• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2009

Effective parenting attitudes have been known to be associated with children's health practices including dietary intake and physical activity. The objective of this study is to compare children's body weights and eating habits by maternal parenting attitudes. Data were collected at school (N = 396; 4th and 5th grade students) using self-administered questionnaires on maternal parenting attitudes, eating habits and physical activity. Parenting attitudes were categorized as 1 of 4 parenting attitudes (overprotective, authoritarian, democratic, and neglectful) using affection and control median cut points. Children's body weights, frequency of breakfast, eating out and fastfood, and physical activity were compared by maternal parenting attitudes. Children's body weights were related with mother's employment status (p < 0.05) and parenting attitudes (p < 0.01). Children of unemployed mothers were more likely to be overweight. Children of neglectful mothers (p < 0.01) were more likely to be underweight, compared with children of mothers with other parenting attitudes. Since, unfortunately, the number of children of neglectful mothers was very limited in this study, we could hardly assess eating habits of children of neglectful mothers. Children of authoritarian mothers ate breakfast more regularly (p < 0.05), but ate snacks less regularly (p < 0.01). Children of democratic mothers ate fastfood less frequently (p < 0.01) and ate snacks more regularly (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, children of overprotective mothers ate breakfast less regularly (p < 0.05) and ate out less frequently (p < 0.01). However, maternal parenting attitudes were not related to children's physical activities. In conclusion, the maternal democratic parenting attitude was associated with healthy eating habits including regular snack time and less fastfood. On the other hand, the maternal neglectful parenting attitude was associated with high risk of children's underweight. Understanding the mechanism through which parenting attitude is related with underweight risk and healthy eating habits may lead to the development of better interventions.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.163-176
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the longitudinal causal relationships between maternal parenting stress and parenting attitudes. Relevant data from mothers with infants aged from 2 to 4 years of age was gathered from the Panel Study of Korean Children were analyzed by means of Latent Growth Modeling. The findings are as follows, First, levels of parenting stress increased whereas the extent of positive parenting attitudes decreased as children grow older. Second, the initial value of parenting stress was observed to have a negative effect on the initial value of positive parenting attitudes. Third, those mothers who generally have faster speeds of increasing parenting stress tend to have faster speeds of decreases in positive parenting attitudes. What this study clearly revealed is that the positive parenting attitudes of mothers with infants tend to improve when the mothers try to efficiently deal with their parenting stress by either acquiring appropriate parenting knowledge or receiving support from their families and communities.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.341-352
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• 2019

This study examined the effect of maternal positive parenting attitudes on school adjustment among multi-cultural adolescents in Korea and investigated if multi-cultural adolescents' ego-resiliency mediates the relationship between maternal positive parenting attitudes and school adjustment. We used panel data from the fifth wave (2015) of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) collected by the National Youth Policy Institute. Participants were 1,297 multi-cultural adolescents (639 boys, 658 girls) who are second-year middle school students and have foreign mothers. SPSS 25.0 performed descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The structural equation model (SEM) was estimated with Mplus 5.12. The results of this study were as follows. First, a higher level of maternal positive parenting attitudes were related to higher level of ego-resiliency and school adjustment for multi-cultural adolescents. Second, maternal positive parenting attitudes had an indirect effect on school adjustment for multi-cultural adolescents via ego-resiliency. The results of this study indicate that maternal positive parenting behaviors would help improve the school adjustment of multi-cultural adolescents by increasing the level of ego-resiliency. In addition, the results of this study suggest that improving ego-resiliency for multi-cultural adolescents can be an effective method to help in school adjustment, as well as education for maternal parenting attitude.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.1 s.203
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• pp.35-51
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of marital parenting stress with preschool children on parenting attitudes, as measured by the 'Parent As A Teacher Inventory' (PAAT). From the mothers in Daegu, with 3-to 6-year-old preschool children, 138 subjects were selected. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, there was no significant difference in the maternal parenting stress according to demographic variables. Second, there were significant differences in the parenting attitudes according to the child's age, income, parent's occupation, and maternal educational level. Third, the child's domain of parenting stress affected the control and teaching/learning area of parenting attitudes. The parent's domain of parenting stress affected the creativity, frustration, and control area of parenting attitudes.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate parenting attitudes and to identify factors influencing this parenting attitude in mothers of children with hemophilia. Method: The participants in this study were 119 mothers of children with hemophilia (under 18 years of age) who were registered members of the Korea Hemophilia Foundation. Data were collected using the Mother-Infant Attachment Scale, Maternal Guilt Scale and Parenting Attitude Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS program. Results: The parenting attitude was 3.02 (total possible score=4). By subcategories, achievement attitude was the highest (3.45). Of the factors influencing parenting attitudes, mother-child attachment, maternal guilt and self-esteem account for 45.6% of the variance. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that attitudes of parents of children with hemophilia were positive. As mother-child attachment and maternal guilt were identified as major factors in predicting parenting attitudes, there is a need to consider interventions that will increase mother-child attachment and decrease maternal guilt.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.23-42
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between maternal parenting attitudes and social competence in preschool children with disabilities. Among 3-to 7-year-old preschool children with disabilities in Daegu, 121 pairs of mother-child subjects were selected. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the control area of maternal parenting attitudes on PMT according to child's age. Second, there were significant differences in the teacher ratings of social competence according to the severity of disability, child's age and father's education level. Third, the creativity area of maternal attitudes was significantly correlated with social competence.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.119-135
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• 2009

