• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.151-151
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• 2023

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.169.1-169.1
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• 2003

This study was designed to compare the results and concentraions of methamphetamine (MA) and its metabolite amphetamine (AP) in head hair and hair collected from different parts of the body (axullae, pubis, and leg). Hair of subjects (N=15) suspected for MA abuse was simultaneously collected. (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.195-199
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• 2003

An analysis method for the determination of methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDA) in hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was proposed. For MDMA and MDA analysis, hair samples were incubated in MeOH (1％ HCl), derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride and assayed by GC/MS. Hair of 18 subjects for drug abuse was analyzed for MDMA and MDA. Calibration curves for the determination of MDMA and MDA in hair showed a good linearity at a concentration range from 0.5 ng to 250 ng ($r^2$=0.999) The extraction recovery was determined from hair blanks at 50, 100 ng. The percentage of recovery were found to be 96.08∼103.48 with CV value of 1.62∼3.89. The concentrations of MDMA and MDA ranged 1.14∼38.06 ng/mg and 0.07∼3.91 ng/mg, respectively in 18 hair samples from MDMA abusers. The ratio of MDMA to MDA ranged from 9.65∼28.46 in all specimen. Hair analysis for MDMA is a useful method for identification of long-term drug abuser.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.285-290
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• 2005

Benzophenanthridine alkaloids - sanguinarine, chelirubine, macarpine, and chelerythrine are produced from Eschscholtzia californica (Californica Poppy, used as a sedative by Native Americans) and most of them are derived from dihydrosanguinarine. The properties of sanguinarine are the basis of its antimicrobial activity and its use in chemosurgery and skin cancer excision. For overproduction of sanguinarine from E. californica, yeast extract was used as elicitor and the elicited cell's metabolites were checked. Sanguinarine production was increased intracelluarly about 8 times in the cell and 5 times extracelluarly. We have peformed proteomic analysis of proteins sequentially extracted from E. califormica suspended cells which were cultured with elicitor, an increase of spot intensity was seen at 24 hours following elicitation. These proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). We found several spots that were expected to be related to benzophenanthridine alkaloids production by comparing the production profiles of metabolites such as sanguinarine. These results demonstrate the use of metabolite analysis as a tool for detecting target proteins related to metabolites production pathway.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.544-555
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to develop the $^1H$-MRS data postprocessing software for both single-voxel and multi-voxel technique, which plays and important role as a diagnostic tool in clinical field. This software is based on graphical user interface(GUI) under windows operating system of personal computer(PC). In case of single-voxel MRS, both of raw data in time-domain and spectrum data in frequency-domain are simultaneously displayed in a screen. Several functions such as DC correction, zero filling, line broadening, Lorentz-Gauss filtering and phase correction, etc. are included to increase the quality of spectrum data. In case of multi-voxel analysis, spectroscopic image reconstructed by 3-D FFT was displayed as a spectral grid and overlapped over previously obtained T1- or T2-weighted image for the spectra to be spatially registered with the image. The analysis of MRS peaks were performed by obtaining the ratio of peak area. In single-voxel method, statistically processed peak-area ratios of MRS data obtained from normal human brain are presented. Using multi-voxel method, MR spectroscopic image and metabolite image acquired from brain tumor are demonstrated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1409-1419
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• 2021

A growing number of healthy dietary ingredients in fruits and vegetables have been shown to exhibit diverse biological activities. Phloretin, a dihydrochalcone flavonoid that is abundant in apples and pears, has anti-inflammatory effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. The gut microbiota and metabolism are closely related to each other due to the existence of the food-gut axis in the human colon. To investigate the interplay of faecal metabolites and the microbiota in UC mice after phloretin treatment, phloretin (60 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice. Gut microbes and faecal metabolite profiles were detected by high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, respectively. The correlations between gut microbes and their metabolites were evaluated by Spearman correlation coefficients. The results indicated that phloretin reshaped the disturbed faecal metabolite profile in UC mice and improved the metabolic pathways by balancing the composition of faecal metabolites such as norepinephrine, mesalazine, tyrosine, 5-acetyl-2,4-dimethyloxazole, and 6-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4(1H)-pyridinone. Correlation analysis identified the relations between the gut microbes and their metabolites. Proteus was negatively related to many faecal metabolites, such as norepinephrine, L-tyrosine, laccarin, dopamine glucuronide, and 5-acetyl-2,4-dimethyloxazole. The abundance of unidentified Bacteriodales_S24-7_group was positively related to ecgonine, 15-KETE and 6-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4(1H)-pyridinone. The abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group was negatively related to the levels of 15-KETE and netilmicin. Stenotrophomonas and 15-KETE were negatively related, while Intestinimonas and alanyl-serine were positively related. In conclusion, phloretin treatment had positive impacts on faecal metabolites in UC mice, and the changes in faecal metabolites were closely related to the gut microbiota.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.389-393
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the biodegradation characteristics of the xylene by BTEX-degrading bacteria, Pseudomonas putida BJ10, isolated from oil-contaminated soil and bio-degradation pathway of the xylene. The removal efficiencies of o, m, p-xylene in mineral salts medium (MSM) by P. putida BJ10 were 94, 90 and 98%, respectively for 24 hours. It shows clear difference compared with the control groups which were below 3%. The removal efficiencies of BTEX by P. putida BJ10 in gasoline-contaminated soil were 66% for 9 days. They were clearly distinguished from the control groups (control and sterilized soil) which were 32 and 8%. 3-methylcatechol and o-toluic acid were detected after 6 and 24 hours during the o-xylene biodegradation pathway. Therefore, we confirmed o-toluic acid as the final metabolite. And intermediate-products were somewhat different with previously published studies of the transformation pathway from o-xylene to 3-methylcatechol.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.207-210
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• 2001

A fully automated high performance liquid chromatography with column-switching was developed for the simultaneous determination of KR60436, a new reversible proton pump inhibitor, and its active metabolite O-Demethyl-KR60436 from rat plasma samples. Plasma sample (50$\mu$l) was directly introduced onto a Capcell Pak MF Ph-1 column ($10{\times}4$ mm I.D.) where primary separation was occurred to remove proteins and concentrate target Substances Using acetonitrile-Potassium Phosphate (PH 7, 0.1 M) (2 : 8, v/v). The drug molecules eluted from MF Ph-1 column were focused in an intermediate column ($10{\times}2$ I.D.) by the valve switching step. The substances enriched in intermediate column were eluted and separated on a Vydac 218MR53 column ($250{\times}3.2$ I.D.) using acetonitrilepotassium phosphate (pH 7, 0.02 M) (47:53, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min when the valve status was switched back to A position. The method showed excellent sensitivity (detection limit of 2 ng/ml) with small volume of samples ($50{\mu}$l), good precision and accuracy, and speed (total analysis time 24 min) without any loss in chromatographic efficiency. The response was linear ($r^2{\geq}0.797$) over the concentration range of 5-500 ng/ml.

• Journal of odor and indoor environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.315-321
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• 2018

Phthalate is an endocrine disruptor that interferes with homeostasis and developmental regulation. It is highly toxic to the environment and is associated with various diseases of the human body. Using biological samples from 140 adult subjects, to evaluate the influencing factors which are related to contaminant concentration levels, we used correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Lastly, in order to analyze the health effects related to exposure to phthalates, we conducted a risk assessment by estimating acceptable daily intake exposure according to the influential factors. When we compared the concentration level according to influential factors, in general, the subjects who had engaged in home remodeling work had higher urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations levels than the subjects who had not engaged in home remodeling work. We can confirm statistically significant differences in DBP metabolites. In addition, we can confirm the concentration appeared higher in the categories such as using air freshener, sofa and foods. Through conducting a risk assessment of DEHP, BBzP, DiBP, and DnBP by using data on phthalate metabolite concentration in urine, it was found that the average concentration of all metabolites did not exceed TDI.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.506-520
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• 2023

Objective: Japanese Brown (JBR) cattle, especially the Kochi (Tosa) pedigree (JBRT), is a local breed of moderately marbled beef. Despite the increasing demand, the interbreed differences in muscle metabolites from the highly marbled Japanese Black (JBL) beef remain poorly understood. We aimed to determine flavor-related metabolites and postmortem metabolisms characteristic to JBRT beef in comparison with JBL beef. Methods: Lean portions of the longissimus thoracis (loin) muscle from four JBRT cattle were collected at 0, 1, and 14 d postmortem. The muscle metabolomic profiles were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The difference in post-mortem metabolisms and aged muscle metabolites were analyzed by statistical and bioinformatic analyses between JBRT (n = 12) and JBL cattle (n = 6). Results: A total of 240 metabolite annotations were obtained from the detected signals of the JBRT muscle samples. Principal component analysis separated the beef samples into three different aging point groups. According to metabolite set enrichment analysis, post-mortem metabolic changes were associated with the metabolism of pyrimidine, nicotinate and nicotinamide, purine, pyruvate, thiamine, amino sugar, and fatty acid; citric acid cycle; and pentose phosphate pathway as well as various amino acids and mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. The aged JBRT beef showed higher ultimate pH and lower lactate content than aged JBL beef, suggesting the lower glycolytic activity in postmortem JBRT muscle. JBRT beef was distinguished from JBL beef by significantly different compounds, including choline, amino acids, uridine monophosphate, inosine 5'-monophosphate, fructose 1,6-diphosphate, and betaine, suggesting interbreed differences in the accumulation of nucleotide monophosphate, glutathione metabolism, and phospholipid metabolism. Conclusion: Glycolysis, purine metabolism, fatty acid catabolism, and protein degradation were the most common pathways in beef during postmortem aging. The differentially expressed metabolites and the relevant metabolisms in JBRT beef may contribute to the development of a characteristic flavor.