• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.171-181
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• 2012

The effect of nutritional information on healthier menu choices have been reflected in previous research and nutrition policy efforts. This study further examines the relationship between healthy menu choices and three consumer characteristics - Future Orientation, Regulatory Focus, and Need for Cognition. A $3{\times}3$ experimental design was used with varying food types (burger sandwiches, sub sandwiches, and salad dressing) and the degree of nutritional information (no information, total calories only, and full nutrition information). It was found that having more nutritional information, and individuals with Future Orientation and Promotion Focus were associated with the choice of healthier menus. More specifically, those with high Consideration of Future Consequences and with Promotion Orientation switched their choices to the healthier ones with the provision of nutritional information.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2013

Effect of Menu Calorie Labels on Menu Sales and Consumer's Recognition at a Korean Restaurant in a Hotel The role of calorie information is to help consumers make healthier food choices. However, calorie information is generally unavailable in restaurants. Even in high-end hotel restaurants, which try to provide high quality foods and service, calorie labeling is not mandatory. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calorie labeling on menu sales and consumer's recognition at a Korean restaurant in Kangwonland hotel. The calorie contents of 10 dishes sold in the restaurant were calculated using the food composition table. After making a new menu plate displaying calorie information, the new menu plate and old menu plate were provided every other week for 4 weeks. When we compared the sales between the periods of calorie labeled and calorie unlabeled, sales of 4 items among the 5 food items providing less than 1000 kcal, increased, however the 3 items among the menu providing more than 1000 kcal decreased. As the survey results of total 405 consumers (male n = 232, female n = 173) showed the new menu plate, 68.2% of subjects recognized calorie labeling on the menu plate. Among the subjects who recognized calorie labeling, 58.3% answered that calorie information affected their food choices. And most of them answered that they chose lower calorie foods based on the information provided. The results suggest that displaying calorie information on the menu plate at a Korean restaurant was effective in changing consumer's food choices.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.408-422
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• 2024

This study analyzed the factors that influence menu choices through eye-tracking and questionnaires in menu design. Demographic data of subjects coincided with choosing a menu and eye-tracking data. Hot Crispy Chicken Burger is the most popular menu. The study found that regardless of the selected menu, the menu name (35.5 seconds), price (21.6 seconds), and image (16.0 seconds) were viewed the longest, followed by country of origin (8.81 seconds), calories (4.6 seconds), and special indications (p<0.05). The menu name and image were checked more frequently, while calorie information was checked less often. As a result of analyzing various factors that influence menu selection through, Consumer experience and image greatly influenced menu choices. Therefore, if you want to receive a menu selection, it is considered effective to make good use of the menu name and image. In results of principal component analysis (PCA) by gender showed. Men had the longest price in the fixation duration. But, for females, there was a significant difference in gaze fixation when they took the exam, with menu names and special indications being important selection criteria. Since the results show that selection criteria and information acquisition methods differ depending on gender, this research is thought to be able to suggest directions for menu design.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of nutrition labeling formats on parents' food choices for their children at different restaurant types. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An online survey was conducted with 1,980 parents of children aged 3-12 years. Participants were randomly assigned to fast food or family restaurant scenarios, and one of four menu stimuli conditions: no labeling, low-calorie symbol (symbol), numeric value (numeric), and both low-calorie symbol and numeric value (symbol + numeric). Participants selected menu items for their children. Menu choices and total calories were compared by nutrition labeling formats in each type of the restaurant. RESULTS: Low-calorie item selections were scored and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for an interaction effect between restaurant and labeling type. In the fast food restaurant group, parents presented with low-calorie symbols selected the lowest calorie items more often than those not presented with the format. Parents in the symbol + numeric condition selected significantly fewer calories (653 kcal) than those in the no labeling (677 kcal) or numeric conditions (674 kcal) (P = 0.006). In the family restaurant group, no significant difference were observed among different labeling conditions. A significant interaction between restaurant and labeling type on low-calorie selection score (F = 6.03, P < 0.01) suggests that the effect of nutrition labeling format interplays with restaurant type to jointly affect parents' food choices for their children. CONCLUSIONS: The provision of easily interpretable nutritional information format at fast food restaurants may encourage healthier food choices of parents for their children; however, the effects were negligible at family restaurants.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2016

고객들이 지각하는 메뉴선택 속성에 대한 고객만족과 재방문의도 간의 영향 관계 분석을 통하여 현재 소비자층의 특성에 맞는 메뉴의 구성 및 마케팅 전략을 수립하는데 필요한 IMC 활동정보를 제공하고자 하는 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 이태리 레스토랑의 메뉴선택 속성이 고객만족에서는 제품 품질, 메뉴구성, 물리적 제공은 고객만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이태리 레스토랑의 메뉴선택 속성이 재방문의도에서는 제품 품질과 메뉴구성은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 물리적 제공은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이태리 레스토랑의 IMC 활동은 고객만족에서는 광고, 홍보는 유의적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 인적 판매는 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이태리 레스토랑의 IMC 활동은 재방문의도에서는 광고, 홍보는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 인적 판매에는 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이태리 레스토랑의 고객만족은 재방문의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To encourage healthier food choices for children in fast-food restaurants, many initiatives have been proposed. This study aimed to examine the effect of disclosing nutritional information on parents' meal choices for their children at fast-food restaurants in South Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An online experimental survey using a menu board was conducted with 242 parents of children aged 2-12 years who dined with them at fast-food restaurants at least once a month. Participants were classified into two groups: the low-calorie group (n = 41) who chose at least one of the lowest calorie meals in each menu category, and the high-calorie group (n = 201) who did not. The attributes including perceived empowerment, use of provided nutritional information, and perceived difficulties were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The low-calorie group perceived significantly higher empowerment with the nutritional information provided than did the high-calorie group (P = 0.020). Additionally, the low-calorie group was more interested in nutrition labeling (P < 0.001) and considered the nutritional value of menus when selecting restaurants for their children more than did the high-calorie group (P = 0.017). The low-calorie group used the nutritional information provided when choosing meals for their children significantly more than did the high-calorie group (P < 0.001), but the high-calorie group had greater difficulty using the nutritional information provided (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that improving the empowerment of parents using nutritional information could be a strategy for promoting healthier parental food choices for their children at fast-food restaurants.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.94-105
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• 2017

