• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1344-1348
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• 2008

본 연구는 고삼추출물과 황금추출물의 항균활성을 스킨케어화장품의 기본제형인 화장수, 로션에 적용, 관찰하여 식물유래의 천연항균제로써의 화장품에서의 방부시스템을 연구하였다. Test group에 고삼추출물 1%와 황금 추출물 1%, 0.5%씩의 고삼추출물과 황금추출물을 함유시켜 parabens와 imidazolidinyl urea가 함유된 positive control을 Escherichia coil, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aures, Candida albicans의 4가지 균에 대하여 실험하였다. 그 결과 고삼추출물과 황금추출물이 함유된 group은 control과 비교하여 4가지 균에 대하여 우수한 항균활성을 보였다. 고삼추출물과 황금추출물을 함께 사용하였을 때의 항균활성은 positive control과 비슷하게 나타나므로써 탁월한 항균활성을 보였다.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

The purpose of this research was first to analyse and compare the types of microbes inherent among the unwashed and washed Kupori textiles, and second to investigate whether there is a difference between unwashed and washed Kupori textiles on the susceptibility of contamination by microorganism when exposed to the same microbial environment. Microbial identification procedure and the Shake Flask Test for investigating the effect of exposure to microbial environment were carried out separately. The result of microbial identification procedure indicated that a variety of bacteria and fungi were inherent in both unwashed and washed textiles and that the population of contaminated microorganism became more diverse after washing. The result of Shake Flask Test indicated that given the same exposure condition, the unwashed textiles tend to be more susceptible to bacterial contamination than the washed textiles. The results of the present study supported the current conservation procedures adopted in Korean museums which include washing and humigation procedures before long-term storage or display of exhumed textiles.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.707-713
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• 2012

There are a lot of parameters affecting microbial acclimation/cultivation characteristics such as dynamic conditions, F/M ratio and substrate affinity. From the process control point of view, the effect of high salinity on the removal efficiencies of BOD and SS have been documented by few researchers. In this research, lab-scale CAS(Conventional Activated Sludge) process and modified $A_2O$(Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic) process were operated and monitored to evaluate the characteristics of microbial acclimation and cultivation under high salinity wastewater during the period of three weeks. As a result of acute microbial activity test(6hr) at various $Cl^-$ concentration, the appropriate $Cl^-$ concentration for microbial growth and acclimation ranged under 3,100 mg/l. As a result of acclimation/cultivation test, the trend of COD removal efficiency reduced gradually as time elapsed. It is considered that $NH_4$-N removal phenomenon of the conventional pollutants removal mechanisms gave little effect to the microbial acclimation/cultivation under high salinity wastewater.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2005

Skin patch test and antibacterial properties of the reaction products between poly(hexamethyl biguanide) hydrochloride and trimethylol melamine on textile fabrics were examined. Antibacterial activities of anti-microbial agent treated samples are very good. The reduction ratios against four kinds of colonies are 99.9 % after repeated laundering ten times. Skin patch test results for anti-microbial agent treated samples are almost-negative by Hi-scope judgement and macroscopical judgement.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.278-285
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• 1998

The microdilution assay recommended by NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) is one of the standardized methods of antibiotic susceptibility test. This method has been widely used clinically to obtain MIC values of antibiotics on pathogenic microorganisms. It is more convenient, rapid and simple to test many samples than other test methods such as agar diffusion assay and broth macrodilution assay. The screening of antimicrobial agents from microbial extracts is too laborious in its process. Therefore, a number of screening methods having more simple procedure have been developed. In our laboratory, we applied microdilution assay for screening the antimicrobial agents. This assay showed dose-response results and was more sensitive than disc diffusion assay in our system. We tested 200 samples of microbial extracts originated from 100 microbial strains and selected several samples as potential candidates. In this report, we show that the microdilution assay is more convenient method in screeing of antibiotic susceptibility than those previously reported.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.4.1-4.9
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aims to correlate caries-causing microorganism load, lactic acid estimation, and blood groups to high caries risk in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and low caries risk in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: This study includes 30 participants divided into 3 groups: Group A, High-risk caries diabetic individuals; Group B, High-risk caries non-diabetic individuals; and Group C, Low-risk caries individuals. The medical condition, oral hygiene, and caries risk assessment (American Dental Association classification and International Caries Detection and Assessment System scoring) were documented. Each individual's 3 mL of saliva was analyzed for microbial load and lactic acid as follows: Part I: 2 mL for microbial quantity estimation using nutrient agar and blood agar medium, biochemical investigation, and carbohydrate fermentation tests; Part II: 0.5 mL for lactic acid estimation using spectrophotometric analysis. Among the selected individuals, blood group correlation was assessed. The χ² test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and post hoc analysis were done using Dunn's test (p < 0.05). Results: Group A had the highest microbial load and lactic acid concentration, followed by Groups B and C. The predominant bacteria were Lactobacilli (63.00 ± 15.49) and Streptococcus mutans (76.00 ± 13.90) in saliva. Blood Group B is prevalent in diabetic and non-diabetic high-risk caries patients but statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Diabetic individuals are more susceptible to dental caries due to high microbial loads and increased lactic acid production. These factors also lower the executing tendency of neutrophils, which accelerates microbial accumulation and increases the risk of caries in diabetic individuals.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1999년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.28-31
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to see the effect of microbial population and dynamics of the indigeonous microorganisms on hydrocarbon contaminated areas. The microbial structures and activities to determine the microbial capabilities of the contaminated sites are very important for the remedial action technology selection. Throughout microbial studies on different conditions by ETS(Electron Transport System) and microbial activity analysis, it was found that aeration and water contents are the most important factors in this site remediation. According to test results, Burkholderia spp. was dominant species, and acclimation is also an important factor for the accerelated biodegradation.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.3-16
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• 1996

