• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2019

For a nondegenerate irreducible projective variety, it is a classical problem to describe its defining equations. In this paper we precisely determine the defining equations of some rational curves of maximal regularity in ${\mathbb{P}}^4$ according to their rational parameterizations.

• 충청수학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 2023

We study permutatons that satisfy a necessary and sufficient condition for the equality of Fulton's essential set and the maximal-inversion-descent(MID) set.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• 제64권2호
• /
• pp.337-352
• /
• 2024

In this paper, first we show that all finite BCI-algebras are solvable. We then introduce the notion of a θ-pair for a maximal ideal of a BCI-algebra. Proving various properties of maximal θ-pairs, we use them to characterize solvable and nilpotent BCI-algebras.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2020

데이터마이닝 기법들은 의미 있고 유용한 정보를 효율적으로 찾기 위해서 제안되어 왔다. 특별히, 빅 데이터 환경에서 데이터가 여러 응용들에서 축적되어짐에 따라, 관련된 패턴 마이닝 방법들이 제안되고 있다. 최근에는 파일이나 데이터베이스에 이미 저장되어 있는 정적 데이터를 분석하는 대신에 점진적으로 생성되는 동적 데이터를 마이닝 하는 것이 더 흥미 있는 연구영역으로 고려되고 있는데 동적데이터는 단지 한번만 스캔하여 읽을 수 있기 때문이다. 이와 같은 이유로, 어떻게 동적 데이터를 효율적으로 마이닝 하는지에 대한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 더불어서, 마이닝 결과로 거대한 수의 패턴들이 생성되기 때문에, 맥시멀 패턴 마이닝과 같은 대표 패턴들을 마이닝하는 접근방법들도 제안되고 있다. 또 다른 이슈로, 실세계에서 더 의미있는 패턴들을 발견하기 위해, 가중화 패턴 마이닝에서 아이템들의 가중치가 사용되고 있다. 실제 상황에서 아이템의 이익이나 가격 등이 가중치로 사용 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 점진적으로 생성되는 데이터에 대한 가중화 맥시멀 패턴 마이닝, 맥시멀 대표 패턴 마이닝 그리고 점진적 패턴 마이닝 기법들에 대해 분석한다. 그리고 가중화 대표 패턴 마이닝을 적용하여서 유아들에게서 필요로 하는 물품 패턴들을 분석하기 위한 응용 시나리오를 제시한다. 추가로, 분석한 마이닝 알고리즘들에 대한 성능 평가를 수행한다. 결과적으로, 점진적 가중화 맥시멀 패턴 마이닝 기법이 점진적 가중화 패턴 마이닝과 가중화 패턴 마이닝 기법보다 좋은 성능을 가짐을 보인다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.427-432
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate muscle defect by ultrasonography in the patients with secondary deformities of the lip. We investigated the association between the muscle defect in the repaired cleft lip and the philtral appearance not only at resting state but also maximal puckering. Methods: From December 2006 to November 2007, 52 children were evaluated after primary or secondary cheiloplasty. Digital photographs were taken both from the front and both three quarter views in repose and at maximal pucker. Video clips were also taken in repose and at maximal pucker. A panel of four, scored the philtral ridge and dimple seen on these photographs and videos by using two visual analog scales. Eminence of the philtral ridge was scored by a 5 point grading scale, from "conspicuous groove" to "normal philtral ridge" and the philtral dimple was scored by 3 point grading scale, from "no dimple" to "prominent dimple". Ultrasound images of the upper lip were made using a linear array transducer at the resting position of the lip and evaluated by a single radiologist. Results: The philtral ridge eminence scored $2.79{\pm}0.54$ and $1.40{\pm}0.53$ at resting and maximal pucker, correlating with "flat" and "conspicous groove". The philtral dimpling scored $1.44{\pm}0.53$ and $2.27{\pm}0.66$ at resting and maximal pucker, correlating with "no dimple" and "slight dimple". Ultrasound imaging showed the average muscle dehiscence to be $3.78{\pm}2.14$ mm at resting position. Correlation between the muscle defect in ultrasound imaging and philtral ridge eminence at rest was statistically significant (p<0.050), but was not significant (p=0.756) at maximal pucker using Spearman's rank correlation. Correlation between the muscle defect in ultrasound imaging and philtral dimpling was not statistically significant both at rest (p=0.920) and at maximal pucker (p=0.815) using Spearman's rank correlation. Conclusion: Quantitative assessment of the muscle defect using ultrasonography correlates with the static philtral appearance, but does not correlate with the dynamic appearance. Also, the size of the muscle defect does not show any correlation with the philtral dimpling. Our findings reveal that ultrasound imaging partially reflect static appearance of philtrum but cannot reflect dynamic appearance and suggest the need for further research to evaluate dynamic appearance.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.271-284
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyse the EMG activity of selected muscles with balance taping treatment and blood fatigue makers which accumulated during exercise of progressive maximal intensity. Ten male college students who did not experience any cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal disease were participated in this study. Balance taping were applied to rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinous, semimembranous, and around knee joint. Isokinetic knee joint flexion/extension force, EMG activity, lactate and ammonia as blood fatigue makers during progressive maximal intensity exercise were measured for with/without applying balance taping. The results indicated that although flexion force of total work at $60^{\circ}/sec$ with taping was increased applied taping did not affect to the aerobic exercise ability parameters. Lactate level as blood fatigue makers during progressive maximal intensity exercise after taping was decreased but the ammonia level did not change with same treatment. In isokinetic knee joint test at the angular velocity of $60^{\circ}/sec$, $180^{\circ}/sec$, and $240^{\circ}/sec$ the taping treatment did not affect to any selected muscle EMG activities except maximal EMG of vastus lateralis at $240^{\circ}/sec$.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between clinical balance scales and Balance Performance Monitor parameters in patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods : Twenty AIS subjects (age, $14.26{\pm}1.93yrs$; height, $160.56{\pm}7.98cm$; weight, $47.54{\pm}6.94kg$)were participated in this study. Postural sway(mean balance, sway angle, sway area, sway path, maximal sway velocity) were were evaluated by balance performance monitor. Measurements for clinical balance scales were Functional reach test (both side), the Lateral reach test (both side) and One leg standing test (both legs). Results : The results were as follows. There were positive strong correlation between major curve direction and left-right sway angle, sway path, maximal sway velocity. There were negative strong correlation between the functional reach and left-right sway angle, sway area, sway path, maximal sway velocity. And the lateral reach were also showed negative strong correlation parameters of balance performance monitor. One leg standing were negatively correlated with left-right sway angle, sway path, maximal sway velocity. Conclusion : The clinical balance scales will be useful tools for balance measurements, and basic tools for clinical setting for patient with AIS.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.1029-1036
• /
• 1997

