• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.111-126
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were (1) to describe the effects of transformational leadership and transactional leadership on the hospital member's organizational commitment and turnover intention, (2) to provide with fundamental data in enhancing organizational effectiveness. For this purpose, the types of leadership, organizational commitment and turnover intention were evaluated among hospital members. A survey was conducted with 827 respondents working in a general hospital in Sungnam-shi. For the data analysis SPSS 10.0 was utilized. To verify the reliability and validity of variables, Chronbach's ${\alpha}$ and confirmatory factor analysis were processed. After descriptive analysis, regression analysis was conducted. In these progresses all the statistical significant levels were set at ${\alpha}$= 0.05. Results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, the types of leadership had differences in the level of organizational commitment and turnover intention of the hospital members and then transformational leadership had a more influence than did transactional leadership. Second, there were significant correlations for organizational commitment and turnover intention with overall characteristics of leadership(p<.05). Third, the factor influencing hospital member's organizational commitment and turnover intention were transformational leadership(p<.001). Total explanatory powers($R^2$) were 20.2% (organizational commitment) and 12.1%(turnover intention). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that organizational commitment significantly high when transformational leadership was higher and it also showed turnover intention was significantly lower. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the leadership influence hospital member's organizational commitment and turnover intention and they are different the types of leadership. This results suggest that in order to be as successful leaders in hospital, the leaders should know their employee's behaviors and change their leadership styles.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.151-162
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study was to find antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) and to investigate the mediating role of leader-member exchange(LMX). This study categorized the factors that influence OCB and LMX into individual(distributive and procedural justice), group(transformational leadership and team empowerment), and organizational levels(complexity). A total of 773 cases were used in this study, which were collected in one of industrial complexes. The research participants were any employees who participated in their work by collaborating with their co-workers. This study found that procedural justice, transformational leadership, and team empowerment had positive influences on OCB, and distributive justice, procedural justice, transformational leadership, team empowerment, and complexity significantly influenced LMX. Moreover, LMX played a mediating role in the relationship between each of the five input variables and OCB.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2017

Purposes : The purpose of this study is to identify factors that have effects on safety activities of hospital personnels by investigating causality between patient safety culture, job stress, safety system and safety activities of faculty and staff member who are working for oriental medicine hospital of university. Methodology : The subjects were 246 employees working in 4 oriental medicine hospitals of university in Daejeon and Chungcheongnam-do. The data were collected from January 16 to January 25, 2017 using a structured questionnaire. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS 22.0 were used. Findings : The activity score for patient safety of faculty and staff member, who were experienced at job training program after joining a company and regular training course for qualification or license, was meaningfully higher than that of group who had no job training experience. The result indicated that the higher there is level of safety culture and safety system and the lower there is work stress, the more the activity has positive effect on patient safety. The level score of awareness for safety culture of faculty and staff member in C hospital, which is facing financial crisis in business circumstances recently, showed average value of 3.29. It was significantly lower than that of the other three hospital. Also, The activity score for patient safety was markedly lower than that of the other three hospital. This result become interested in the process of linking non-financial performance and financial performance. The level score of safety activity in A hospital which obtained healthcare accreditation was remarkably higher than that of the other three hospital which didn't certify healthcare accreditation. Pratical Implications : Subjects about Q.I or patient's experience management must be included in curriculum of Oriental medicine. It is necessary to get the effect of job training program for faculty and staff member through the process of preparation for obtaining healthcare accreditation. When the hospital director is appointed, it must be considered that he/she has the ability to attach importance to analysis and management of the factors creating safety accident, and has business mindset for healthcare delivery of customer- centricity. This research showed that financial performance of hospital, which of business environment is favorable; located in metropolitan city and having large scale of hospital and quality of residence rating but low-level of safety culture and safety activity, was lower than that of general hospital situated in small and medium-sized cities. More research needs to be done for answering this result.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1144-1156
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• 2014

In Internet, IP multicast has been used successfully to provide an efficient, best-effort delivery service for group communication applications. However, applications such as multiparty private conference, distribution of stock market information, pay per view and other subscriber services may require secure multicast to protect integrity and confidentiality of the group traffic, and validate message authenticity. Providing secure multicast for group communication is problematic without a robust group key management. In this paper, we propose a group key management scheme based on the secret sharing technology to require each member by itself to generate the group key when receiving a rekeying message multicast by the group key distributor. The proposed scheme enforces mutual authentication between a member and the group key distributor while executing the rekeying process, and provides forward secrecy and backward secrecy properties, and resists replay attack, impersonating attack, group key disclosing attack and malicious insider attack.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.922-933
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• 2004

