• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2003

A review of the background and development of the p-hydroxyphenacyl group (pHP) as a photoprotecting group for biological substrates is chronicled. The pHP group has promise as an efficient, rapid phototrigger for the study of very fast biological processes. Applications include the release of neurotransmittors and second messengers, enzyme switches and nucleotides.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.109-112
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• 2002

The signal pathways involved in the regulation of AP-1 DNA binding activity in long-term nicotine stimulated bovine adrenal medullary chromaffin (BAMC) cells have not been well characterized. To understand the involvement of second messengers in the regulation of AP-1 DNA binding activity, the present study was designed to define the time-course for inhibition of nicotine-induced responses by cholinergic antagonists, $Ca^{2+}$ and calmodulin (CaM) antagonists, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II inhibitor using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Nicotine $(10{\mu}M)$ stimulation increased AP-1 DNA binding activity at 24 hr after treatment. Posttreatment with hexamethonium (1 mM) plus atropine $(1{\mu}M)$ (HA), nimodipine $(1{\mu}M),$ or calmidazolium $(1{\mu}M)$ at 0.5, 3, and 6 hr after the nicotine treatment significantly inhibited the AP-1 DNA binding activity increased by long-term nicotine stimulation. However, posttreatment with HA, nimodipine, or calmidazolium at 9 or 12 hr after the nicotine treatment did not affect the nicotine-induced increase of AP-1 DNA binding activity. The pretreatment of BAMC cells with various concentrations of KN-62 inhibited the increase of AP-1 DNA binding activity induced by nicotine in a concentration-dependent manner. KN-62 $(10{\mu}M)$ posttreatment beginning at 0.5, 3, or 6 hr after the nicotine treatment significantly inhibited the increase of AP-1 DNA binding activity. However, KN-62 posttreatment beginning at 9 or 12 hr after the nicotine treatment did not affect the increase of AP-1 DNA binding activity. This study suggested that stimulation (for at least 6 hr) of nicotinic receptors on BAMC cells was necessary for increase of AP-1 DNA binding activity, and activation of $Ca^{2+},$ CaM, and CaMK II up to 6 hr at least seemed to be required for the increase of nicotine-induced AP-1 DNA binding activity.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 스마트 캠퍼스 실현을 위해 캠퍼스 내 다양한 활동에 있어서 대학생들의 디지털 기기/서비스 활용성 및 유용성을 파악하는 것이다. 문헌고찰과 심층면접을 통해 설문문항을 개발하고 대학생 580명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학생들의 디지털 기기 보유율은 스마트폰, 노트북, 데스크톱pc, 디지털 카메라 순이며, 향후 구매의향이 높은 디지털 기기는 가상현실 기기, 스마트워치/밴드, 태블릿 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스마트 캠퍼스의 세 영역 중 '생활'에서는 스마트폰을 중심으로 한 모바일화가 실현되고 있으나 '교육'에서는 여전히 데스크톱pc와 같은 고정형 기기의 활용성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 정보를 탐색하거나 공유할 때 디지털 기기 활용을 유용하게 지각하였다. 셋째, 대학생들은 학습 시 검색엔진, 메신저, 온라인 도서관 등의 서비스를 많이 이용하며, 생활에 있어서는 메신저, 음악 및 비디오 서비스 등을 많이 이용하였다. 서비스 활용률과 지각된 유용성이 비례하지는 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2024

The educational situation, which resulted from the announced self-isolation regime, intensified the forced decisions on the organization of the distance educational process. The study is topical because of the provision of distance learning based on the experience of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. The study was conducted in three stages. Systemic, socio-communicative, competence approaches, sociological methods (questionnaires and interviews) were chosen as methodological tools of the research. The results of a survey of teachers and entrants to higher education institutions on the topic "Using social networks and digital platforms for online classes under the conditions of quarantine restrictions" allowed to scientifically substantiate the need for deeper knowledge of such tools as Google Meet (79%), Zoom (13.78%) and Google Classroom (11.62%), which are preferred by entrants. Almost a third of entrants (34.26%) noted the lack of scientific and methodological support for learning the subjects. The study showed high efficiency of messengers in distance education. The study found that in the process of organizing communication in the student-teacher system, it is necessary to take into account the priority of Telegram on the basis of which it is necessary to implement a chatbot for convenient and effective exchange of information about the educational process. Further research should focus on the effectiveness of the use of Telegram. The effectiveness of using chatbots should also be considered. Chatbots can be used to automate routine components of the learning process.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2024

오늘날 온라인 메신저는 현대인의 주요한 의사소통 도구라 해도 과언이 아니다. 텍스트와 이미지를 기반으로 소통하는 메신저는 물론, 현재는 음성이나 화면 공유를 통해 실시간으로 상호작용할 수 있는 서비스가 MZ 세대에게 활발히 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 새로운 커뮤니케이션 형태인 음성채팅 서비스 사용자의 이용 동기를 알아보기 보고, 사용자의 경험을 결정하는 요인 중 하나인 만족감에 대한 이용 동기들의 영향을 탐색적으로 알아보고자 하였다. 그 결과, 음성채팅 서비스에 대한 5가지 주요 이용 동기(관계 형성, 유용성, 관계 유지, 의사소통 보완, 거리감 극복)를 추출하였고, 이 중 유용성과 관계 유지 동기가 사용자의 만족감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 비대면 환경에서 소통하는 사용자들의 다양한 니즈는 물론, 그들의 긍정적인 경험을 위해 충족 시켜야 할 요인을 조명하였으며, 이러한 결과는 온라인 커뮤니케이션 시장에 적절하게 활용되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2003

Production of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides usually referred to as bacteriocins is an inducible trait in several gram positive bacteria, particularly in those belonging to the group of lactic acid bacteria. In many of these organisms, production of bacteriocins is inducible and induction requires secretion and extracellular accumulation of peptides that act as chemical messengers and trigger bacteriocin production. These inducer peptides are often referred to as autoinducers and are believed to permit a quorum sensing-based regulation of bacteriocin production. Notably, the peptides acting as autoinducers are dedicated peptides with or without antimicrobial activity or the bacteriocins themselves. The autoinducer-dependent induction of bacteriocin production requires histidine protein kinases and response regulator proteins of two-component signal transduction systems. The current working model for the regulation of class II bacteriocin production in lactic acid bacteria and the most relevant direct and indirect pieces of evidence supporting the model are discussed in this minireview.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2016

Recently, the competition among global IT companies for the market occupancy of the IoT(Internet of Things) is fierce. Internet of Things are all the things and people around the world connected to the Internet, and it is becoming more and more intelligent. In addition, for the purpose of providing users with a customized services to variety of context-awareness, IoT platform and related research have been active area. In this paper, we analyze third party instant messengers of Windows 8 Style UI and propose a digital forensic methodology. And, we are well aware of the Android-based map and navigation applications. What we want to show is GPS information analysis by using the R. In addition, we propose a structured data analysis applying the hierarchical clustering model using GPS data in the digital forensics modules. The proposed model is expected to help support the IOT services and efficient criminal investigation process.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.288.3-289
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• 2003

Sphingolipid species are important second messengers due to their role in the mitogenesis, differentiation and apoptosis. We developed a new column liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in combination with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) method for the rapid, simultaneous and quantitative determination of unambiguous detecting sphingolipids in cell culture of human cancer cells (HL-60). (omitted)

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.211-224
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• 2004

Distributing information on the internet is common in our daily life. In the past, e-mail has been the primary choice of exchanging information, but instant messengers are gaining popularity abroad and domestically because of their immediate responses. Instant messaging has become the fastest growing communication technology in recent years. Instant messaging is effectively a chat room for two people. Users that have accounts with the same provider are able to send messages via computer in real time. Instant messaging has exploded into the business world as companies now utilize the technology for everything from interoffice communication to client/customer communication. In this paper, we propose a method of instant messenger system design for effective collaboration of statistical data collection.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2010

Digital communities' spaces have been very popular through communication contents provide entertainment and usability. Emoticons provide simply emotional expressions and intension, so they weakly convey a realistic sense as they are designed by 2D graphics. However, 3D Avatars presented by 3D Computer Graphics make users interesting because of delivering senses of reality and three-dimension and amuse users because of representing their characters. It is the purpose of this study to analyze design examples of emoticons and avatars applying to personal messengers and propose the development of them. In addition, this paper researches various characteristics of emoticons and avatars for web and mobile phones, and suggests a strategy to usefully and properly apply emoticons and avatars to design.