• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1811-1821
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• 2018

Obesity is generally caused by quantitative changes in adipocyte differentiation and fat metabolism. Only a few studies have been determined the effect of red beans extract on obesity and plasma cholesterol concentration. We have been studied the functional activities of red-bean extracts including anti-oxidative effect against DNA and cell damages. Histological study including micro CT analysis showed that the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes and intestines was significantly decreased in red bean extract treated group. In addition, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were decreased in blood samples. In addition, it was confirmed that the red bean extract inhibited the expression of $PPAR{\gamma}$, Fabp4 and RETN genes, which regulate total adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. Red bean extract inhibits the expressions of transcription factors associated with adipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, thereby inhibiting fat accumulation and decreasing blood lipid levels in obese mice induced by high fat diet.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2002

One of the latest concepts in bonding are "total etch", in which both enamel and dentin are etched with an acid to remove the smear layers, and "wet dentin" in which the dentin is not dry but left moist before application of the bonding primer Ideally the application of a bonding agent to tooth structure should be insensitive to minor contamination from oral fluids. Clinically, contaminations such as saliva, gingival fluid, blood and handpiece lubricant are often encountered by dentists during cavity preparation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of contamination by hemostatic agents on shear bond strength of compomer restorations. One hundred and ten extracted human maxillary and mandibular molar teeth were collected. The teeth were removed soft tissue remnant and debris and stored in physiologic solution until they were used. Small flat area on dentin of the buccal surface were wet ground serially with 400, 800 and 1200 abrasive papers on automatic polishing machine. The teeth were randomly divided into 11 groups. Each group was conditioned as follows : Group 1: Dentin surface was not etched and not contaminated by hemostatic agents. Group 2: Dentin surface was not etched but was contaminated by Astringedent$^{\circledR}$(Ultradent product Inc., Utah, U.S.A.) Group 3: Dentin surface was not etched but was contaminated by Bosmin$^{\circledR}$(Jeil Pharm, Korea.). Group 4: Dentin surface was not etched but was contaminated by Epri-dent$^{\circledR}$(Epr Industries, NJ, U.S.A.). Group 5: Dentin surface was etched and not contaminated by hemostatic agents. Group 6: Dentin sorface was etched and contaminated by Astringedent$^{\circledR}$. Group 7 : Dentin surface was etched and contaminated by Bosmin$^{\circledR}$. Group 8: Dentin surface was etched and contaminated by Epri-dent$^{\circledR}$. Group 9: Dentin surface was contaminated by Astringedent$^{\circledR}$. The contaminated surface was rinsed by water and dried by compressed air. Group 10: Dentin surface was contaminated by Bosmin$^{\circledR}$. The contaminated surface was rinsed by water and dried by compressed air. Group 11 : Dentin surface was contaminated by Epri-dent$^{\circledR}$. The contaminated surface was rinsed by water and dried by compressed air. After surface conditioning, F2000$^{\circledR}$ was applicated on the conditoned dentin surface The teeth were thermocycled in distilled water at 5$^{\circ}C$ and 55$^{\circ}C$ for 1,000 cycles. The samples were placed on the binder with the bonded compomer-dentin interface parallel to the knife-edge shearing rod of the Universal Testing Machine(Zwick Z020, Zwick Co., Germany) running at a cross head speed or 1.0 mm/min. Group 2 showed significant decrease in shear bond strength compared with group 1 and group 6 showed significant decrease in shear bond strength compared with group 5. There were no significant differences in shear bond strength between group 5 and group 9, 10 and 11.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.249-259
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was to identify the relationship between transformational leadership of nurse managers and autonomy, empowerment of nurses. Method: The subjects were 468 nurses and 19 head nurses were working at the 3 general hospitals in seoul. The data were collected from July 6 to September 14, 2001 by the structured questionnaires. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SAS package were used. Result: 1) 'Autonomy' and 'Empowerment' were positively related to 'Total Transformational Leadership', 'Charisma', 'intellectual stimulation', 'individual consideration'($r=.18{\sim}24$, $r=.26{\sim}36$, p<.001). 2) 'Transformational leadership' showed a significant difference according to major field of practice(F=4.47, p<.001). 3) 'Autonomy' showed a significant difference according to age, education level, total numbers of years in nursing practice, and position in present(F=3.68, 3.27, 3.13, 4.34, p<.05). 4) 'Empowerment' showed a significant difference according to age, marital status, education level, major field of practice, total numbers of years in nursing practice, and position in present(F=16.02, t=9.04, F=6.97, 1.86, 15.71, 11.38, p<.05). 5) As a result of regression analysis, the key determinants of 'autonomy' were 'Charisma' and this explained 10.61% of the total variance of it. And the key determinants of 'empowerment' were 'intellectual stimulation' and this explained 16.01% of the total variance of it.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.573-576
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• 2016

