• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.513-521
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• 2000

Background : TNF may play an important role(central mediator) in the development of an acute respiratory distress syndrome. Since TNF induced lung injury in the acute respiratory distress syndrome and abnormalities in surfactant function have been described in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the authors investigated the effects of TNF on the regulation of surfactant protein A, B and C mRNA accumulation. Methods : The effects of TNF on gene expression of surfactant protein A, B, and C were analyzed using filter hybridization, 12 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of TNF in rats. Results : 1. The accumulation of SP-A mRNA in the TNF treated group (12 and 24 hours after TNF injection) was significantly decreased by 22.9% and 27.4%, respectively, compared to the control group (P<.025, P<.025). 2. The accumulation of SP-B mRNA in 24 hours after TNF treated group was significantly decreased by 20.5% compared to that of the control group(P<.01). 3. The accumulation of SP-C mRNA in 12 hours after TNF treated group was significantly decreased by 31% the compared to that of the control group(P<.01). Conclusions : These findings indicate the marked inhibitory effects of tumor necrosis factor on surfactant proteins expression in vivo. This finding. in turn, supports the idea of inhibitory effects of tumor necrosis factor on surfactant proteins expression as it relates to pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-176
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marriage migration females' acculturative stress and marital adjustment, especially the mediating and moderating effects of ego-resilience. The structural equation models were tested by setting marriage migration females' acculturative stress as a prediction variable, their marital adjustment as an outcome variable and their ego-resilience as mediator and moderator variables. The sample consisted of 172 marriage migration females from Busan. I analyzed the data using correlation analysis in order to discover the correlation coefficient of those variables among acculturative stress, ego-resilience and marital adjustment. I used the structural equation model (SEM) for investigating the relationship among acculturative stress, ego-resilience and marital adjustment and for investigating the mediating effects of ego-resilience. I also used multiple group analysis and two way ANOVA to investigate the moderating effects of ego-resilience. The results of structural equation modeling were as follows: first, it was proved that ego-resilience was exerted as a mediating variable, because acculturative stress appeared to affect marital adjustment in relation to ego-resilience. Therefore, marital adjustment was evident when ego-resilience was low. Second, it was proved that ego-resilience was exerted as a moderating variable, because those with low ego-resilience experienced high acculturative stress and low marital adjustment, and those with high ego-resilience experienced low acculturative stress and high marital adjustment. Such findings point out the importance of considering personal characteristics, like ego-resilience, in the relationship between acculturative stress and marital adjustment.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

Purpose: Nurse's second victim experiences could influence organizational negative work-related outcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the casual relationship between nurses' second victim experience and third victim experience and multiple mediation effects of second victim supports. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-report survey (the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool) was conducted with 305 nurses working in a general hospital. Data were collected from October 20 to November 25, 2016 and analyzed using SPSS Win version 23.0. Results: The nurses' perceived second victim experience was $3.24{\pm}0.61$ and the third victim experience was $3.12{\pm}0.92$. Nurses' second victim experience was found to have a direct effect on increasing third victim experience and indirect effect of colleague support as mediator (p<.05). However, institutional support and supervisor support had not a partial and indirect effect on third victim experience. Conclusion:This study is one of the first to connect second victim experience to third victim experience in South Korea. This study broadens the understanding of the negative effects of a second victim experience influence third victim experience. When involvement in patient safety events, the important role of colleague support in limiting nurse's third victim experience have been acknowledged. This study reinforces the efforts health care leaders are making to develop interventional programs to colleague support their staff as they recover from adverse event involvement.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권15호
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• pp.179-192
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• 2009

본 연구는 광고에 등장하는 허구적 존재로서 애니메이션 캐릭터에 대한 감정이입 반응이 호감도에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 또한 감정이입의 효과 과정에 있어 인지적, 감정적 반응의 매개 효과를 파악하였다. 분석 결과 몇 가지 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타났다. 첫째, 감정이입은 인지적 반응과 감정적 반응에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인지적 반응과 감정적 반응은 호감도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 그러나, 인지적 반응이 미치는 영향력은 감정적 반응에 비해 상대적으로 낮았다. 셋째, 감정이입은 인지적 반응에 매개되어 호감도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 감정적 반응의 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구 결과 소비자들은 허구적인 존재인 애니메이션 캐릭터에 대해서도 실제 인물에 대해 느끼는 감정적 반응을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 허구적인 애니메이션 캐릭터를 제작하기 위해서는 캐릭터에 대한 소비자의 감정이입의 강도를 높여야 하며, 인지 반응을 유도하기 위해서는 감정이입이 요구됨을 시사한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2010

