• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2000

Radiation of Nd-YAG laser changes and refines the surface microstructure of steels, which gives rise to enhancement of hardness and resulting wear resistance. In the present work, the effect of processing parameters during the surface modification with laser on the wear behavior of the SM45C steel was studied by means of wear testing. The counter material was alumina ceramics. The microstructure observation revealed the dependence of molten depth and width on the defocusing distance. The laser modification of steel surface give rise to improved wear resistance in the testing speed range of either <0.2 m/s or >0.9 m/s Material transfer from steel was wear observated the surface of counter material when testing speed was lower than 0.7 m/s.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.347-354
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• 1998

Densification and grain growth behaviors of ITO ceramics were investigated as a function of TiO2 ad-ditions. TiO2 addition led to inhibition of the grain growth and promotion of the densification of ITO ceram-ics. From the microstructure observation it was found that the crack-like voids which were formed in pure ITO specimens decreased with increase of TiO2 additon. The grain growth exponent(n) was measur-ed to be 4 for pure ITO 3 for TiO2-doped ITO specimens respectively. It was supposed that the grain boun-dary migration of pure ITO ceramics was controlled by the pores which were moved by surface diffusion. On the contrary the grain boundary migration of TiO2-doped ITO specimens was depressed by solute drag effect. The activation energies for grain growth were measured to be 1013 kJ/mol for pure ITO ceramics and 460kJ/mol for TiO2-doped ITO specimens respectively.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.112-115
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• 2000

In this work the results of the systematic investigations on the effect of organic addition by using polymer compound as starting materials on the superconducting properties of YBCO electrophoretic deposited films on silver substrate are presented. The characteristics of the films were examined by X-ray diffraction and SEM observation. Our results show that the adhesion and microstructure of these films are sensitive to the nature of polymer compounds and sintering conditions (electrophoretic deposition, drying and heat-treatment procedures). To develop optimum microstructures for samples processed in this manner it is necessary to have an understanding of how these processes affect the microstructure and hence the properties of ceramic superconductors.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2003

$TiO_2$ nanopowder was synthesized by chemical vapor condensation (CVC) process and its photocatalytic property depending on microstructure was considered in terns of decomposition rate of organic compound. In order to control microstructure of $TiO_2$ nanopowder such as particle size and degree of agglomeration, precursor flow rate representing number concentration was changed as a process variable. In TEM observation, spherical $TiO_2$ nanoparticles with average size of 20 nm showed gradual increases in particle size and degree of agglomeration with increase of precursor flow rate. Also decomposition rate of organic compound increased with decreasing precursor flow rate. Thus, it was concluded that photocatalytic property was enhanced by targe surface area of disperse $TiO_2$ nanoparticles synthesized at lower precursor flow rate condition in CVC process.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2000

Ga이 함유된 Pd-Ga계 합금은 우수한 기계적 성질, 심미성 및 생체적합성등으로 차세대 치과 도재용 합금으로 주목 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 상용 77.3%Pd-6.0%Ga계 합금을 원심주조법으로 주조하고, 탈개스, 세라믹소성처리한 후 미세조직을 광학현미경, X-선 회절기, 투과전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. X-선 회절분석 및 투과전자현미경 관찰 결과, Pd고용체와 미세한 석출물에 의해 나타나는 줄무늬를 확인하였다. 공정점 86$0^{\circ}C$에서 5시간 유지시킨 상평형 열처리조건에서는 Pd고용체와 금속간화합물 Pd(sub)2Ga에 해당하는 보다 명확한 제한시야회절도형을 얻었다. 이러한 결과로 77.3%Pd-6.0%Ga계 합금은 Pd고용체와 미세한 구형의 금속간화합물 Pd(sub2)Ga으로 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.609-616
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• 1994

Investigation for the high strength grouts using ordinary cement mortar, melamine formaldehyde condensate (MFC) with various admixtures was carried out. The physical properties of the grouts were investigated through the observation of the microstructure and the application of fracture mechanics. When the lime stone and fly ash was added with 6 wt% to the grouts, the compressive strength was about 72 MPa, 69 MPa respectively, and the flexural strength was about 11.9 MPa, 11.4 MPa respectively, the Young's modulus was about 4.3 GPa, 3.9 GPa, and the critical stress intensity was about 7.3 ×10-1MNm-1.5, 6.8×10-1MNm-1.5 respectively. When the silica fume was added with 6 wt% to the grouts, the compressive strength and the flexural strength were 81 MPa, 12.3 MPa, Young's modulus was 4.8 GPa and the critical stress intensity was about 8.4×10-1MNm-1.5.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.254-261
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• 1998

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the low pressure die-cast Al wheels were investigated by microscope, image analyzer, NDT (non-destructive test), and tensile test. The variation of SDAS (secondary dendrite arm spacing), porosity per unit area, quality grade, and tensile properties with the mold temperatures were examined. SDAS was gradually decreased with a decrease in temperature. However, the lowest value of porosity per unit area was observed at the mold temperature of $405^{\circ}C$ and the optimum mold temperature was found to be $405^{\circ}C$. Besides, from the observation of pore morphology, it was also found that the pore formation was mainly caused by shrinkage during solidification. The tensile strength, elongation, and impact toughness were markedly decreased, however the yield strength was nearly constant. The decrease of mechanical properties is attributed to the increase of porosity.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.202-205
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• 2000

The effect of two step cold rolling and intermediate annealing conditions on the microstructure and texture evolution in type 430 stainless steel has been investigated tin order to improve ridging characteristic and deep drawability. The rolling and recrystallization textures were examined by orientation distributionfunction(ODF) and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD). The observation showed that the intensity of ${\gamma}$-fiber was increased with two-step cold rolling process and so ridging characteristic and deep drawability were considerably improved. The relation between these properties an texture evolution has been discussed.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2011

In this study, the change in diffusion coefficient and wear characteristic with depth in the carbonitriding layer of SCM415 steel was discussed. To determine the diffusion coefficient, depth profile of carbon was measured from the surface using the Glow Discharge Spectrometer. In otherwise, measurements of carbide fraction, micro vickers hardness of surface and observation of microstructure have been implemented through the SEM image. $Fe_3$(C,N) layer and effective depth were increased as the time for carbonitriding takes longer. According to wear experiment, the results showed that wear resistance was improved by $Fe_3$(C,N) layer and effective depth.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1390-1395
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• 1999

Zr(Y,Ce)O2 TZP ceramics were prepared by sintering compacts of 3 mol% Y2O3-TZP(3Y-TZP) powders with different amount of 12 mol% CeO2-TZP(12Ce-TZP) in air at 140$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. The phase changes microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr(Y. Ce)O2 TZP after hydrothermal aging(20$0^{\circ}C$ 5h) were investigated. Although an addition of 12Ce-TZP accelerated the grain growth of Zr(Y, Ce)O2 TZP it restrained the transformation of tetragonal to the monoclinic phase during aging. The degradation in mechanical properties of sintered bodies was governed by the formed monoclinic phase and chemical composition. Induced Vickers indentation crack was propagated intergranually. From SEM observation of the fracture surfaces the pull-out of individual grain was confirmed.