• 천문학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.271-273
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• 2001

We present a 4-parameter implicit Lagrangean code which satisfies conservation of mass, linear and angular momenta, energy and entropy simultaneously. The primary advantage of this scheme is possibility to control dissipative properties of the scheme avoiding the effects of numerical viscosity.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2002

A numerical study on the use of the momentum interpolation method for flows with a large body force is presented. The inherent problems of the momentum interpolation method are discussed first. The origins of problems of the momentum interpolation methods are the validity of linear assumptions employed for the evaluation of the cell-face velocities, the enforcement of mass conservation for the cell-centered velocities and the specification of pressure and pressure correction at the boundary. Numerical experiments are performed for a typical flow involving a large body force. The numerical results are compared with those by the staggered grid method. The fact that the momentum interpolation method may result in physically unrealistic solutions is demonstrated. Numerical experiments changing the numerical grid have shown that a simple way of removing the physically unrealistic solution is a proper grid refinement where there is a large pressure gradient. An effective way of specifying the pressure and pressure correction at the boundary by a local mass conservation near the boundary is proposed, and it is shown that this method can effectively remove the inherent problem of the specification of pressure and pressure correction at the boundary when one uses the momentum interpolation method.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.95-104
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• 1994

사행특성을 가진 복합하도에서의 홍수파해석을 위하여 사행도 모형을 개발하였다. 사행도 모형을 지배 방정식, 질량보존 오차 및 홍수파 해석 등을 통하여 기존의 세가지 홍수터 모형과 비교하였다. 사행도 모형에 의한 오차는 1.5-1.8% 정도로 나타났으나 분리하도 모형의 경우에는 1.5, 2.0의 사행도에서 각각 9.1, 27.4%로 큰 오차가 발생하였다. 사행도 모형은 홍수터를 가진 사행하도에서의 홍수전달 특성해석을 위하여 적용되었다. 사행도 모형에 의한 수치실험 결과, 홍수터의 조도와 홍수터의 하폭이 증가할수록, 사행도가 감소할수록 감쇠비와 유하시간비는 증가하였다. 본 모형은 보합하도 단면을 가지며 사행하는 국내 하천에서의 부정류 해석에 적용성이 클 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2005

This work described some essential factors necessary for micro-propagation of banana for mass production of synthetic seeds for germ plasm conservation, and how peroxides activity of conserved tissue was influenced. Shoot tips of field grown plants were used to obtain shoot clusters on shoot proliferation medium (MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l BAP). Using longitudinally-split shoot tip technique, 18720, 8640, 7488, 2016 plantlets were obtained from one shoot tip of Maghraby, Grand Naine, Balady, and Williams, respectively, in six subculture, one month each, on solid medium. Shoot tips excised from in vitro grown plantlets were encapsulated in calcium-alginate beads and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for one month on half-strength MS basal medium without growth regulators or sugars. After one month all the viable-conserved synseeds formed shoots when they were transferred to MS basal medium, some of them showed synchronous formation of shoot and root systems in one week. Plants retrieved from encapsulated shoot tips were hardened off and transferred to soil.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.295-307
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• 2019

In the process of the conservation treatment of the glass eyes of the stone standing Maitreya of Daejosa temple, Buyeo (Treasure No. 217), a blackish material, expected to be the adhesive for fixing the glass eyes, was collected and analyzed. Infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis/GC/MS) were employed to identify the organic material in the sample. The IR analysis revealed the presence of materials such as apatite or bone black. The pyrogram of the sample was similar to that of Asian lacquer, among traditional adhesives. In particular, the pyrolysis/GC/MS analysis with online methylation detected 1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene, methyl 7-(2,3- dimethoxyphenyl) heptanoate, and methyl 8-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)octanoate. These are known to be the pyrolysis products of catechol and its oxidation product, which indicated the presence of Asian lacquer in the sample. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and thermal gravimetry analysis showed that the sample contained ca. 60% inorganic substances, including apatite. Radiocarbon dating of the sample suggested that the blackish material was applied between the late 13^th and early 15^th century, revealing some discrepancy with the art-historical manufacturing time of the Maitreya. From the above analysis, it was concluded that Asian lacquer and bone ash were used to attach the glass eyes by forming a thick blackish lacquer layer.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2018

