• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.89-95
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• 1997

A simulation to investigate the thermal behavior in short fiber or whisker reinforced composite materials has been performed for the application to the thermoelastic stress analysis using Finite Element Method (FEM). To obtain the internal field quantities of composite material, the procedure of micromechanical modeling and the principle of virtual work were implemented. For the numerical illustration, an aligned axisymmetric single fiber model has been employed to assess field quantities. It was found that the proposed simulation methodology for thermoelastic stress analysis is applicable to the complicated inhomogeneous solid for the investigation of micromechanical thermoelastic behavior.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2016

A poroelastic composite material, containing different material phases and filled with fluids, serves as a model to formulate the overall ablative behaviors of such materials. This article deals with the assessment of variation in nondeterministic poroelastic properties of two-phase composite materials using micromechanical representative volume element (RVE) models. Considering the configuration and arrangement of pores in a matrix phase, various RVEs are modeled and analyzed according to their porosity. In order to quantitatively investigate the effects of microstructure, changes in effective elastic moduli and poroelastic parameters are measured via finite element (FE) analysis. The poroelastic parameters are calculated from the effective elastic moduli and the pore-pressure-induced strains. The reliability of the numerical results is verified through image-based FE models with the actual shape of pores in carbon-phenolic ablative materials. Additionally, the variation of strain energy density is measured, which can possibly be used to evaluate microstress concentrations.

• Carbon letters
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2010

This study investigates the effect of filler content (wt%), presence of interphase and agglomerates on the effective Young's modulus of polypropylene (PP) based nanocomposites reinforced with exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets ($xGnP^{TM}$) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The Young's modulus of the composites is determined using tensile testing based on ASTM D638. The reinforcement/polymer interphase is characterized in terms of width and mechanical properties using atomic force microscopy which is also used to investigate the presence and size of agglomerates. It is found that the interphase has an average width of ~30 nm and modulus in the range of 5 to 12 GPa. The Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model is modified to account for the effect of interphase and filler agglomerates and the model predictions for the effective modulus of the composites are compared to the experimental data. The presented results highlight the need of considering various experimentally observed filler characteristics such as agglomerate size and aspect ratio and presence and properties of interphase in the micromechanical models in order to develop better design tools to fabricate multifunctional polymer nanocomposites with engineered properties.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.579-585
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 분사식 섬유보강 코팅층(sprayed fiber reinforced polymer, SFRP)으로 보강된 RC보의 성능평가를 위하여 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 미세역학을 기반으로 한 구성모델(micromechanical constitutive model)(Lee, 2001)과 손상모델(Damage models)(Lee 등, 2000; 2005)을 결합시킨 손상구성모델(damage constitutive model)을 유한요소 프로그램인 ABAQUS에 적용하였다. 유한요소해석 결과를 실험값(Ha, 2007; Ha 등, 2009)과 비교하여 손상구성모델의 정확성을 증명하고자 하였다. 비교분석 결과, 손상구성모델을 유한요소 프로그램에 적용한 해석은 실험결과(Ha, 2007; Ha 등, 2009)를 비교적 잘 예측하고 있음을 보여주었다.

• Composites Research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 3차원 직교 직물 복합재료의 구성성분인 얀(Yarn)의 기하학적인 형상을 고려하여 직접수치모사(DNS) 모델을 개발하고 이를 이용하여 직교 직물 복합재료 평판의 저속충격 현상을 모사하였다. 미시구조를 보다 상세하고 정확하게 고려하기 위하여 토우 간격과 굴곡 등을 고려한 단위 구조를 제시하고 이를 이용하여 DNS 기반의 평판모델을 구현하였다. 정적 가상 실험을 통하여 얻은 DNS 모델의 거시적 등가 물성치를 바탕으로 한 거시기계학적 해석과의 비교하였고, DNS 모델을 이용하여 기존의 거시기계학적 모델에서 구현이 어려운 기하학적인 형상 차이에 따른 저속충격 현상의 영향을 고찰하였다. 그리고 보다 실제 실험에 가까운 가상 시편의 크기를 고려하고 해석의 효율성을 높이기 위하여 DNS개념에 기반한 멀티스케일 모델을 개발하여 거시/미시 해석 결과 특성을 함께 고찰하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.383-391
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• 1997

The prediction of effective properties of heterogeneous material like concrete is of primary importance in design or analysis. This paper os about micromechanice-based evaluation of elastic moduli of concretes considering composite material behavior. In this study, micromechanixe-based schemes for the effective elastic modui of the lightweight foamed concrete and the normal concrete are proposed based on averaging techniques using a single-layered inclusion model and a multi-phase and multi-layered inclusion model. respectively, For the verification's sake, elastic moduli evaluated in this study are compared with experimental data and results by existing formula.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.961-968
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 미시역학 전산 모형을 통해 열 보호 시스템에 사용되는 내열 코팅 재료의 유효 열전도도와 탄성 계수를 산출하고 분석하였다. 상용 프로그램 Simpleware를 이용하여 HfC로 코팅된 탄소/탄소 복합재료의 삼차원 전산 모형을 생성한 후 유한요소 해석을 수행하였다. 유효 물성의 경향을 확인하기 위해 코팅층의 기공도와 두께 변화를 고려하였다. 또한, 실제 시편을 제작하여 실험에서 온도에 따라 측정된 열전도도와 해석에서 산출된 열전도도를 서로 비교하였으며 해석 결과가 측정값에 근접하였다. 이를 통해 내열 코팅 재료의 유효 물성을 산출하는데 있어서 미시역학 전산 해석이 적절함을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.275-290
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• 2021

