• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2014

Recently, in Korea, the septal extension graft from the septum or rib has become a common method of correcting a small or short nose. The success rate of this method has led to the blind faith that it provides superior tip projection and definition, and to the failure to notice its weaknesses. Even if there is a sufficient amount of cartilage, improper separation or fixation might waste the cartilage, resulting in an inefficient operation. Appropriate resection and effective fixation are essential factors for economical rhinoplasty. The septal extension graft is a remarkable procedure since it can control the nasal tip bidirectionally and three dimensionally. Nevertheless, it has a serious drawback since resection is responsible for septal weakness. Safe resection and firm reconstruction of the framework should be carried out. Operating on the basis of the principle of "safe harvest" and rebuilding the structures is important. Further, it is important to learn several techniques to manage septal weakness, insufficient cartilage quantity, and failure of the rigid frame during the surgery.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2000

In the present paper, we introduce fundamental results in the KKM theory for G-convex spaces which are equivalent to the Brouwer theorem, the Sperner lemma, and the KKM theorem. Those results are all abstract versions of known corresponding ones for convex subsets of topological vector spaces. Some earlier applications of those results are indicated. Finally, We give a new proof of the Himmelberg fixed point theorem and G-convex space versions of the von Neumann type minimax theorem and the Nash equilibrium theorem as typical examples of applications of our theory.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제27권5_6호
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• pp.1411-1427
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• 2009

We propose a model based on Lotka-Volterra dynamics with two competing spices which are affected not only by harvesting but also by the presence of a predator, the third species. Hyperbolic and linear response functions are considered. We derive the conditions for global stability of the system using Lyapunov function. The optimal harvest policy is studied and the solution is derived in the interior equilibrium case using Pontryagin's maximal principle. Finally, some numerical examples are discussed. The nature of variations in the two prey species and one predator species is studied extensively through graphical illustrations.

• 약학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 1985

The anthelmintic substance of the roasted fruits of Prunas mume against Clonorchis sinensis was isolated and its structure was identified by chemical and physical methods. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows: 1) The methanol extract of the roasted fruits of P. mume was fractionated into four parts: petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water soluble part. Among these, etherial fraction was found to have strong wormicidal effect on liberated metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. 2) From the etherial fraction, the wormicidal substance was isolated by silica gel, polyamide and sephadex column chromatography and identified to be 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) by chemical and spectral data. 3) 5-HMF was synthesized and administered to the rabbits infected with C. sinensis. On the 2nd day after administration, the EPG (eggs per gram in feces) reached to the maximal value. Among the adult worms isolated from the bile duct of the treated animal, 84% of worms were damaged morphologically. 4) The content of 5-HMF in the fruits of P. mume which were roasted in an oven at $90-110^{\circ}C$ for 52 hours and that in the fresh fruits was evaluated by HPLC. The content of 5-HMF was 0.8% in the roasted fruits and 0.02% in the fresh ones.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2015

The main purpose of this squib is to provide a new principled account for variation of canonical sentence structure in Korean and Japanese based on the linguistic data commonly observed in some dialects of Korean and Japanese. Unlike the English case in which Comp(lementizer) such as 'that' in an embedded clause freely drops as far as the ECP (Lasnik & Saito 1992) is obeyed, some dialects of both Korean and Japanese show interesting linguistic data very different from those of English, thereby leading us to reasonably doubt the traditionally-accepted paradigm of the canonical sentence structure of CP for all languages. In this squib I propose, based on Korean & Japanese dialects and by developing the Minimal Structure Principle (MSP) ($Bo{\check{s}}kovi{\acute{c}}$ 1997, p. 25), that the cannonical structure of a sentence is not fixed, from the beginning at all, to be one single maximal category, CP. Instead, it should be decided to be either CP or IP, based on the feature of [${\pm}$markedness] and MSP, and the marked (or non-cannonical) embedded sentence needs to satisfy ECP for adjacency (or feature-licensing by the matrix verb in the MP terminology).

• 대한수학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2009

Let $\zeta$ be a fixed complex number. In this paper, we study the quantity $S(\zeta,\;n):=mas_{f{\in}{\Lambda}_n}\;|f(\zeta)|$, where ${\Lambda}_n$ is the set of all real polynomials of degree at most n-1 with coefficients in the interval [0, 1]. We first show how, in principle, for any given ${\zeta}\;{\in}\;{\mathbb{C}}$ and $n\;{\in}\;{\mathbb{N}}$, the quantity S($\zeta$, n) can be calculated. Then we compute the limit $lim_{n{\rightarrow}{\infty}}\;S(\zeta,\;n)/n$ for every ${\zeta}\;{\in}\;{\mathbb{C}}$ of modulus 1. It is equal to 1/$\pi$ if $\zeta$ is not a root of unity. If $\zeta\;=\;\exp(2{\pi}ik/d)$, where $d\;{\in}\;{\mathbb{N}}$ and k $\in$ [1, d-1] is an integer satisfying gcd(k, d) = 1, then the answer depends on the parity of d. More precisely, the limit is 1, 1/(d sin($\pi$/d)) and 1/(2d sin($\pi$/2d)) for d = 1, d even and d > 1 odd, respectively.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권15호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2009

