• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.519-532
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to make a comparative analysis of dietary habits, snacks, eating out and fast-food intake between students with a relatively early sexual maturity and others with a relatively late sexual maturity in a bid to grasp the impact of dietary behaviors on sexual maturity. The subjects in this study were 565 boys and girls who resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. They included fifth- and sixth-grade school children and seventh-grade middle school students. To classify the selected students according to the level of sexual maturity, the students of the same month age were divided into two groups in consideration of the stage of their sexual maturity and that of the other age groups. The early mature group was significantly taller and weighed more than the late mature group irrespective of gender. According to Tanner stages, the boys of the early mature group reached a 3.03 stage of sexual maturity when the sexual organs were taken into account, and those of the late mature group reached a 1.50 stage of sexual maturity. The girls of the early mature group reached a 3.43 stage of sexual maturity on the basis of breast, and those of the late mature group reached a 2.73 stage of sexual maturity. Concerning eating out, the early mature group ate out more frequently than the late mature group. In regard to snacks, the early mature group had a snack more often. The findings of the study indicated that there were differences in physical development and some dietary behaviors according to sexual maturity. The early mature group had a snack and ate out relatively more often than the late mature group, which showed that some dietary behaviors had an impact on the sexual maturity of the teens who arrived at the age of puberty.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 1990

To investigate the relationship of skeletal maturity among the normal occlusion group and each malocclusion groups, the author used hand and wrist X-ray of 133 Korean 13 year old boys (normal occlusion 30, Class I malocclusion 35, Class II malocclusion 35 and Class III malocclusion 33) and assessed their skeletal maturity. In this study, fourteen skeletal maturity stages were selected from; Radius, Hamate, Pisiform, Ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the first thumb, proximal phalanges of the first, second and third finger, middle and distal phalanx of the third finger. The difference of skeletal maturity of each malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group and that of each malocclusion groups were analyzed. The findings of this study can be summerized as follows: 1. Average skeletal maturity stage of each groups were MP3cap stage in normal occlusion group, H-2 stage in Class I malocclusion group, midstage between S and H-2 stage in Class II malocclusion group, MP3cap stage in Class III malocclusion group. 2. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity of Class I malocclusion and Class III malocclusion groups in relative to normal occlusion group. 3. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to normal occlusion group. 4. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class II malocclusion groups. 5. There was no significant difference in skeletal maturity between Class I and Class III malocclusion groups. 6. There was significant retardation of skeletal maturity in Class II malocclusion group in relative to Class III malocclusion group.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a small group collaboration learning program through MBTI on nursing professional self-concept and career maturity of nursing college students. Method: A randomized control pre-post test experimental research design was used. There were 30 sophomore nursing students in the experimental group and 30 in the control group randomly assigned and randomly selected from the nursing program of T University in Daegu, Korea. The program through MBTI was developed by Kwon (2002) using a program by Shim and Kim (1997) as treatment. The experimental group received the program through MBTI for 30 hours (2 times a week for 15 weeks) while the control group received no treatment except a series of tests. Measures were the MBTI test, nursing professional self-concept scale, and career maturity scale. The data were analyzed with SPSS Win 17.0 program, chi-square test, and t-test. Result: The experimental group which received the program through MBTI had a higher score of nursing professional self-concept and career maturity change than the control group. Conclusion: A small group collaboration learning program through MBTI was effective in increasing nursing professional self-concept and career maturity of nursing college students.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.103-106
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• 2020

We investigated the biological maturation of blackthroat seaperch Doederleinia berycoides in southern Korea waters, based on samples collected from March 2018 to February 2019. We analyzed monthly changes in maturity stage, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and total length (TL) at 50%, 75% and 97.5% group maturity. The spawning period was May to October in 2018. We estimated the TL at 50% group maturity as 27.0 cm for females in 2018. We estimated the TL of females at 75% and 97.5% group maturity as 28.7 cm and 32.7 cm, respectively, in 2018.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.99-122
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of a career education program during a discretional activity class in elementary school. It established the following questions to achieve the objectives. First, does a career education program In a discretional activity class have an effect on elementary schooler's career maturity? Second, does a career education program in a discretional activity class make an influence on elementary schooler's self-concept? To settle these subjects, it assigned two classes in 5th grade of A elementary school, city of Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, experiment group and control group. It was applied the experiment group a career education program. As for measurement, it was used career maturity level test for elementary and middle schoolers' and 'the self-concept diagnostic test'. It was examined career maturity and self-concept of the groups through the pre-test post-test, applying cross-tabulation analysis to career choices pattern and t-test to career maturity level and self-concept. The results were as follows: First, students of experiment group showed meaningful differences in career choice pattern, career choice attitude, and career choosing skills compared to control group, and that presented a career education program made a positive impact on elementary schooler's career maturity. Second, it showed that there was a significant difference in self-concept, showing students of experiment group took better place. it is believed that a career education program had a potent influence on the self-concept of elementary students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 1983