In recent years, peer-to-peer network have a greate deal of attention for distributed computing or collaborative application, and work of ID-based public key systems have been focusing on the area of cryptography. In this paper, we propose ID-based group key management protocols for secure communication in autonomous peer group. Each member obtains his public/private key pair derived from his identification string from Private Key Generator. No central server participates in group key management protocol instead, all group members share the burden of group key management by the collaboration of themselves, so that our scheme avoids the single point of failure problem. In addition, our scheme considers the nature of dynamic peer group such as frequent joining and leaving of a member.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.233-246
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• 2020

This paper investigates the effect of the involvement of the board chairman in the audit committee (AC) on earnings management (EM). It examines Bursa Malaysia-listed companies with the lowest positive earnings for the years 2013 to 2015. The Modified Jones Model by Kasznik (1999) was used to determine discretionary accruals. An AC that includes its board chairman as an ordinary member is associated with greater discretionary accruals. However, a board chairman who is also the chairman of the AC does not seem to influence discretionary accruals. This paper supports the agency theory and policy-makers' efforts to prevent board chairmen from sitting on ACs. It is the first study that uses the agency theory to describe the association between the board chairman's involvement in the both AC and EM. This study alerts policy-makers, stakeholders and researchers to the influence of a board chairman serving on the AC in curbing EM. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence that the majority of Malaysian companies whose board chairmen are involved in the AC appoint the chairman as an ordinary member of the AC. This indicates that executive directors may affect such actions. Hence, more policies are needed to improve AC independence.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.309-315
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• 2016

The node mobility in the wireless mobile network environment increases the energy consumption. This paper proposes a CNMA (cluster-based node management algorithm) to reduce the energy consumption caused by node mobility, and to prolong the life cycle for cluster member nodes. The proposed CNMA traces the mobility for nodes between cluster header and member, and it analyses the energy capacity as monitoring periodically their relationship. So, it makes a division and merges by analysing the state transition for nodes. This paper is to reduce the energy consumption due to the node mobility. The simulation results show that the proposed CNMA can efficiently control the energy consumption caused by mobility, and it can improve the energy cycle.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.3
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• pp.121-139
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• 2003

A purpose of this study is to measure degree of solidarity and conflict of the beauty salon franchisees according to an influence strategy of franchiser and grasp characteristics revealed from managing a franchise system. This will also contribute to improving results of franchise systems and considering a direction for development. This study examined existing studies relevant with conflict and solidarity and analysed relativity between relevant variables and grasped the flow of studies and then set hypotheses in order to present a device for decreasing conflict within a franchise system of beauty shops and for increasing a solidarity and subsequently analysed samples and tested data. The data for this study are researched by sending questionnaires to beauty salons which participated in one of franchise systems and they are analyzed by various methods in a statistics. After studying some relevant theories, this study used the definition of the franchise system in beauty salons as an entity of a political-economy paradigm. A franchiser desires to influence member shops with an influence-strategy. Therefore member shops which perceived it go through a conflict and then such a process is revealed as making significant influence on solidarity. Beauty salon franchise exists by reciprocal confidence and transaction. If an opportunism gain in influence owing to an conflict intensification, there would be no steady formation of relationship. Therefore the head office should develop a member-shop-management-system by more scientific and more technical methods and prevent, in advance, member stores from seeking for negative opportunism.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2013

In engineering education, team projects play an important role to increase students' capability of solving problems and teamworking. Student achieves a success experience, which in turn provides self-efficacy, through successfully performed project. This paper deals with an analysis of team performance variation in accordance with the team member formation. Team members are categorized into three different charater types based on the three triads of Enneagram. The analysis result shows that the team performance varies with the member formation pattern.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

Objective : This study is a report on treatment effect of Korean medical treatment to ALS(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) patient. The purpose of this case study is to improvement of Korean medical treatment and evaluate prognosis and clinical course of ALS patients. Methods : The patient was treated by acupuncture, Su-Gi therapy, herbal medication, physical treatment. To determine the effects of Korean medical treatment, we evaluated every four days used by Korean version of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (KALSFRS-R), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Severity Scale(ALSSS). Results : Before mental contraction caused by everyday life nursing management, symptoms such as lumbar pain, getting hoarse, lower limb powerless & spasticity, upper limbs powerless, neckache, tongue-tied etc. were improved after above treatment. K-ALSFRS-R and ALSSS scores were also increased till patient's mental contraction Conclusions : The Korean medical treatment is effective on local symptoms of ALS, and there is also functional improvement of ALS diagnosed by external examination. It is necessary to have more examination about ALS.