• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.694-702
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• 2022

This paper is the UX-based technology strategy research which is a solution to how conversational AI can be ethically evolved in the Metaverse environment. Since conversational AI influences people's on-offline decision-making factors through interaction with people, the Metaverse AI ethics must be reflected. In the machine learning process of conversational AI, cultural codes along with user's personal experience data must be included and considered to reduce the error value of user experience. Through this, the super-personalized Metaverse service can evolve ethically with social values. With above hypothesis as a result of the study, a conceptual model of a forward-looking perspective was developed and proposed by adding user experience data to the machine learning (ML) process for context-based interactive AI in the Metaverse service environment.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.3-22
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• 2021

This article reviews previous literature on the metaverse and attempts to provide a refined definition for this phenomenon. Metaverse has recently been in the spotlight among discussions by the industry and the media while a consensus on the exact definition of metaverse is yet to be determined. Since Neal Stephenson first coined the term metaverse in his novel "Snow Crash" in 1992, the Acceleration Studies Foundation (ASF) was the first to analyze the concept of metaverse in 2007. While ASF's effort did not receive much spotlight it may have deserved, metaverse gained much attention in the fall of 2020 when NVIDIA announced its real-time simulation and collaboration platform for 3D production named "Omniverse" as a next-generation alternative for the Internet along with Roblox defining its service as metaverse during its IPO. Since then, metaverse has been commonly recognized as a world where we can cross over reality and virtuality. Based on the two axes and four scenarios proposed by the ASF, we review the literature across four realms as follows - virtual reality, mirror world, augmented reality, and lifelogging. Then, we examine the issues with the existing definition of metaverse and propose an alternative explanation by focusing on human behavior and user experience. Finally, we reassess the concept of metaverse and incorporate human communication, reality-based and virtual-based activities, and eXtended reality as elements to properly define metaverse.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.179-193
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• 2022

Amid the explosive growth of various metaverse platforms, there is no unified indicator to measure, analyze, and evaluate based on customer experience. Therefore, the usability evaluation factors in metaverse were identified through a heuristic methodology and literature review, to evaluate the metaverse, a two-to three-dimensional virtual world platform. A measurable system was established by subdividing 20 items in 5 fields, including user control, information structure, design and content, and usage environment, derived through Delphi technique. Based on this, after experiencing the actual contents of major metaverse platforms such as Roblox and Zepeto, usability was evaluated and comparative verification was conducted. As a result, it was estimated that metaverse user experience could be improved as its utility was derived relatively high in terms of user control and content. This study constitutes a theoretical contribution by extending the usability evaluation system, which has been widely used in the field of service design, to the fields of extended reality and mixed reality. At the same time, it has practical key findings of providing basic judgment standards to stakeholders in the metaverse field, as well as policy implications for digital capability enhancement and industry revitalization.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2023

Roblox, the world's No. 1 metaverse platform, has more than 3 billion subscription accounts and more than 150 millionmonthly active users (MAU). Despite such high interest in metaverse, existing studies on analyzing the risk of cyberattacks and security in the metaverse environment is insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new steganography-basedcovert communication method in Roblox. In our proposed method, a secret message is hidden into an image by using a function provided in the Roblox Experience environment and then the image is automatically stored in the RobloxExperience participants' devices (PC or Smartphone) so that a malicious software can extract the hidden message fromthe image. By our experiments in the Roblox metaverse environment, we validated our proposed method works and thus want to inform our proposed method can be used in various cyberattacks and crimes such as the spread of secret commands, the establishment of a steganography botnet, and the mass distribution of malicious malware in metaverse platforms.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1122-1135
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• 2022

With the development of digital technology and the influence of the global pandemic, the metaverse, a three-dimensional virtual world, is receiving attention in society, economy and overall industry, and the manufacturing industry is also accepting it as a major strategic agenda for digital transformation. Therefore, in this study, the concept of the industry metaverse from the perspective of the manufacturing industry was defined, and the types of the industry metaverse were classified into four types by reflecting the characteristics of the manufacturing industry based on the general metaverse scenario presented in previous studies. These are Virtual behavior simulation, Augmented operation of business objects and Virtual experience simulation, Augmented decision of business subjects. In addition, through case analysis of solutions used in the manufacturing industry, it was confirmed that the central technology of the Industry Metaverse is the digital twin, and that it is being implemented by convergence with major digital technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, digital human, and AI. This study will be able to provide guidelines for future research on the metaverse from the perspective of the manufacturing industry and establishment of a digital transformation strategy for the industry.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.709-721
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• 2023

This study aimed to enhance awareness of diverse families and promote an inclusive, family-friendly culture by implementing the metaverse in a family festival and assessing its effects during the Covid-19 pandemic. To achieve this, the metaverse was applied and operated at the Jung-gu Family Center Family Festival in Seoul from October 29 to November 6, 2021. The design of the Metaverse Family Festival prioritized the integration of metaverse technology and the layout of program-linked spaces to create a realistic experience. The festival was operated with a focus on providing experiential activities and exhibitions. Data comprised program satisfaction and reviews from a sample of 228 festival participants. The key findings were as follows. Firstly, participants shared their interest and joy in experiencing new activities with their families through the Metaverse Family Festival. Secondly, creating a realistic family festival environment proved practical for encouraging active participation. Thirdly, the Metaverse Family Festival was perceived as promoting an inclusive, family-friendly culture by facilitating safe and accessible communication. Fourthly, the festival effectively bridged the digital gap within families, thereby enhancing digital literacy. This study offers new insights for the future design and operation of various programs in family centers and public institutions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1675-1691
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• 2024

The metaverse is an emerging interactive domain that enables people to participate in an array of activities utilizing cutting-edge technologies. Generation Z perceives no substantial distinction between their virtual and actual identities, regarding the virtual world as an extension of reality. As an attempt to apply Bourdieu's theory of cultural taste and cultural capital to the area of the metaverse avatar, investigates the impact of users' cultural tastes on the avatars they create and experience in the metaverse. The research employed both focus group interviews and individual in-depth interviews with users of Generation Z. The study demonstrated that Generation Z users exhibit unrestricted engagement in the metaverse, although their behavior is significantly affected by their economic situation. One's cultural tastes, influenced by diverse interactions with their parents, greatly impact how they engage in cultural activities in the metaverse. Three categories were identified from the perception of avatars: Idealized Self-Representation Avatars, Atypical Self-Representation Avatars, and Integrated Self-Representation Avatars. Perceiving avatars as an extension of the self was associated with higher cultural capital. Participants held divergent perspectives on the metaverse, with certain individuals regarding it as a realm of imagination or a limitless arena for activities.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.111-120
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• 2021

This study looked at how the digital cultural heritage, which is being actively built by the government and public institutions, can be utilized in the metaverse service. Through an expert interview, we investigated how the digital cultural heritage of Bulguksa can be serviced with the four elements of the metaverse: augmented reality, mirror world, lifelogging, and virtual world. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that when digital cultural heritage is used in a virtual space called metaverse, interactive and realistic services can be provided to users. In addition, it was found that users can exhibit, experience, and educate online parts that are not available in real life in the same situation as if they were in the field. Through this, it was confirmed that if digital cultural heritage is designed as a metaverse service, it can provide functions and services of a different level than before. In particular, the result was obtained that it is possible to provide services considering the characteristics of each of the four elements of the metaverse. First, it is possible to obtain the convenience of augmenting the senses by using augmented reality, and secondly, it is possible to obtain the scalability and efficiency of reproducing the real space by using it as a mirror world element. Third, by using the lifelogging element, communication can be strengthened through the user's record and connection, and fourthly, through the virtual world element, roles and activities in the virtual world can be given to the user. Therefore, if digital cultural heritage is developed as a metaverse service in consideration of these factors, a more active and open experience environment can be provided to users.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.361-368
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• 2021

Daily life such as society, economy, and culture is fundamentally changing due to COVID-19, and digital transformation based on information technology (IT) such as artificial intelligence, data, and cloud is accelerating. In this study, we focused on the metaverse, which is based on the interaction between the virtual world and the real world, and explored the possibility of using the metaverse-based platform for education. The metaverse-based platform was approached from the perspective of the online education ecosystem, which means that not only online teaching and learning activities but also holistic educational activities such as learning, communication, and empathy are performed within the metaverse. In this metaverse platform, learners can feel the presence of learning, and learning motivation and immersion can be promoted. In addition, it is possible to experience self-directed learning based on the autonomy of spatial movement. Although there are technical and ethical limitations to applying the metaverse platform, it would be preferable to focus more on the interaction between learners in the metaverse world rather than high expectations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.285-291
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• 2022

The Purpose of this Study is to explore the new direction for Metaverse marketing and I analyze case of Metaverse marketing focusing on jewelry brand and changes of IT technology for Metaverse Roadmap 2.0. Based on the analyzed marketing strategy, jewelry brands compare and study Metaverse marketing cases to draw implications. As a result of the study, successful Metaverse marketing provides a personalized experience in the virtual space and is accompanied by analysis of the customer journey, and this can be confirmed in the case of global brand. As a future research direction, Through in-depth research on marketing ROI(Return On Investment), I contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of jewelry brand.