• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.491-504
• /
• 2012

In this paper, the nonlinear cylindrical bending of simply supported, functionally graded nanocomposite plates reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), is studied. The plates are subjected to uniform pressure loading in thermal environments and their geometric nonlinearity is introduced in the strain-displacement equations based on Von-Karman assumptions. The material properties of SWCNTs are assumed to be temperature-dependent and are obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. The material properties of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composites (FG-CNTCRs) are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction, and are estimated through a micromechanical model. The governing equations are reduced to linear differential equation with nonlinear boundary conditions yielding a simple solution procedure. Numerical results are presented to show the effect of the material distribution on the deflections and stresses.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.413-426
• /
• 2012

In this paper, nonlinear static analysis of three-dimensional cable stayed bridges is performed for the time dependent materials properties such as creep, shrinkage and aging of concrete and relaxation of cable. Manavgat Cable-Stayed Bridge is selected as an application. The bridge located in Antalya, Turkey, was constructed with balanced cantilever construction method. Total length of the bridge is 202 m. The bridge consists of one $\ddot{e}$ shape steel tower. The tower is at the middle of the bridge span. The construction stages and 3D finite element model of bridge are modeled with SAP2000. Large displacement occurs in these types of bridges so geometric nonlinearity is taken into consideration in the analysis by using P-Delta plus large displacement criterion. The time dependent material strength and geometric variations are included in the analysis. Two different finite element analyses carried out which are evaluated with and without construction stages and results are compared with each other. As a result of these analyses, variation of internal forces such as bending moment, axial forces and shear forces for bridge tower and displacement and bending moment for bridge deck are given with detailed. It is seen that construction stage analysis has a remarkable effect on the structural behavior of the bridge.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.141-156
• /
• 2019

This paper presents the flexural behaviour of stainless steel beam-to-tubular column joints with extended endplates subjected to static loading. Moment-rotation relationships were investigated numerically by using Abaqus software with geometric and material nonlinearity considered. The prediction of damages among components was achieved through ductile damage models, and the influence of initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses was evaluated in large fabricated stainless steel joints involving hollow columns and concrete-filled columns. Parametric analysis was subsequently conducted to assess critical factors that could affect the flexural performance significantly in terms of the initial stiffness and moment resistance. A comparison between codes of practice and numerical results was thereafter made, and design recommendations were proposed for further applications. Results suggest that the finite element model can predict the structural behaviour reasonably well with the component damage consistent with test outcomes. Initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses are shown to have little effect on the moment-rotation responses. A series of parameters that can influence the joint behaviour remarkably include the strain-hardening exponents, stainless steel strength, diameter of bolts, thickness of endplates, position of bolts, section of beams and columns. AS/NZS 2327 is more reliable to predict the joint performance regarding the initial stiffness and moment capacity compared to EN 1993-1-8.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 1991

An efficient numerical procedure for material and geometric nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shells under monotonically increasing loads through their elastic, inelastic and ultimate load ranges is developed by using the finite element method. The 8-node Serendipity isoparametric element developed by the degeneration approach including the transverse shear deformation is used. A layered approach is used to represent the steel reinforcement and to discretize the concrete behavior through the thickness. The total Lagrangian formulation based upon the simplified Von Karman strain expressions is used to take into account the geometric nonlinearity of the structure. The material nonlinearities are taken into account by comprising the tension, compression, and shear models of cracked concrete and a model for reinforcement in the concrete; and also a so-called smeared crack model is incorporated. The steel reinforcement is assumed to be in a uniaxial stress state and is modelled as a smeared layer of equivalent thickness. This method will be verified a useful tool to account for geometric and material nonlinearities in detailed analysis of reinforced concrete concrete shells of general form through numerical examples of the sequential paper( ).

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.729-737
• /
• 2017

Piezoelectric composite laminates are a powerful material system that offers vast options to improve structural behavior. Successful design of piezoelectric adaptive structures and testing of control laws call for highly accurate, reliable and numerically efficient numerical tools. This paper puts focus onto linear and geometrically nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of smart structures made of such a material system. For this purpose, highly efficient linear 3-node and 4-node finite shell elements are proposed. Both elements employ the Mindlin-Reissner kinematics. The shear locking effect is treated by the discrete shear gap (DSG) technique with the 3-node element and by the assumed natural strain (ANS) approach with the 4-node element. Geometrically nonlinear effects are considered using the co-rotational approach. Static and dynamic examples involving actuator and sensor function of piezoelectric layers are considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.164-176
• /
• 1996

The main intention of this paper is to develop and compare the algorithm based on finite element procedures for nonlinear transient dynamic analysis which has combined effects of material and geometric nonlinearities. Incremental equilibrium equations based on the principle of virtual work are derived by the finite element approach. For the elasto - plastic large deformation analysis of shells and the determination of the displacement-time configuration under time-varying loads, the explicit, implicit and combined explicit-implicit time integration algorithm is adopted. In the time structure is selected and the results are compared with each others. Isoparametric 8-noded quadrilateral curved elements are used for shell structure in the analysis and for geometrically nonlinear elastic behaviour, a total Lagrangian coordinate system was adopted. On the other hands, material nonlinearity is based on elasto-plastic models with Von-Mises yield criteria. Thus, the combined explicit-implicit time integration algorithm is benefit in general case of shell structure, which is the result of this paper.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.87-101
• /
• 2020

A multi-scale epoxy/CNT/fiberglass annular sector plate is studied in this paper in the view of determining nonlinear forced vibration characteristics. A 3D Mori-Tanaka model is employed for evaluating multi-scale material properties. Thus, all of glass fibers are assumed to have uni-direction alignment and CNTs have random diffusion. The geometry of annular sector plate can be described based on the open angle and the value of inner/outer radius. In order to solve governing equations and derive exact forced vibration curves for the multi-scale annular sector, Jacobi elliptic functions are used. Obtained results demonstrate the significance of CNT distribution, geometric nonlinearity, applied force, fiberglass volume, open angle and fiber directions on forced vibration characteristics of multi-scale annular sector plates.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.566-571
• /
• 2007

In this study, it is investigated the thermal post-buckling characteristics of step-formed FG panel under the heat and supersonic flow. Material properties are assumed to be temperature dependent as well as continuously varying in the thickness direction of the panel according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of the constituent. First-order shear deformation theory(FSDT) of plate is applied to model the panel, and the von Karman strain-displacement relations are adopted to consider the geometric nonlinearity due to large deformation. Also, the first-order piston theory is used to model the supersonic aerodynamic load acting on a panel. Numerical results are summarized to reveal the thermal post-buckling behaviors of FG panels with various volume fractions, temperature conditions and aerodynamic pressures in detail.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.361-371
• /
• 2020

Exact solution for nonlinear behavior of clamped-clamped functionally graded (FG) buckled beams is presented. The effective material properties are considered to vary along the thickness direction according to exponential-law form. The in-plane inertia and damping are neglected, and hence the governing equations are reduced to a single nonlinear fourth-order partial-integral-differential equation. The von Kármán geometric nonlinearity has been considered in the formulation. Galerkin procedure is used to obtain a second order nonlinear ordinary equation with quadratic and cubic nonlinear terms. Based on the mode of the corresponding linear problem, which readily satisfy the boundary conditions, the frequencies for the nonlinear problem are obtained using the Jacobi elliptic functions. The effects of various parameters such as the Young's modulus ratio, the beam slenderness ratio, the vibration amplitude and the magnitude of axial load on the nonlinear behavior are examined.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.69
• /
• pp.201-213
• /
• 2004

A GA-based optimum design algorithm and a program for plane steel frame structures with semi-rigid connections are presented. The algorithm is incorporated with the refined plastic hinge analysis method wherein geometric nonlinearity is considered by using the stability functions of beam-column members, and material nonlinearity, by using the gradual stiffness degradation model that includes the effects of residual stresses, moment redistribution through the occurrence of plastic hinges, semi-rigid connections, and geometric imperfection of members. In the genetic algorithm, the tournament selection method and micro-GAs are employed. The fitness function for the genetic algorithm is expressed as an unconstrained function composed of objective and penalty functions. The objective and penalty functions are expressed as the weight of steel frames and the constraint functions, respectively. In particular, the constraint functions fulfill the requirements of load-carrying capacity, serviceability, ductility, and construction workability. To verify the appropriateness of the present method, the optimal design results of two plane steel frames with rigid and semi-rigid connections are compared.