• Clean Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.232-240
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• 2016

Recently, various research studies have been conducted and many are in progress for the suitable alternative materials for ITO based touch screen panel (TSP) due to limitations in size and flexibility. Various researches from all over the world have been attempted to fabricate the fine electrode less than $5{\mu}m$ for the rapid developing of display technology. Research is also being carried out in metal mesh methods using the existing technologies and alternative materials at commercial level. However, by using the existing technologies certain discrepancies are observed like low transparency and low yield which also results in the distortion of patterns. For repairing the damaged pattern, the conventional laser CVD technique has also been used but there are some challenges observed in CVD technique like achieving a stable fine electrode of $10{\mu}m$ or less and avoiding the formation of satellite drops. To overcome these issues, a new printing process named Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing, has been introduced by which $5{\mu}m$ fine patterns can be printed in one step. This EHDA printing technique has been applied to print very fine electrodes of $5{\mu}m$ or less by using conductive inks of various viscosities. This study also presents the optimized process parameters for printing $5{\mu}m$ fine electrode patterns during experiments by controlling the applied voltage and supply flow rate. The $5{\mu}m$ repair electrodes were fabricated for repairing $50{\mu}m$ shorted electrode samples.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_1
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• pp.1339-1348
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• 2020

Phytoplankton controls marine ecosystems in terms of nutrients, photosynthetic rate, carbon cycle, etc. and the degree of its influence on the marine environment depends on their physical size. Many studies have been attempted to identify marine phytoplankton size classes using the remote sensing techniques. One of successful approach was the three-component model which estimates the chlorophyll concentrations of three phytoplankton size classes (micro-phytoplankton; >20 ㎛, nano-; 2-20 ㎛ and pico-; <2 ㎛) as a function of total chlorophyll. Here, we examined the applicability of Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI) to the mapping of the phytoplankton size class distribution in the East Sea. A fit of the three-component model to a biomarker pigment dataset collected in the study area for some years including a large harmful algal bloom period has been carried out to derive size-fractioned chlorophyll concentration (CHL). The tuned three-component model was applied to the hourly GOCI images to identify the fractions of each phytoplankton size class for the entire CHL. Then, we investigated the distribution of phytoplankton community in terms of the size structure in the East Sea during the harmful Cochlodinium polykrikoides blooms in the summer of 2013.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.15 no.spc2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2000

Four plasma instruments are currently under development for KAISTSAT-4 (K-4) which is scheduled for launch in 2002. They are the Solid-State Telescope, Electro-Static Analyzer, Langmuir Probe, and the Scientific Magnetometer, that will respectively allow in-situ detection of high energy and low energy components of auroral particles, ionospheric thermal electrons, and magnetic field disturbances. These instruments, together with the Far-ultraviolet IMaging Spectrograph, will provide micro-scale physics of Earth's polar ionosphere with detailed spectral information that has not been previously achieved with other space missions. In this paper, we review the concept of the four space plasma instruments as well as the anticipated results from the instruments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.2236-2245
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• 1997

The DBS system is being highlighted as actual area for the information societics. Specially, the DBS have been proposed very useful system to access the broading service in more widely sea. But the antenna tracking system for maritime DBS receiving is requried complicated control system because of the those complex motion represented pitching, rolling and yowing etc. Our resesrch target is a development of tracking system to the KOREASEA(MUGUNGWHA-1,2) for the applicated small size shipping. So our development focus was concentrated the two development direction. The first focus was represented low-cost system for popularization of small-size shipping around sea of the Korea peninsula. The second focus was an adaptive possibilities with domestic eqdupiment which was developed satellite receiving for KOREASAT. The anntenna mount is designed a compact size and easy operation use to the Az/El 2-axis type which is operated by step motor. And this mount type is very useful on a ship in the near sea of Korea peninsula. Basic tracking method is used th step-tracking algorithm, and the ship's moving compensation is adapted to the closed loop control method by ship's moving detection of gyro sensor. Control part is consists of converter, countertime, VCO, micro-computer and it's software. Testing the operation by the ship's moving simulator, and algorithm is designed tracking and moving compensation by receiving state.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2004

Objectives: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common head and neck malignant tumor. The molecular genetic changes involving both oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are known to be involved in head and neck squamous cell carcinogenesis, but the roles of the known tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis are not fully elucidated. The objectives of this study are to demonstrate the genetic alterations including the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) , amplification, and microsatellite instability of known tumor suppressor genes in HNSCC and to evaluate the relationship between genetic alterations of tumor suppressor genes and clinicopathologic features. Materials and Methods: Genetic alterations of 10 micro satellite markers of the 6 known tumor suppressor genes (APC, EXT1, DPC4, p16, FHIT, and PTEN) were analysed by DNA-PCR in paraffin-embedded histologically confirmed HNSCC specimens. Results: The genetic alterations of tumor suppressor genes were found frequently. Among the genetic alterations, LOH was most frequently found one. LOH was found frequently in APC (45.4%), EXT1 (36.4%), DPC4 (54.5%), and p16 (50%), but not found in FHIT. Also, the author found that abnormalities of APC gene was related to cervical lymph node metastasis and recurrence and that abnormalities of EXT1 gene were coexisted with those of APC gene or DPC4 gene. But these coexistences had no correlation with clinical features. Conclusion: These results suggested that APC, EXT1, p16, and DPC4 genes might play important roles and multiple tumor suppressor genes may participate dependently or independently in the carcinogenesis of HNSCC. These results also suggested that APC gene might relate to prognosis.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.39.2-39.2
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• 2010