The main purpose of this research work is to investigate the critical buckling load of functionally graded (FG) porous plates with graphene platelets (GPLs) reinforcement using generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method at thermal condition. It is supposed that the GPL nanofillers and the porosity coefficient vary continuously along the plate thickness direction. Generally, the thermal distribution is considered to be nonlinear and the temperature changing continuously through the thickness of the nanocomposite plates according to the power-law distribution. To model closed cell FG porous material reinforced with GPLs, Halpin-Tsai micromechanical modeling in conjunction with Gaussian-Random field scheme are used, through which mechanical properties of the structures can be extracted. Based on the third order shear deformation theory (TSDT) and the Hamilton's principle, the equations of motion are established and solved for various boundary conditions (B.Cs). The fast rate of convergence and accuracy of the method are investigated through the different solved examples and validity of the present study is evaluated by comparing its numerical results with those available in the literature. A special attention is drawn to the role of GPLs weight fraction, GPLs patterns through the thickness, porosity coefficient and distribution of porosity on critical buckling load. Results reveal that the importance of thermal condition on of the critical load of FGP-GPL reinforced nanocomposite plates.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 1997년도 추계학술강연 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.7-7
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• 1997

During sintering of very porous green bodies, as obtained by compaction of hard powders - such as tungsten carbide or ceramics - or by injection moulding, important shrinkage occurs. Due to heterogeneous green density field, gravity effects, friction on the support, thermal gradients, etc., this shrinkage is often non-uniform, which' may induce significant shape changes. As the ratio of compact dimension to powder size is very high, the mechanics of continuum is relevant to model such phenomena. Thus numerical techniques, such as the finite element method can be used to simulate the sintering process and predict the final shape of the sintered part. Such type of simulation has much been developed in the last decade firstly for hot isostatic pressing and next for die compaction. Finite element modelling has been recently applied to free sintering. The simulation of sintering should be based on constitutive equations describing the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the material under any state of stress and any temperature which may arise within the sintering body. These equations can be drawn either from experimental data or from micromechanical models. The experiments usually consist in free sintering and sinter-forging tests. Indeed applying more complex loading conditions at high temperature under controlled atmosphere is delicate. Micromechanical models describe the constitutive behaviour of aggregates of spheres from the deformation of two-sphere contact either by viscous flow or grain boundary diffusion. Such models are not able to describe complex microstructure and mechanisms as observed in real materials but they can give some basic information on the formulation of constitutive equations. Practically both experimental and theoretical approaches can be coupled to identify the constitutive equations. Such procedure has been performed for modelling the sintering of compacts obtained by die pressing of a mixture of tungsten carbide and cobalt powders. The constitutive behaviour of this material during sintering has been described by a linear viscous constitutive model, whose functions have been fitted from results of free sintering and sinter-forging experiments. This model has next been introduced in ABAQUS finite element code to simulate the sintering of heterogeneous green compacts of various geometries at constant temperature. Examples of simulations are shown and compared with experiments.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2020

The present paper outlined a procedure for geometrically nonlinear dynamic analysis of functionally graded graphene platelets-reinforced (GPLR-FG) nanocomposite cylinder subjected to mechanical shock loading. The governing equation of motion for large deformation problems is derived using meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method based on total lagrangian approach. In the MLPG method, the radial point interpolation technique is employed to construct the shape functions. A micromechanical model based on the Halpin-Tsai model and rule of mixture is used for formulation the nonlinear functionally graded distribution of GPLs in polymer matrix of composites. Energy dissipation in analyses of the structure responding to dynamic loads is considered using the Rayleigh damping. The Newmark-Newton/Raphson method which is an incremental-iterative approach is implemented to solve the nonlinear dynamic equations. The results of the proposed method for homogenous material are compared with the finite element ones. A very good agreement is achieved between the MLPG and FEM with very fine meshing. In addition, the results have demonstrated that the MLPG method is more effective method compared with the FEM for very large deformation problems due to avoiding mesh distortion issues. Finally, the effect of GPLs distribution on strength, stiffness and dynamic characteristics of the cylinder are discussed in details. The obtained results show that the distribution of GPLs changed the mechanical properties, so a classification of different types and volume fraction exponent is established. Indeed by comparing the obtained results, the best compromise of nanocomposite cylinder is determined in terms of mechanical and dynamic properties for different load patterns. All these applications have shown that the present MLPG method is very effective for geometrically nonlinear analyses of GPLR-FG nanocomposite cylinder because of vanishing mesh distortion issue in large deformation problems. In addition, since in proposed method the distributed nodes are used for discretization the problem domain (rather than the meshing), modeling the functionally graded media yields to more accurate results.