Let ${A_t)}_{t>0}$ be a dilation group given by $A_t = exp(-P log t)$, where P is a real $n \times n$ matrix whose eigenvalues has strictly positive real part. Let $\nu$ be the trace of P and $P^*$ denote the adjoint of pp. Suppose that $K$ is a function defined on $R^n$ such that $$\mid$K(x)$\mid$ \leq k($\mid$x$\mid$_Q)$ for a bounded and decreasing function $k(t) on R_+$ satisfying $k \diamond $\mid$\cdot$\mid$_Q \in \cup_{\varepsilon >0}L^1((1 + $\mid$x$\mid$)^\varepsilon dx)$ where $Q = \int_{0}^{\infty} exp(-tP^*) exp(-tP)$ dt and the norm $$\mid$\cdot$\mid$_Q$ stands for $$\mid$x$\mid$_Q = \sqrt{}, x \in R^n$. For $f \in L^1(R^n)$, define $mf(x) = sup_{t>0}$\mid$K_t * f(x)$\mid$$ where $K_t(X) = t^{-\nu}K(A_{1/t}^* x)$. Then we show that $m$ is a bounded operator of $L^1(R^n) into L^{1, \infty}(R^n)$.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.117-119
• /
• 1985

Let R be a commutative noetherian ring with 1.neq.0, denoting by .nu.(I) the cardinality of a minimal basis of the ideal I. Let A be a polynomial ring in n>0 variables with coefficients in R, and let M be a maximal ideal of A. Generally it is shown that .nu.(M $A_{M}$).leq..nu.(M).leq..nu.(M $A_{M}$)+1. It is well known that the lower bound is not always satisfied, and the most classical examples occur in nonfactional Dedekind domains. But in many cases, (e.g., A is a polynomial ring whose coefficient ring is a field) the lower bound is attained. In [2] and [3], the conditions when the lower bound is satisfied is investigated. Especially in [3], it is shown that .nu.(M)=.nu.(M $A_{M}$) if M.cap.R=p is a maximal ideal or $A_{M}$ (equivalently $R_{p}$) is not regular or n>1. Hence the problem of determining whether .nu.(M)=.nu.(M $A_{M}$) can be studied when p is not maximal, $A_{M}$ is regular and n=1. The purpose of this note is to provide some conditions in which the lower bound is satisfied, when n=1 and R is a regular local ring (hence $A_{M}$ is regular)./ is regular).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of an arm sling on gait with hemiparesis. Methods: Fifteen patients(8 male, 7 female) with hemiparesis participated in this study and walked self-selected speed over 10m walkway, randomly without arm sling, with Single strap hemisling and Rolyan humeral cuff sling. It were filmed by 5 video camera and used with 3-dimensional motion analyzer system. The following gait variables were analyzed: temporo-spatial parameters, kinematic parameters. Results: In the comparison of temporo-spatial parameters each trial, walking velocity and single support time on affected side was significantly increased and step length on affected side, step length asymmetry ratio, single support time asymmetry ratio was significantly decreased in the Single strap hemisling and Rolyan humeral cuff sling. In the comparison of kinematic parameters each trial, maximal angle of the hip flexion on affected side was significantly increased in the Single strap hemisling and Rolyan humeral cuff sling and maximal angle of the knee flexion on affected side was significantly increased in the Rolyan humeral cuff sling and maximal angle of the ankle dorsiflexion on affected side was significantly increased in the Single strap hemisling. Conclusion: An arm sling improved walking velocity and decreased asymmetry and increased maximal angle of hip, knee, ankle flexion on affected side with hemiparesis caused by stroke.