• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2003

The front-end side members of automobiles absorb most of the energy in a case of front-end collision. The front-end side members are required to have a high stiffness together with easiness to collapse sequentially to absorb more impact energy. The axial static collapse test (5mm/min) was conducted by using UTM for form different types of members which have different cross section shapes; single hat, single cap, double cap, and double hat. The single hat shaped section member has the typical standard section, which the double hat shape section has a symmetry in the center to have more stiffness. As a result of the test, the energy absorbing characteristic was analyzed for different section shapes. It turned out that the change of section shape influence the absorbing energy, the mean collapse load and the maximum collapse load, and the relation between the change of section shape and the collapse mode.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.202-206
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• 2011

Works on the strength and stiffness in the structural members are carried out widely with various material and cross-sections with ever increasing safety concerns, they are presently applied in various fields including railroad trains, air crafts and automobiles. In addition to this, problem of lighting structural members became important subject by control of exhaust gas emission, fuel economy and energy efficiency. So, Light weight of member structures is necessary for the high performance and various functions. In this study, the CFRP flat and circular member was manufactured by CFRP prepreg sheet in autoclave. Carbon FRP is an anisotropy material whose mechanical properties change with its fiber orientation angle, so this study apply to the effects of the fiber orientation angle on the bending characteristics of the member. Each CFRP flat and circle are compared by strength and stiffness.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.337-344
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• 2001

This paper is concerned with the change of joint rigidity in estimating the degree of semi-rigidity of connections and the buckling load in a single layer latticed dome. The estimations are based on information about the ratio for the rotational stiffness of the connection to the flexural stiffness of the member and the minimum eigenvalue of a structure for pinned, semi-rigid and completely rigid cases, respectively. Connection characteristics are reflected in the ratio control of joint rigidity for the DOFs to be related using the spring element by FEM.

• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간구조학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 제3권1호(통권3호)
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• pp.175-181
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• 2006

This paper presents an efficient reanalysis algorithm, named PRAS (Partial Reanalysis algorithm using Adaptable Substructuring), for the partially changed structures. The algorithm recalculates directly any displacement or member force under consideration in real time without a full reanalysis in spite of local changes in member stiffness or connectivity. The key procedures consists of 1) partitioning the whole structure into the changed part and the unchanged part, 2) condensing the internal degrees of freedom and forming the unchanged part substructure, 3) assembling and solving the new stiffness matrix from the unchanged part substructure and the changed members.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.209-216
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate elasto-plastic behaviour and estimate ultimate resistance capacity of the residential-commercial building subjected to lateral force along the height of structure. Four types of residential-commercial building are chosen as analytical models and investigated by pushover analysis. Pushover analysis estimates initial elastic stiffness, post-yielding stiffness, and plastic hinges on each story of structures through three-dimensional nonlinear analysis program CANNY-99. Skeleton curve of bending stiffness model is bilinear, shear stiffness model is trilinear, and axial stiffness model is elastic. Skeleton curve of axial stiffness model has the axial compression and tension stiffness of reinforced concrete members. This study presents the change of inter story drift, story stiffness and hinge of story and member.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2009

본 논문은 부재 단위의 강성 재설계를 통해 전역 자유도 변위의 정량적 조절이 가능한 변위조절 기법의 개발을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 부분적 강성변경이 발생했을 때 전체 구조물을 재해석하지 않고 관심 있는 특정 위치의 변위와 부재력만을 실시간 응답수준에서 재계산할 수 있는 부분재해석 기법을 적용하였다. 부분재해석 기법은 복잡한 미분계산이나 반복적인 구조해석을 수행하지 않아도 되는 단순한 기본개념의 기법으로서 계산이 효율적이고 강성변경 후의 변위를 바탕으로 변위에 대한 민감도를 계산하기에 수렴 속도가 빠른 장점을 가진다. 부분재해석 기법을 통해 전역 자유도에 대한 강성 변경 부재의 변위기여도를 계산하고 변위기여도에 따라 해당 부재의 강성을 변경시킴으로써 반복적 구조해석이나 민감도 해석 없이 특정 변위를 최소의 물량만으로 정량적으로 제어하는 변위조절 설계법을 제시하였다. 예제를 통한 검증결과, 부분재해석 기법이 고층건물의 횡변위제어에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2005

본 연구는 구조물의 정량적 강성설계 기법 개발, 즉 부재 단위의 강성 재설계를 통한 전역 자유도 변위의 정량적 조절 기법개발을 궁극적 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 전역 자유도에 대한 부재의 변위기여도계수와 내력기여도계수를 유도하고, 이를 이용하여 특정 변위를 정량적으로 예측, 제어할 수 있도록 부재 강성과 특정 변위간의 상관식을 유도 제시하였다. 간단한 예제 구조물의 해석과 제안식 적용을 통한 변위 예측값 사이의 비교를 통하여 제안식을 검증하였다. 정정구조물의 경우 본 상관식은 정해로서, 이를 이용하여 폭정 변위를 원하는 목표치로 정확하게 제어할 수 있으며, 부정정구조물의 경우에도 부재 내력 재분배에 의한 오차가 발생하기는 함에도 불구하고 각 부재 강성과 특정 변위간의 상관성과 경향을 제시함으로써 매우 유용하게 활용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 정량적 변위 제어 기법은 강성설계가 전체 설계 결과를 지배하게 되는 대 공간구조물 또는 초고층건물의 설계 시 유용할 것으로 기대된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.45-67
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• 2010

Composite steel-concrete structures are employed extensively in modern high rise buildings and bridges. This concept has achieved wide spread acceptance because it guarantees economic benefits attributable to reduced construction time and large improvements in stiffness. Even though the combination of steel and concrete enhances the strength and stiffness of composite beams, the time-dependent behaviour of concrete may weaken the strength of the shear connection. When the concrete loses its strength, it will transfer its stresses to the structural steel through the shear studs. This behaviour will reduce the strength of the composite member. This paper presents the development of an accurate finite element model using ABAQUS to study the behaviour of shear connectors in push tests incorporating the time-dependent behaviour of concrete. The structure is modelled using three-dimensional solid elements for the structural steel beam, shear connectors, concrete slab and profiled steel sheeting. Adequate care is taken in the modelling of the concrete behaviour when creep is taken into account owing to the change in the elastic modulus with respect to time. The finite element analyses indicated that the slip ductility, the strength and the stiffness of the composite member were all reduced with respect to time. The results of this paper will prove useful in the modelling of the overall composite beam behaviour. Further experiments to validate the models presented herein will be conducted and reported at a later stage.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 부분적 강성 변경이 연속적으로 필요한 경우, 전체 구조물을 재해석하지 않고도 관심을 두고 있는 변위와 부재력을 실시간 응답 수준에서 재계산할 수 있는 "적응형 부구조물화를 이용한 부분 재해석 알고리즘"을 제안한다. PRAS 알고리즘의 핵심 개념은, 1) 대상 구조물을 강성변경부분과 강성고정부분으로 구분하고, 2) 강성고정부분을 강성변경부재들이 연결된 잔류자유도만을 갖는 부구조물로 응축한 후, 3) 강성변경부재들과 강성고정부분 부구조물의 결합으로 전체 구조물을 모델랑함으로써, 최종 평형방정식의 잔류자유도수를 줄이는 데에 있다. 이 때 강성고정부분의 부구조물화 과정에서 본 연구에서 제시하는 또 하나의 알고리즘인 "적응형 부구조물화 알고리즘"을 적용하여 일단 초기 해석이 완료된 후에는 잔류자유도 구성이 달라질 때 다시 부구조물화에 소요되는 계산량을 최소화하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1989

Nailed joints, which are commonly used in Wooden structures, transmit loads from one member to another and induce partial composite actions between members. Long-term loads induce creep slip in nailed joints and affect load sharing and partial composite action, which may reduce joint stiffness. Two theoretical viscous-viscoelastic models were developed for nailed joints to predict creep behavior under long-term variable loads. Those models were also used to predict stiffness changes under long-term variable loads. The stiffness of nailed joint is defined as a Secant modulus which is called the joint modulus or slip modulus. Input data for the models are the results of constant load tests under three different load levels. To verify the models, nailed joints were also tested under two long-term variable load functions. The predictions of the models were very close to the experimental data. Therefore, the theoretical viscous-viscoelastic models and procedures developed in this study can be applied to predict creep slip and the changes in joint moduli of nailed joints under long-term variable loads.