A menu labeling initiative is a lawful regulation with an aim to promote public health by providing customers the right to make informed menu choices. As college years are a critical period in which students form dietary habits, which are sustained throughout their lives, provision of nutritional information at the university dining services is important to students' health and life. Due to the lack of research on menu labeling at university dining services, the purpose of this study was to examine college students' attitudes and motivations toward menu labeling at university dining services, as well as their use intentions toward nutrition information at university dining services. Data were collected from a self-administered survey distributed to 484 college students who had experienced university dining services. Motivations of university students toward menu labeling were categorized into 'knowledge pursuit' and 'health pursuit'. Students' attitudes toward menu labeling had a positive effect on their intention to use menu labeling at university dining services. The findings of the study indicated that female students, or those who frequently used nutrition information, tended to have higher attitudes, motivations, and use intentions toward nutrition information. The study results suggest that facilitation of healthy eating environments at university dining services by offering nutrition information, and nutrition and health education is necessary.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2009

본 연구는 서울 지역 소재 특급호텔 연회장 레스토랑을 이용하는 고객들을 대상으로 이벤트 메뉴를 선택할 때 메뉴 선택 행동을 조사하고, 이벤트 메뉴를 선택할 때 고려 요인과 이벤트 메뉴에 따른 고객 만족을 분석하고자 한다. 분석한 결과를 기초로 호텔 연회장 레스토랑 지배인은 이벤트 메뉴를 기획하고 그 메뉴를 교체 시에 효율적으로 활용할 수 있도록 하는 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이벤트 메뉴 선택 시 고려 속성과 고객 만족의 회귀분석한 결과, 독립 변수의 투입방식은 강제 투입 방식으로 엔터 분석법(Enter Method)을 사용하였으며, t값의 유의도에 의해 고객 만족에 영향을 미치는 변수로는 심리적 동기, 음식의 질, 합리적 가격 등 3개의 변수가 유의한 변수들로 판명이 되었다. 그러나 나머지 요인인 감각적 이미지, 메뉴의 구성, 프로모션 메뉴, 청결과 서비스 등 4가지 요인은 유의하지 않은 변수로 판명되었다. 따라서 고객 만족에 영향을 미치는 변수들 중 음식의 질의 $\beta$계수 값이 0.416으로 가장 크게 나타나 고객 만족에 가장 설명력이 높은 변수임을 나타내고 있으며, 심리적 동기가 0.283, 합리적 가격이 0.134 등의 순서로 고객 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2017

지속적인 경제 성장에 따라 소비자들의 외식 횟수는 해를 거듭할수록 점점 늘어나고 있으며 그 만큼 외식 산업 역시 양적인 성장을 기록하고 있다. 소비자가 외식을 결정하고 메뉴를 선정할 때 다양한 변수가 존재하지만, 본 연구에서는 강수, 적설, 운량에 따른 날씨 변수와, 계절과 휴일에 따른 요일 변수가 소비자들의 메뉴 선택에 얼마나 기여하는 지를 중점적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 분석은 '식신'의 사용자가 메뉴 검색을 하고 매장을 선택하고 조회하는 데이터를 연구 자료로 활용하였다. 여기에 기상청에서 제공하는 일별 날씨 데이터를 대입하여 분석을 수행하였다. 특히 강수, 적설, 운량에 따른 날씨 변수와 계절, 휴일에 따른 요일 변수로 나누어 연구 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 통해 날씨와 요일 변수가 사용자의 메뉴 검색에 유의미한 영향을 미친다는 결과를 확인할 수 있었으며, 본 연구 결과를 활용하면 외식산업 시장에서의 우위를 다질 수 있는 소상공인, 마케팅 종사자, 기타 관련자에게 많은 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.348-354
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a serious concern worldwide, for which the restaurant industry holds partial responsibility. This study was conducted to estimate restaurant consumers' intention to select healthy menu items and to examine the relationships among behavioral beliefs, past behaviors, attitudes and behavioral intentions, which are known to be major determinants of consumer behaviors. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An online, self-administered survey was distributed for data collection. The study sample consisted of customers who reported having visited casual dining restaurants in the last three months at the time of the survey. Structural equation modeling was used to verify the fit of the proposed research model. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling revealed that the proposed model supports the sequential, mediated (indirect) relationships among behavioral beliefs, past behaviors, attitudes and behavioral intentions toward healthy menu selection. CONCLUSION: This study contributes to the available literature regarding obesity by adding past behaviors, one of the most influential variables involved in prediction of future behaviors of consumers, to the TPB model, enabling a better understanding of restaurant consumers' rational decision process regarding healthy menu choices. The results of this study provide practical implications for restaurant practitioners and government agencies regarding ways to promote healthy menus.