To obtain basic information on the breeding of burley tobacco, classification of 41 varieties was carried out by using the cluster analysis of correlation coefficients and taxonomic distance based on twenty-one agromonic characters. Eight characters, such as days to flowering, length of flower axis, internode length, leaf length, yield, leaf angle to stem, vein angle to midrib and plant height, were useful in monothetic classification. Forty-one varieties were classified into four groups (I, II, III and IV) with weighted variable group method (WVGM ) and weighted jai. group method(WPGM), whereas the results classification of 33 varieties among them by WVGM were coincident with the results by WPGM. As for the characteristics of each group, group I related to late maturity, tall height and high yield, group II related to intermediate maturity, tall height and low yield, group 19 related to early maturity, intermediate height and low yield, and group W related to early maturity, short height and intermediate yield.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between skeletal maturity and heart rate variability (HRV) based on the bone age and HRV parameters. Methods 103 children from 6 years to 17 years of age, who do not have any disease-related symptom, and visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ oriental medicine hospital, are measured based on their bone age and short-term spectral analysis of HRV. Results 1. Skeletal maturity was significantly correlated with HRV indices: mean HRT and SDNN. As the skeletal maturity increases, the mean HRT was decreased and the SDNN was increased. 2. When classifying according to the skeletal maturity score, the mean HRT was higher in the 'below -0.4' group compare to '-0.3~0.7' group and '0.8~1.9' group. SDNN was higher in the '0.8~1.9' group compare to '-0.3~0.7' group, 'below -0.4' group 3. When classifying according to the sex, age and secondary sexual characteristics, as the skeletal maturity was increased, the mean HRT was significantly decreased and the SDNN was significantly increased only in the boys who did not develop secondary sexual characteristics. Conclusions Skeletal maturity could be statistically significant with HRV indices, especially to the boys and the children than the girls and the teenagers.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.319-325
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate differences in skeletal maturity in relation to vertical facial types and to compare differences in the skeletal maturity of the cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist in females. Methods: This study included 59 females aged 7 to 9 years with skeletal Class I malocclusion. The participants were categorized into three groups (low, normal, and high) according to the mandibular plane angle. Skeletal maturity was measured using skeletal maturity indicators (SMIs) and the Tanner-Whitehouse III (TW3) method on hand-wrist radiographs and by using cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMIs) on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Results: The SMI was higher in the high-angle group than in the low-angle group (p = 0.014). The median TW3 bone age was 11.4 months higher in the high-angle group than in the low-angle group (p = 0.032). There was no significant difference in CVMI among the three groups. Skeletal maturity showed a weakly positive correlation with the mandibular plane angle (SMI, r = 0.391; TW3, r = 0.333; CVMI, r = 0.259). Conclusions: The skeletal maturity of the hand-wrist in females with a high mandibular plane angle was higher than that in females with a low mandibular plane angle. Obtaining additional hand-wrist radiographs may facilitate evaluation of skeletal maturity of females. In females with a high mandibular angle, the time to commence orthodontic treatment may be earlier than that in females with a low mandibular angle.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2012

Objectives This study was designed to find out the relationships between obesity and growth, skeletal maturity among children by analyzing body composition and bone age. Methods Subjects were composed of 577 children from six years to seventeen years of age, without any other diseases related to growth, were measured their body composition and bone age. Results As obesity index was increased, the RH-MPH(%) and skeletal maturity significantly was also increased. The RH-MPH(%) of the obesity group was significantly increased than that of normal weight group; the skeletal maturity was more increased in th obesity group. It means the recent height of obese children was more taller than that of inherited from the parents, while skeletal maturity of obese children was more rapidly progressing. The RH-MPH(%) was increased in children who revealed stage of second sexual character; skeletal maturity was decreased in children who developed secondary sexual character. Conclusions Obesity children might be taller than what it supposed to be. However, obesity could cause the increase of skeletal maturity. It means the growth plate of obese children has been closed early.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.43-59
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop a Career Group Counseling Program to increase the career maturity, career-identity and career-decision self-efficacy of high school students, and to examine the effectiveness of such a program. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the program thus developed, an experimental group which was exposed to the program and a control group without exposure to the program were compared. The program was administered over eight weekly sessions, each session lasting ninety minutes. The subjects in this study consisted of twenty four students. The experimental group and a control group were organized with twelve students in each. For the purpose of data processing, SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the statistical results. The Career Maturity Scale, the Identity Scale, and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale were used in a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test. The findings of this study were as follows : The treatment group exhibited a significant statistically increasing degree of career maturity, career-identity and career-decision self-efficacy levels in comparison to the control group. The results of the study indicated the effectiveness of this newly developed Career Group Counseling Program on increasing career maturity, career-identity and career-decision self-efficacy levels.