In this paper, I present the domestic development of near infrared camera systems for the ground telescope and the space satellite. These systems are the first infrared instruments made for astronomical observation in Korea. KASINICS (KASI Near Infrared Camera System) was developed to be installed on the 1.8m telescope of the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) in Korea. KASINICS is equipped with a $512{\times}512$ InSb array enable L band observations as well as J, H, and Ks bands. The field-of-view of the array is $3.3'{\times}3.3'$ with a resolution of 0.39"/pixel. It employs an Offner relay optical system providing a cold stop to eliminate thermal background emission from the telescope structures. From the test observation, limiting magnitudes are J=17.6, H=17.5, Ks=16.1 and L(narrow)=10.0 mag at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 in an integration time of 100 s. MIRIS (Multi-purpose InfraRed Imaging System) is the main payload of the STSAT-3 in Korea. MIRIS Space Observation Camera (SOC) covers the observation wavelength from $0.9{\mu}m$ to $2.0{\mu}m$ with a wide field of view $3.67^{\circ}{\times}3.67^{\circ}$. The PICNIC HgCdTe detector in a cold box is cooled down below 100K by a micro Stirling cooler of which cooling capacity is 220mW at 77K. MIRIS SOC adopts passive cooling technique to chill the telescope below 200K by pointing to the deep space (3K). The cooling mechanism employs a radiator, a Winston cone baffle, a thermal shield, MLI of 30 layers, and GFRP pipe support in the system. Opto-mechanical analysis was made in order to estimate and compensate possible stresses from the thermal contraction of mounting parts at cryogenic temperatures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of mechanical structure was also conducted to ensure safety and stability in launching environments and in orbit. MIRIS SOC will mainly perform the Galactic plane survey with narrow band filters (Pa $\alpha$ and Pa $\alpha$ continuum) and CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background) observation with wide band filters (I and H) driven by a cryogenic stepping motor.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2017

Large satellite development programs might take decades to build, launch and operate in space environments at costs in excess of a billion dollars. However, small satellites can reduce the costs not only by using commercial software and sensors, but also by shortening the development period to two years or less. In this paper, we discuss the development status of small satellites, and propose some military applications of small satellites. First, we describe the industrial trends of small satellites in advanced countries such as the United States and Japan. Also, we describe the development status of small satellites in Korea. Military applications are largely classified into education, research, and operational purposes. Small satellites are developing rapidly in commercial markets and they will play an important role in military sector. Therefore, the military should consider small satellites as important strategic assets in future conflicts and provide means to develop them.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

The analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) is an efficient approach for gene discovery, expression profiling, and the development of resources for functional genomics. To analyze the transcriptome of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai, we conducted EST analysis using seven cDNA libraries made from gill, gut, hepatopancreas, skin, muscle, testis, and ovary. Redundant ESTs were assembled into overlapping contiguous sequences using the assembly program ICAtools. We found that the total 1,393 ESTs formed 135 clusters and 951 singletons, indicating that the overall redundancy of the library was 22%. Of the 1,393 clones, BLAST identified 1,278 clones (91.7%) as known genes; 115 clones (8.3%) did not match any previously described gene. Based on the major functions of their encoded proteins, the identified clones were classified into 16 broad categories. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of micro satellite-containing genes that may be valuable for further gene mapping studies. This study contributes to the identification of numerous EST clones that can be applied to further clarifying the genetics and developmental biology of abalone.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.46-58
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• 2018

A two-axis gimbal-type X-band antenna is widely used to transmit bulk image data from high-resolution observation satellites. However, undesirable microvibrations induced by driving the antenna should be attenuated, because they are a main cause of image-quality degradation of the observation satellite. In this study, a pseudoelastic memory alloy (SMA) gear was proposed to attenuate the microvibrations by driving the antenna in an azimuth angle. In addition, the proposed gear can overcome the limitations of the conventional titanium blade gear, which is not still enough and is vulnerable to plastic deformations under excessive torque. To investigate the basic characteristics of the proposed SMA mesh washer gear, a static load test was performed on the thickness of the SMA mesh washer and the rotation of the gear. Moreover, The microvibration measurement test demonstrated that the SMA mesh washer gear proposed in this study is effective for microvibration attenuation.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2012

A total of 85 Chinese-origin silkworm strains preserved in Korea were genotyped for eight polymorphic micro-satellite loci. We obtained per-locus number of alleles, ranging from 5 to 14 with an average value of 9.5, perlocus observed heterozygosity, ranging from 0.07 to 0.99, and per-locus polymorphic information content (PIC), ranging from 0.34 to 0.82, indicating that some loci are highly variable. Phylogenetic analysis with the eight concatenated microsatellite loci showed no clustering on the basis of known strain characteristics. A total of 22 strain-specific apomorphic alleles, which discriminate 19 among 85 silkworm strains were obtained from eight loci. These strain-specific alleles, thus, can casually be utilized for the discrimination of applicable strains without any further typing of other loci. Furthermore, a substantial number of homozygote strains, represented by 27 among 76 alleles in eight loci were found. These results collectively suggest that the silkworm microsatellite DNA is actually and potentially important molecular markers for the eventual discrimination of silkworm strains that are preserved as hundreds in Korea.