In this study, hydrogenation of 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene was performed to produce R-1234yf as an environmentally friendly refrigerant. Palladium based carbon was prepared as a catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction. The effect of reaction conditions including the weight hourly space velocity (WHSV), reaction temperature and ratio of hydrogen and reactants on the catalytic performance was investigated. Under the identical reaction conditions, the effect of WHSV on the main product selectivity was insignificant, but a high reaction temperature was essential for the good product selectivity. A high product selectivity was also obtained when the ratio of hydrogen and reactants kept less than 1.5. Moreover, a correlation model involving the statistical approach to predict product yields was developed.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.85-96
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of perceptions regarding the importance of patient safety management in the relationship between incident reporting attitudes and patient safety care activities for nurses in small-and medium-sized general hospitals. The objective was to provide a basis for planning tailored training programs aimed at improving patient safety care activities. Methods : This study was conducted with 187 participants in small- and medium-sized general hospitals in K city in South Korea from March 15 to March 31, 2019. The data collected from participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and a multiple regression using IBM SPSS/WIN 21.0 software. Results : Patient safety care activities were found to be correlated with incident reporting attitudes (r=.27, p < .001) and perceptions of the importance of patient safety management (r=.59, p < .001). Further, perceptions of the importance of patient safety management had a complete mediating effect (${\beta}=.409$, p < .001) on the relationship between incident reporting attitudes and patient safety care activities. Conclusion : Based on the findings of this study, tailored training programs regarding patient safety care activities focused on boosting perceptions of the importance of patient safety management are highly recommended to improve nurses' patient safety care activities in small- and medium-sized general hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.164-172
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine personality traits associated with suicidal symptoms (with history of suicide attempt or suicidal idea) in depressed patients. Methods : A sample 186 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder was divided into two groups : suicidal group (with history of suicide attempt or suicidal idea, n=70) and non-suicidal group (without history of suicide attempt or suicidal idea, n=116). NEO Personality Assessment System were used to evaluate personality trait. Results : Neuroticism was high in suicidal group (p=0.041). In multivariate logistic regression, Neuroticism was also a significant influence on suicidal symptoms (Odds Ratio=1.04, 95% Confidence Interval 1.01-1.07, p=0.0145). Conclusions : High Neuroticism is a useful information to identify individuals at high risk of suicide in depressive patients.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.299-310
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• 2011

To establish good dietary behavior for middle school students, this study was conducted to analyze the needs of nutrition education and eating attitudes of 373 middle school students(boys 171, girls 202) in Hwaseong city. Using questionnaires, results were gathered and analyzed. Dietary behavior, food group intake and the needs of nutrition education were scored by a five-point Likert scale. Chi-square and student t-test were done for significant gender difference. The correlation between the needs of nutrition education with dietary behavior and food group intake was obtained by Pearson's r. The dietary attitude of 'try to eat first' and 'eating fast' were higher score in boys than in girls(p<0.05). Most of the students thought they didn't have any nutritional problems(71.8%). Nutrition education was considered necessary(54.9%) for proper growth and development(53.0%) in middle school. But 45.1% of students did not suggest by the reasons of 'short time to change'(28.2%), 'more effective in home'(27.4%). The appropriate time of nutrition education was pre-school(28.2%) or elementary school(27.4%), once a week(boys 51%, girls 71.3%) in frequency(p<0.001), and the information acquired by TV/Radio(30.0%) and internet(26.6%). Students(46.0%) wanted to know about 'growth and nutrition'. They were to learn information on the 'healthy growth'(4.10) and 'adolescent nutrition'(4.03). The vegetables group consumption and the thought of dietary attitude 'try to modify bad eating habits' were correlated with almost all categories of desired nutrition education. Through these results, good eating habits would be attained by nutrition education. A nutrition education program would require an expert teacher for middle school students.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.23-30
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• 2022