This study was investigated to the effect of oxygen barrier of four different packaging films of the shelf life of proessed meat product by the simulated distribution test and storage test. The microbial growth, pH, VBN content, TBA value, color change and sensory evaluation were compared during the 2-month storage period at 4, 10, $20^{\circ}C$ after finished the simulated distribution test. The oxygen transmission rates ($cc/m^2$ day) were BF001: 27,88; BF003; 12.30;NY; 77.98; EVOM; 0.41 respectively. The packaging films were not effected on the changes of pH, VBN content, TBA value and color during the storage period. The aerobic microbial growth was increased only at $20^{\circ}C$ in the order of growth rate in the following films;NY > BF001 > BF003 > EVOH. Therefore, the microbial growth was affected significantly by the properties of oxygen barrier off packaging films and it should be an indicator of establishing the shelf life processed meat product.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2000

The preliminary screening of several cyanobacteria, using mice bioassay, reveale the production of a hepatotoxin by the cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. strain BT 23 isolated from soil. An intraperitoneal injection of the crude toxin (LD50 56 mg/kg body wt) from this strain caused the death of the mice within 40 min, and the anmals showed slinical signs of mice within 40 min, and the animals showed clinical signs of hepatotoxicity. The toxin was purified and partially characterized. The active fraction appears to be nonpolar in nature and shows absorption peaks at 240 and 285 nm. The purified toxin had an LD50 of TEX>$100<\mu\textrm{g}/kg$ body wt and the test mice died within 40 min of toxin administration. The toxin-treated mice showed a 1.65-fold increase in liver weight at 40 min and the liver color chnged to dark red due to intrahepatic hemorrhage and pooling of blood. Furthermore, the administration of the toxin to test mice induced a 2.58, 2.63, and 2.30-fold increse in the activity of the serum enzymes alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase, respectively. Further experiments with the 14C-labeled toxin revealed a maximum accumulation of the toxin in the liver. The clinical symptoms in the mice were similar to those produced by microcystin-L.R. These results suggest that hepatotoxins may also be produced in non bloom-forming planktonic cyanobacteria.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

한약재는 생산, 가공, 유통과정에서 적절한 보관. 관리가 이루어지지 않으면 미생물 증식 가능성이 크고 이로 인한 부패나 변질이 우려되며 한약 품질 저하를 가져올 수 있다. 한약재 미생물허용한도에 대한 각 나라별 규격기준을 보면 유렵약국, 도일약국에서는 호기성균의 미생물오염한도(microbial contamination limit)를 10 CFU/g 이하로 규격화하고 있다. 또한 미국약국 NF(US phamacopeia & National Formulary)에서는 생약의 미생물 한도치를 유럽약국과 같은 정도의 규격설정을 하고 있다. 특히 일본의 경우 일본약국방(日本藥局方) 및 국방외생약규격집(局方外生藥規格集)에 의해서 한약의 품질을 유지하고 있고, 미생물학적 품질관리 실태조사가 체계적으로 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3개 지역에서 각각 1곳의 약업사를 정하여 대상품목 총 30종을 선정하였다. 실험의 재료는 문헌과 자료조사에 의해 미생물에 의한 오염이 용이한 품목 18종, 육진약(六陳藥)에 속하는 6종, 그리고 육미지황환을 구성하는 6종을 구입하여 대한약전 8개정의 미생물한도 시험법에 따라 시험하였다. 한약재에 대한 미생물 오염 실태조사를 통하여 미생물 허용한도를 설정하는데 기초 자료로 제시하고자 한다. 한약재 미생물 오염 실태조사 결과 WHO 미생물한도 기준을 적용하였을 때, 전체적으로 진균의 오염이 높은 경향을 보였고 향후 한약재에 대한 미생물오염도 모니터링을 지속적으로 하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.