경북 경산에 위치한 원삼국시대 고분인 임당1호분에서 출토된 칠초 철제 고리자루칼의 칠편에 대해 칠의 구성성분과 풍화상태를 확인하기 위해 열분해/GC/MS법으로 유기물을 분석하였다. 직접 열분해/GC/MS법에서 칠편과 원주산 건조옻이 대체적으로 유사한 크로마토그램을 보였다. THM(thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation)-열분해/GC/MS법의 경우 칠편에서 한국에 자생하는 옻나무 종의 특징적인 성분(1,2-dimethoxy-3-pentadecylbenzene 등)이 관찰되었다. 또한, dimethyl nonanedioate 등 건성유에서 비롯되는 것으로 보이는 성분도 검출되었다. 칠편에서 산화된 catechol 성분이 다량 검출되는 것으로 보아 칠의 열화가 우루시올 성분의 산화와 관련 있을 것으로 추정된다. 이로부터 임당1호분 고리자루칼 칠은 옻과 건성유를 사용하였고 오랜 시간의 경과로 산화가 많이 진행된 상태인 것으로 판단된다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2019

청주 송절동유적 출토 마형대구 29점의 납동위원소비 분석결과를 활용하여 납의 원료산지를 확인하고, 출토지와의 연관성을 확인하고자 하였다. 먼저 동북아시아 방연석 분포도(Mabuchi, 1985) 대입결과 대부분 중국 남부영역 내에서 매우 밀집한 분포 경향성을 나타내었으며, 한반도 납동위원소 분포도 적용결과 전라도와 충청도 지역에 해당하는 영남육괴 및 옥천변성대 지역인 Zone 3으로 확인되었다. 따라서 청주 송절동유적 출토 마형대구는 출토지와 유사한 지역에 위치한 방연석 광산에서 채취한 원료를 사용하여 제작하였을 것으로 볼 수 있다. 이와 함께 한반도 마형대구 출토 중심지역에 해당하는 중서부지역의 미호천유역 및 안성천유역 출토 마형대구 38점의 납동위원소비 분석결과와 비교하여 해당 문화권 내 마형대구 제작에 사용된 납 원료산지의 연관성 및 지역적 특성을 확인하였다. 향후 시대적 지역적 특성을 나타내는 마형대구를 대상으로 한 납동위원소비 분석결과를 축적하여 추가적인 원료산지 비교분석 연구를 통해 한반도 출토 마형대구의 납 원료산지에 대한 종합적인 정보를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.108-113
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• 1998

A numerical investigation for the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics of the grooved evaporating tube with the films flowing down on both the inside and outside tube walls has been carried out. The condensation occurs along the outside wall while the evaporation takes place at the free surface of the inside film. The 3-D transport equations for momentum and energy are solved by using the FVM(Finite Volume Method). The free surface shape is tracked by the moving grid technique satisfying the SCL(Space Conservation Rule). Due to the secondary motion of the fluid, the film thins at the crest, while thickens at the valley. The velocity and temperature fields as well as the amounts of the condensed and evaporated mass have been successfully predicted for various operating conditions and groove shapes.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.262-268
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• 1992

The trend of international concerns on environmental conservation and domestic demand of ambient air quality improvement, specially on sulfur dioxide level has resulted in the establishment of mid-term strategy of environmental improvement and stepwise strengthening of emission regulations in this decade in Korea. Development of flue gas desulfurization(FGD) process is becoming an essential task to be accomplished especially for the power plants and large industrial facilities. This study is an initial stage researc focusing on the mass transfer principles in wet type FGD process and the effects of operating variables of a jet bubbling scrubber utilizing limestone slurry on sulfur dioxide removal efficiency. Experimental results showed this type of scrubbing system has some advantages in terms of mass transfer mechanism and removal efficiency. More rigorous research is needed for the reaction system and the comparison with existing FGD processess for the possible development of a process which is compatative in view of installation cost and treatment of by-products.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.154-164
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• 2003

This paper has applied a simple model to the mass transfer mechanism of Cr(VI) with crownether in a batch-type, supported liquid membrane module. Concentration at pH 3 are as follows : 0.012 kmol/$m^3{\le}$18-crown-6${\le}$0.036 kmol/$m^3$ and 20 g/$m^3{\le}$ Cr(VI)${\le}$500 g/$m^3$. The measured values of forward- and backward-reaction rate constants between Cr(VI) and 18-crown-6 were used to simulate the model with the mass conservation equation and associated boundary conditions. Comparison between the experimental and simulated facilitated factor of Cr(VI) transport led to classification of reaction regions.