Deep learning analyzes data to discover a series of rules and anticipates the future, helping us in various ways in our lives. For example, prediction of stock prices and agricultural prices. In this research, the results of solar photovoltaic power generation accompanied by weather are analyzed through deep learning in situations where the importance of solar energy use increases, and the amount of power generation is predicted. In this research, we propose a model using LSTM(Long Short Term Memory network) that stand out in time series data prediction. And we compare LSTM's performance with CNN(Convolutional Neural Network), which is used to analyze various dimensions of data, including images, and CNN-LSTM, which combines the two models. The performance of the three models was compared by calculating the MSE, RMSE, R-Squared with the actual value of the solar photovoltaic power generation performance and the predicted value. As a result, it was found that the performance of the LSTM model was the best. Therefor, this research proposes predicting solar photovoltaic power generation using LSTM.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.475-481
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• 2006

Purpose : As the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have become problems. High homocysteine levels and low vitamin $B_{12}$ supplementation are acknowledged to have a role in coronary artery disease, but there are few studies on homocysteine, insulin and vitamin $B_{12}$ levels in obese children. We aimed to study whether homocysteine, insulin, vitamin $B_{12}$, folic acid levels could have any difference and relation in obese children. Methods : The disease group consisted of 27 children from 8 to 11 years old, whose obesity index was over 130. The control group consisted of 30 healthy children of the same age group. Obesity index and body mass index were calculated by height and body weight of the children, and their systolic and diastolic blood pressures at resting state were checked. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, homocysteine, insulin, vitamin $B_{12}$, folic acid levels were studied after 10 hours of fasting. Intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, protein, mineral, muscle mass, lean body fat, fat mass and fat percentages were checked by bioelectrical impedance. Results : Homocysteine levels were higher in obese children($8.1{\pm}2.1{\mu}mol/mL$ vs. $4.9{\pm}1.0{\mu}mol/mL$). Insulin levels were also higher in obese children($26.8{\pm}11.2{\mu}IU/mL$ vs. $12.5{\pm}5.24{\mu}IUl/mL$). Vitamin $B_{12}$ was lower in obese children($798.6{\pm}174.3pg/mL$ vs. $967.8{\pm}405.0pg/mL$). But there was not a difference in the folic acid levels between the two groups. In obese children, systolic blood pressure (r=0.535), triglyceride(r=0.517), total cholesterol(r=0.408), folic acid(r=0.408), vitamin $B_{12}$(r=0.338) and abdomoanl fat %(r=0.306) had a positive correlation. Conclusion : We found definite differences of insulin, homocysteine, and vitamin $B_{12}$ plasma levels in obese children, but we need more study to use those parameters as risk factors of metabolic syndrome in pediatric obese patients.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the physical, chemical and microbial characteristics of Gwamegi to provide basic data for the standardization of marine processed foods and for the improvement of the quality of commercial Gwamegi. The acid values of commercial Gwamegi were 5.8, 5.3 and 5.2 mg KOH/g for fillet type (F-type), "two divide" type (T-type) and whole type (W-type), respectively, and the peroxide values were 51.6, 51.5 and 53.2 meq/kg for each. There was a positive correlation between the acid value and the peroxide value (r=0.555) at confidence intervals (CI) of 99%. Trimethylamine (TMA) content of F-type, T-type and W-type products were 2.9, 2.6 and 3.6 mg%, respectively, while volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) contents were 22.4, 21.5 and 21.8 mg%. There was a strong positive correlation between TMA and VBN (r=0.961) at a CI of 99%. The histamine content was detected to be as much as 122 mg/kg, with about 36 % of the samples exceeding the CODEX criteria for histamine of 100 mg/kg. The total microbial count of 4 products exceeded 5 Log CFU/g and coliform group of 11 products exceeded the criteria of less than 1 Log CFU/g. Staphylococcus aureus in 27% of the samples exceeded the criteria of less than 2 Log CFU/g.