that can help middle-aged women's positive self-concept. The self-concept scale, the focusing manner scale, and the ambivalent sexism scale were used for this study through the online community targeting middle-aged women aged 35 to 55. As a result of the analysis using SPSS 21.0, it was investigated that there was a significant positive correlation between hostile sexism and benevolent sexism. In addition, It was found out that ambivalent sexism had a significant negative effect on self-concept. It was found out that the high hostile sexism of ambialent sexism led to lowering the self esteem, emotional stability, problem solving stability, interpersonal relationship and interpersonal trust of middle-aged women. Focusing manner had a significant positive effect on self concept, but there were differences for each sub-factor. Express, accept, and keeping one's composure had a significant positive effect, while awareness had a negative effect, and reflecting attitude did not have a significant effect. Finally, limitations of this study were discussed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.254-261
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• 2007

Objective: This survey assessed the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction in middle-aged women regarding sexually related personal distress and examined the prevalence of perceived sexual dysfunction and perceived partners' dysfunction by women. Methods: One-hundred ten healthy community-based middle-aged women participated voluntarily, and validated questionnaires of the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Score(FSDS) were used. Results: The percentage of women having sexual dysfunction and sexual distress were 67% and 32% respectively according to the cut-off of FSFI and FSDS. The average score of FSFI was 23.5(s.d.=5.7), which was lower than the cut-off of FSFI, while the average score of FSDS was 13.2, which was in range of a normal score. When considering the two concepts simultaneously, the women were categorized into 4 groups: sexually stressed dysfunction group (24.8%), sexually depressed group(42.2%), sexually healthy group(25.7%), and sexually hyperactive group (7.3%). The percentage of women reporting sexual problems was 24.3%, while the percentage of women reporting sexual dysfunction in their partner was 29.9%. Conclusions: The results indicate a high rate of sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in middle-aged women. However, considering the relationships between sexual dysfunction and sexual distress, almost two thirds were in the sexually depressed group among the women having sexual dysfunction.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.89-97
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• 2016

The purposes of this study was to identify the significant predictors of depression. The data were collected using questionnaire from the sample of 114 middle-aged women and 125 middle-aged men. The data were collected through self-report questionnaires, which were constructed to include stress, self-esteem, and depression. Data were analyzed using frequencies, means, $X^2$-test, Analysis of Covariance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS 18.0. The significant predictors of depression for middle-aged women were stress(${\beta}=.387$, p<.001), self-esteem(${\beta}=-.249$, p<.05), health perception(${\beta}=-.191$, p<.05), explaining 43.1% of the variance in depression. The significant predictors of depression for middle-aged men were self-esteem(${\beta}=-.429$, p<.001), stress(${\beta}=.322$, p<.001), explaining 56.0% of the variance in depression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.128-141
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• 1996

The pourpose of this study is to determine the exact size which can be the basic elements of the fashion design with the measurement of middle-aged women's body, and to grasp the peculiar tomato type of the middle-aged women by compacting each measurement and examing the change of body shape. Making 215 house wives about 40 to 55 years old the subject of this research, we measured the body size from June to August, 1994. After analyzing the data through the 43 item.; of the body measurement, grasping the characteristics of the tomato type, we classified three types of physical standard and looked into the element of body structure. The results were as follows; 1. The average Rohrer index of middle-aged women in Tas-gu is about 1.5 and they usually seem to be fat compared with other groups. 2. Age has much influence on the body change of middle-aged women. Especially around 45 years old, the body change showed remarkable. 3. When analyzing the elements of the body measurement, the biggest elements of middle -aged women's body structure are in the items of width, thickness and girth related to the expansion of body line. Therefore in the middle age, the thickness and the girth have more influence on the human body than the height and the length, so the items of thickness and girth is the most important factor in the somato type. 4. In the slim body and standard body, the thirst factor is the items of height and length related to vertical size and the second is the items of width and thickness and girth. In ice fat body the first factor is the items of width, thickness, girth and the second is those of height, length. Unlike other body shapes, the fat body has many factors, which shows that the fat body has much variation in each part in proportion to fatness.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.107-126
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of married middle-aged men and women's gender-role identity, marital conflicts and psychological adjustment. Psychological adjustment was composed of mid life crisis, depression, and perceived happiness. The data of the study were collected from 397 married, middle aged men and women from 40 years to 59 years-old by using self-administered questionnaire method. The results showed that gender role identity was different according to sex. In addition, women's perceived level of marital conflict was found to be significantly different according to their gender role identity, indicating that androgynous women reported the lowest level of marital conflict. However, men's gender role conflict was not related to their marital conflict. Furthermore, men's psychological adjustment level was not different according to their gender role identity, while women's psychological adjustment differed, indicating that androgynous women reported the lowest level of psychological adjustment and the undifferentiated women the highest level of psychological adjustment. Finally, the result indicated that for both men and men, marital conflict were positively correlated with mid-crisis and depression, and negatively related with happiness.