이 논문에서는 시각적으로 명암이 인간의 정서에 영향을 미친다는 그레이브스의 명암이론을 적용하여 "라이온 킹" 에서 사용된 명암의 유형을 분석하고 작품 내에서 시각적으로 표현된 명암이 내러티브에서 전개되는 정서의 흐름과 어떠한 관계를 맺고 있는지에 대한 유형을 분석하였다. 이를 통하여 명암이 시각이미지에 끼치는 영향과 더불어 정서적인 분위기 표현에 중요한 요소로 작용한다는 점을 규명하고자 하였다. 애니메이션에서는 실사 영화와는 달리 내러티브상에서 전개되는 캐릭터들의 정서적 변화에 따른 이미지 연출이 더욱 강조 된다. 이는 관객들의 감정이입을 강화시키는 중요한 수단이 된다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2002

Objectives: Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is a frequently recurring disease when treated with chemotherapy alone without enough surgical removal of the tuberculous lesions. Authors reviewed retrospectively the treatment result of antituberculous chemotherapy following almost complete surgical removal of tuberculous foci in the neck. Materials and Methods: A retrospective clinical review and analysis was made in 127 cases of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis patients treated during the past 10 years from 1989 to 1998 at the Department of General Surgery, Inje University Paik Hospital, Pusan. Results: 1) The peak age incidence was the 2nd decade(37.8%), and female was predominated over male by 2.3:1. 2) The time interval from the onset of symptoms to the first visit was less than 3 months in 60.6% of the patient. 3) The location of lymphadenitis was the right neck in 60%, the left neck 34%, and bilateral in 6% of the patient. 4) Signs on the first visit showed solitary masses(60%), abscess(25%) and both mixed(15%). 5) 25 patients(19%) had present or past history of tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis 12 patients, tuberculous lymphadenitis 10 patients, and others 3 patients. 6) Locations of tuberculous lymphadenitis were posterior cervical triangle 70, supraclavicular 51, submandibular 19, anterior triangle 16 and others 4 cases. 7) The principle of treatment of cervical lymphadenitis was surgical management followed by chemotherapy. Surgical procedures were excision(s), curettage and drainage of abscess, combination of both, and biopsy in 60%, 22%, 12% and 6% respectively. Mean duration of antituberculous medication was 9 months after surgery. 8) The rate of recurrent and persistent tuberculous lymphadenitis was 9% in 4 years follow up. Conclusion: Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is a frequently recurring disease in young adult when only antituberculous chemotherapy was employed without almost complete removal of the lesions. It is considered that antituberculous medications for 6-9 months after removing the foci at a maximal extent by surgical excision and curettage will reduce the recurrence rate or persistence of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제10D권2호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2003

단백질은 아미노산의 선형 중합체(linear polymer)로서 생체의 조직을 구성하고 각종 생화학 반응을 조절하는 역할을 하는 가장 중요한 생체 분자에 속한다. 이러한 단백질의 특성과 기능은 해당 단백질을 구성하는 아미노산의 서열에 의해 결정되기 때문에, 주어진 단백질의 서열을 알아내는 것은 단백질 기능 연구의 출발점이다. 본 논문은 기존의 생화학적 단백질 서열 결정 방법의 단점을 극복할 수 있는 데이터 마이닝 기반 단백질 서열 예측 기법을 제안한다. 복수개의 단백질 절단효소(protease)를 적용함으로써, 서로 중첩된 단백질 조각을 얻어내고, 각 조각의 질량 정보와 단백질 데이타베이스를 이용하여 후보 서열을 식별한다. 얻어진 후보 서열의 조립을 통해 전체 서열을 결정하기 위한, 다중 분할 그래프(multi-partite graph) 구축 및 경로 탐색 기법을 제안한다. 아울러, 대표적인 단백질 서열 데이타베이스인 SWISS-PROT을 이용한 실험을 통해 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

본 논문은 최대 매칭 문제(MCM)를 다루었다. MCM은 일반적으로 증대경로 기법으로 구한다. 일반 그래프에 대한 MCM을 구하는 증대경로 알고리즘으로는 $O({\sqrt{n}}m)$ 복잡도, 이분 그래프에 대해서는 O(m log n) 복잡도를 갖고 있다. 반면에, 본 논문에서는 주어진 그래프가 일반 그래프나 이분그래프의 그래프 종류에 상관없이 항상 O(n) 복잡도로 MCM을 구하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 "최대 매칭을 구하기 위해서는 가능한 많은 정점 쌍의 간선을 선택해야만 한다."는 기본 원리에 근거하여 최소차수 정점 u와 N_G(u)들 중 최소차수 정점 𝜐간 간선 {u,𝜐}를 𝜈(G)=k회 단순히 선택하는 간단한 방법이다. 제안된 알고리즘을 일반그래프와 이분그래프의 다양한 실험 데이터들에 적용한 결과 𝜈(G)를 정확하게 구할 수 있음을 보였다.