This study investigated how perceived social support, self-esteem and parenting attitudes of mothers relates to children's social competence and explored the mediating role of parenting attitudes in multicultural families. Participants were 67 immigrant women and their children aged 4-6. Instruments were the Social Support Scale (Park, 1985), Maternal Behavior Instrument (Lee, 1986), Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Social Competence Scale (Doh & Falbo, 1994). Data were analyzed by Pearson's Correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicated that social support perceived by mothers related positively to their self-esteem and positive parenting, and to children's social competence. Mothers' self-esteem related positively to their positive parenting and to children's social competence. Maternal parenting behavior mediated the effects of social support and self-esteem on children's social competence.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the maternal parenting stress and related variables through early childhood in rural areas (Iksan and Kimpo). The subject were 134 mothers who have less than 5-year old children. The statistics used for this data were freguency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. The main results obtained from this study were as follows. The degree of maternal parenting stress differed according to level of mother's education, sex of the child, physical and mental health of the mother, child rearing attitudes, mother's level of self-differentiation, marital satisfaction, and father's parenting support. Results of the regression analysis that the etiologic model of this study were that father's parenting support is the most effective variables in rural areas.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.111-122
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• 2009

The relations of mothers' attitudes regarding maternal employment to mothers' psychological well-being, mothers' parenting sensitivity and children's social competence were examined for mothers who worked full-time (extensively) from age 6 months of their children on, mothers who were not employed, and mothers who worked part-time or inconsistently during their children's early years. Longitudinal observations of 1,034 mothers and children in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care from age one month to first grade were analyzed using structural equation models. As predicted, mothers and children benefited when maternal attitudes were consistent with mother's actual employment status. Among extensively employed mothers, those with positive attitudes about employment had better psychological well-being; among mothers who were not employed, those who believed that maternal employment would have negative consequences for children's development reported better psychological well-being. The findings suggested that whether the mother's status of employment is congruent with their beliefs, not whether the mother is working or not, predicted the mother's well-being and their child's social development.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.277-292
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between infant's attachment and maternal parenting attitudes of 12 months infants and to verify the child's problem behaviors according to the patterns of attachment. There was no statistical significant difference between the maternal parenting attitudes and the patterns of infant's attachment. But the latter infants had been fed the more they showed secured attachment. Infants fostered under mothers having a good relationship with brother's family husband, and having a satisfaction of environmental factors had more secured attachment. There was the statistical significant difference between the patterns of attachment and child's problem behaviors. In securely attached children showed more immature insecure antisocial behaviors and habit disorders. As the results the maternal parenting attitude influenced infants's patterns of attachment to their mothers. And childern's problem behaviors were influenced by the patterns of attachment.