본 연구는 가족의 형태에 따른 인터넷 중독, 자아존중감, 대인관계 그리고 부적응 행동 간의 관계를 실증적으로 분석하였으며, 특히 가족의 형태와 인터넷 중독간의 관계에서 자아존중감, 대인관계와 부적응 행동이 매개효과를 가지는지에 대하여도 실증적 분석을 하였다. 회귀분석 결과 가족의 형태에 따른 인터넷 중독은 부(-)의 관계로 유의한 것으로 검증되었다. 자아존중감은 가족의 형태에 따라 정(+)의 관계로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 대인관계에서는 가족의 형태가 정(+)의 관계로 유의한 것으로 검증되었다. 반면에 부적응 행동은 인터넷 중독과 같이 가족의 형태와 부(-)의 관계가 있음이 나타났다. 또한, 자아존중감, 대인관계와 부적응행동을 통해서 인터넷 중독에 영향을 미치는 매개효과에 대해서도 검증되었다. 그 결과 자아존중감, 대인관계와 부적응 행동요인이 가족형태와 인터넷 중독 사이의 매개변수의 역할을 수행한다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.4520-4527
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 부모의 심리 및 행동통제와 청소년의 자존감 및 내 외현문제 간에 어떤 상관이 있는지, 그리고 청소년 개인의 자존감이 부모통제와 이들의 내 외현문제 간을 매개하는지 알아보는 것이다. 중학교와 고등학교 1, 2, 3학년 학생을 대상으로 부/모 심리 및 행동통제, 자존감, 그리고 내현 및 외현문제를 측정하였다. 총 355명(남: 171명, 여:184명; 중학생: 170명, 고등학생: 185명)의 자료가 분석되었다. 부모심리통제는 낮을수록, 행동통제는 높을수록 청소년의 자존감이 높고 내 외현문제는 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 자존감이 높을수록 내 외현문제도 많은 것으로 나타났다. 자존감은 부모심리통제와 내현문제 간을 부분매개, 부모행동통제와 내현 및 외현문제 간을 완전매개 하는 것으로 분석되었다. 우리나라의 가족주의 문화나 입시위주의 경쟁적 교육환경이 이러한 결과에 영향을 미쳤을 가능성을 제기하였으며, 바람직한 부모양육행동에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2015

Objectives : TheHaedokgumhwa-sanwater extract (HDKHS) is used in Korea, Japan and China as a traditional therapeutic agent to cure an infectious disease. But its study is not enough. Therefore, the present study focused on the elucidation of HDKHS to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and to established the possible mechanisms involved in its action on LPS-stimulated immune response in murine macrophages.Methods : Inflammatory status was induced by LPS and measured by increasement of inflammatory mediators. LPS induced secretions of NO and PGE₂in RAW 264.7 cells were measured using griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit respectively. production of IL-6 was examined using ELISA kit and expression of IL-6 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR method. To investigate the effects of HDKHS on inflammatory mediators, such as iNOS, COX-2 and MAPKs, western blot and RT-PCR were performed.Results : HDKHS significantly reduced production of NO and PGE2 which were induced by LPS. Also, activation of IL-6 was reduced both protein and mRNA levels. The expressions of inflammatory mediator include iNOS and COX-2 were decreased by pretreatment with HDKHS. futhermore The result showed HDKHS down-regulate the LPS induced phosphorylation of ERK 1/2, one of the MAPK family, which is considered as a main regulator of transmission from pathogens to nucleus of immune cells.Conclusions : Our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of HDKHS may stem from the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators via suppression of initiation of inflammatory response by inhibiting MAPKs signaling pathways.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.115-136
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• 2013

이 연구는 사회복지사의 전문성과 이용자 옹호의 관계에 서비스과정에서의 이용자 권리에 대한 사회복지사의 인식 및 실행 정도가 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 한 것이다. 이를 위해 서울가톨릭 사회복지회에 등록된 기관을 대상으로 서베이를 실시하여 사회복지사 1급 자격증을 소지하고 있는 198명의 응답을 분석에 활용하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 전문성은 서비스과정에서의 이용자 권리에 대한 사회복지사의 인식과 실행에 직접적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 서비스과정에서 이용자 권리에 대한 사회복지사의 인식정도는 이용자 옹호에는 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 사회복지사의 전문성과 이용자 옹호의 관계에서, 서비스과정에서 이용자 권리에 관한 사회복지사의 인식과 실행 정도는 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 서비스과정에서 이용자 권리에 대한 인식정도는 옹호에 직접적 영향을 미치지 않고 권리 실행을 통해 간접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이를 바탕으로 이 연구는 사회복지에의 함의를 제시하고 있다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.907-913
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• 2008

Taraxci Herba (TH; Pogongyoung in Korean) has been used in traditional oriental medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The biological activity of this plant is not yet evaluated systematically. This study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of TH on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated Raw264.7 cells. The aim of the present work is to investigate a potential anti-inflammatory activity of TH. The Raw264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM medium for 24 h. After serum starvation for 12 h, the cells were treated with TH for 1 h, followed by stimulating NO production with LPS ($2{\mu}g/ml$). As result of this study, TH inhibited the levels of NO, PGE2, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$, and the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activated by LPS. These inhibitory effects were mediated though the inhibition of phosphorylation of inhibitory kappa B ($I{\kappa}B$). These findings showed that TH could have some anti-inflammatory effects.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.471-481
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• 2017

Objectives : Noemyeong-san (NMS) is a novel herbal prescription composed of five oriental medicinal herbs including Prunellae Spica, Betulae Cortex, Foeniculi Fructus, Asiasari Radix, and Clematidis Radix for treating Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of NMS on BV2 microglia to evaluate the potential action of this formula for preventing or treating neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. Methods : To determine the cytotoxicity of NMS on BV2 microglia, the MTT assay was performed. The effects of NMS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia were determined with a nitric oxide (NO) assay and western blots for inflammatory mediator-related proteins, mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) pathway-related proteins, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Result : NMS inhibited induction of iNOS and COX-2 as well as NO production without affecting the cell viability in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. NMS also suppressed activation of ERK and p38 MAPK among main kinases of MAPKs as well as NF-${\kappa}B$ by LPS stimulation. Furthermore, NMS dose-dependently induced the expression of HO-1 and the inhibitory effect of NMS on the production of NO were blocked by pretreatment with an HO-1 inhibitor, Snpp. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that NMS has potent anti-neuroinflammatory effect on the LPS-stimulated microglia. These findings provide evidences for NMS to be considered as a new prescription for preventing or treating neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease.