• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.47-64
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• 2020

For the past few years, the Korean government has been consistently expanding its national research & development budget to accelerate economic growth through technology innovation and the enhancement of international competitiveness in global markets. The objective of this paper is to define the concept and analyze the current status of national R&D programs by measuring R&D efficiencies. We determine R&D efficiency by reflecting inputs and outcomes of the five main agricultural R&D programs between 2010 to 2015, and by categorizing and regrouping figures that may affect R&D performance. Among 1,128 targeted projects, 832 projects with patents and thesis were selected for analysis in terms of measuring technology efficiency, pure technology efficiency, and efficiency of scale. Also, the Kruskal-Wallis test was also utilized as well. As a result of empirical analysis, figures that affected the efficiency level of national R&D programs included differences in research resources, research management levels and skills, and research field. This study can be utilized as a reference for re-establishing national agricultural R&D policies, such as enhancement of national technology competitiveness in the global market environment, improving and adapting to new agricultural conditions, market expansion, national agricultural R&D efficiency, aging rural population, agricultural management cost increase, and climate change mitigation.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.108-113
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze user perceptions of tourism platforms through big data. Data were collected from Naver, Daum, and Google as big data analysis channels. Using semantic network analysis with the keyword 'tourism platform,' a total of 29,265 words were collected. The collection period was set for two years, from August 31, 2021, to August 31, 2023. Keywords were analyzed for connected networks using TexTom and Ucinet programs for social network analysis. Keywords perceived by tourism platform users include 'travel,' 'diverse,' 'online,' 'service,' 'tourists,' 'reservation,' 'provision,' and 'region.' CONCOR analysis revealed four groups: 'platform information,' 'tourism information and products,' 'activation strategies for tourism platforms,' and 'tourism destination market.' This study aims to expand and activate services that meet the needs and preferences of users in the tourism field, as well as platforms tailored to the changing market, based on user perception, current status, and trend data on tourism platforms.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.165-175
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• 2012

Recently, accumulation of technology, transfer, absorption, and commercialization is being significantly recognized as a key factor for sustainable growth of the 21st century global economy. The government established "Technology Transfer and Commercialization Promotion Act" In order that the technology developed at public research institutions can be transferred to the private sector and commercialized; the technology developed in the private sector can be traded and commercialized. Also, the Article 14 of "Technology Transfer and Commercialization Promotion Act" is concerning technology transfer agents' registration, promotion, and support: it introduced the special status system of technology transfer agents and the government registers, manages, and supervises it. In most developed countries, the technology transfer agency is transferred to the private sector and it is referred as a technology transfer agent or technology broker. In the domestic market, despite the introduction of the above special status system and the building a various organization and transfer medium system for boosting the market's revitalization, some problems occurred; because the registration system of a technology transfer agent and legal basis and system about its following-up control fall short. For example, recently technology transfer-related performance exemption has brought the activation of technology transfer agent's registration, but there was the limit of selecting the expert above a certain level. Therefore, some countermeasures for this are urgent, In addition, through a compulsory training completion system before the technology trade agent registration is prepared, a short period of curriculum was not sufficient to provide applicants various specialized knowledge. In this research, it is considered about the reform of technology transfer agent through its comparative study in China and Korea. Some improvements are suggested for expanding the market of technology transfer commercialization, assuring the agents' service and strengthening the competitiveness.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.119-147
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• 2014

Technology competition is becoming a core element to get a competitive advantage in the market economy and its importance has been growing rapidly. Therefore, lots of studies on technology competition have been conducted and diversified. We focused on 'Sailing ship effect' which accelerates innovation in the old technology in response to the threat of the new technology. We found that previous studies had suggested the factors causing 'Sailing ship effect' from the viewpoint of either market or competitor. However, there are a lot of limitations to analyse the status and establish strategies. Hence, we hereby suggest a new technology competition analysis model considering market, technology and especially competitors at once by classifying the results of technology competition: 1) Replacement, 2) Status Quo, 3) Co-existence, and 4) Sailing ship effect. In this paper, we apply three cases to the suggested model in order to judge whether it is reasonable or not and confirm that it explains many cases related to 'exit delay' of a dominant technology. We expect this study will contribute to forecasting the results of technology competition and establish a response strategy if it enters into general use.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1151-1156
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• 2011

Leveraged buyouts (LBO) means the acquisition of a company using bonds and loans. There are the prolific volumes of LBO transactions in the international M&A markets, and its influence to the financial market is increasingly huge. However, there are very few LBO transaction in the domestic M&A market and there are also few researches in this field due to the private nature of LBO transactions. Once a company is privatized through a LBO transaction, it is not so long before it is relisted on the stock exchange or it is resold to a third-party investor. In order to repay the borrowed money, an LBO investor may decide to end a company's private status through an exit via an initial public offering (IPO) or a takeover. In this paper, we expand Kaplan's study on the organizational status of post leveraged buyout (LBO) transaction. We find that there is a significant change starting 1986. Most notably, fewer LBOs remain private, the median holding period of the LBO was cut in half to 3.2 years and of those that exit, IPO exits had significantly shorter holding periods. Regression analysis shows that good market conditions lengthen the holding period of a LBO investment whereas the size of the transaction shortens it.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.87-114
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• 2008

The cultured tuna production which has suddenly expanded at the short time and the demand for it attract attention. Farming mode, distribution transactions, change of the market (domestic and international) and the price trend are reviewed from the Japan's position which is the biggest consuming country. This paper tries to describe the current status of the food system related to the cultured tuna. Japanese government began the development of the tuna culture technology in 1970. It was by the Fisheries Agency's project. Kinki University which is the large scale private university in Japan participated in the project. After that, 32 years have passed. Kinki University established the full farming of the bluefin tuna in August, 2002. On the other hand, in 1974, one Japanese private enterprise began its tuna farming business in Canada. Kinki University gave this company technical cooperation. Also, in the early stages of the 90s, as for the policy of the overseas fishery cooperation foundation, it supported the tuna farming business in Australia. It is very clear to understand that the long-term technological-development has supported the take-off scene of the tuna culture business not only in foreign countries but also in Japan. The total shipment scale of the cultured tuna expanded very much within about 10 recent years. However, the decrease of the wild tuna catch, the reinforcement of the fisheries regulation and the tuna body to dwarf are remarkable now. Under the condition as the mentioned above, Japan's tuna consumption, especially, in the market at the fatty meat of tuna of the cultured tuna is building up firm status. At present, the Mediterranean Sea coastal countries, Australia, Mexico and Japan have the tuna farming sites. Australia farms the southern bluefin tuna. The others do the bluefin tuna. About for 3 years, Japan farms the juvenile of the tuna. The global production areas are as follows. 8 coastal countries of the Mediterranean Sea; 18,000 tons (61 % of the cultured tuna quantity in foreign countries), Mexico; 4,500 ton (15%), Australia; 7,000 tons (24%). In 2003, Japan has 32 managements and 39 offices for tuna farming. In Japan, Kyushu and Okinawa district, the share shows itself as 80 % of the domestic production quantity. Especially, the share of Amami-oshima Island in Kagoshima Prefecture exceeds 60 %. Therefore, this island has the maximum production scale of Japan. The amount of supply of BT and SBT was 56,000 tons in 2004. In Abroad, the tuna farming business forms a fixed connection between the importer and the wholesaler which have their office in Japan. In the field of the capital composition, the payment in advance, transaction and the way of settlement, each maintains their fixed relation. The market conditions of the cultured tuna are supported by "the decline of price level" and "the expansion of the general public consumption segment". These lead a team merchandising, and it is supported by the fixed business connection of each. This makes the profit of each business which are on the cultured tuna distribution. However, they have competition on the power balance among them.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-64
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• 2007

The study is examined to illustrate Korea's status in service trade, including travel deficit, outbound travel market, and inbound travel market. This research will also illustrate what factors generate the growth of travel deficit and suggest some alternatives to solve it even if government notes a steady increase in exports of cultural products and programs and entertainment services, driven by the Korean Wave sweeping across Asia. The study suggested some possible alternatives such as growth of travel balance, improvement of low image on Korean tourism, aggressive participation of government, strengthened role of Korean Tourism Organization(KTO), and appropriate control on overseas studies to lessen an increase of travel deficit. In addition, the study concluded, even if a tourism industry includes a higher multiplier effect, the spontaneous participation intention by Koreans themselves and the strong supports from local governments should be another major successful factors to settle down the travel deficit.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.89-99
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• 2018

Purpose - In this study, we discuss the current status and barriers of digital transformation focused on small businesses. More specifically, this study consists of two studies. The purpose of study 1 is to investigate the effect of digitization of small businesses on the sales of stores and the number of visiting customers. The purpose of Study 2 is to examine the status and obstacles of online channels use by small businesses. Research design, data, and methodology - In Study 1, we will examine the changes in sales and visitor numbers of stores that are rapidly adapting to digital transformation among small business. For this, we utilize the actual situation of store management survey conducted by the Small Enterprise and Market Service. Specifically, multiple regression equations were used to determine whether blogs and online shopping malls were operating, and the proportion of credit cards to sales as independent variables and sales and number of visiting customers as dependent variables. Next, in Study 2, we surveyed the 15 small business owners in the latest survey on the actual situation of store management survey conducted in 2015, and conducted an in-depth interview to examine the barriers to the use of online channels by small business. Results - As a result of study 1, it is found that the small business who run the blogs have higher sales and visits than the small business who do not. However, there is no difference in the sales and the number of visiting customers between the stores that operate the online shopping malls and those that do not. Second, the higher the proportion of credit cards, the higher the sales and the number of visiting customers. In study 2, we analyzed the barriers to the expansion of online channels by in-depth interviews. Interviews show that barriers to access to online channels are limited by search neutrality, high commission burden, and low bargaining power. These problems are caused by the insufficiency of small business compared to online and mobile portal and O2O platform vendors. Conclusions - This study suggests that small business who have difficulty in establishing direct online channels need digital transformation of small business. In addition, when using such an external platform, we have identified the problems that small business face.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2006

Since the late 1990s, 'smart clothing' has been developed in a various way to meet the need of users and to help people more friendly interact with computers through its various designs. Recently, various applications of smart clothing concept have been presented by researchers. Among the various applications, smart clothing with a health care system is most likely to gain the highest demand rate in the market. Among them, smart clothing for check-up of health status with its sensors is expected to sell better than other types of smart clothing on the market. Under this circumstance, research and development for this field have been accelerated furthermore. This research institution has invented biometric sensors suitable for the smart clothing, and has developed a design to diagnose various diseases such as cardiac disorder and respiratory diseases. The newly developed smart clothing in this study looks similar to the previous inventions, but people can feel more comfortable in it with its fabric interaction built in it. When people wear it, the health status of the wearers is diagnosed and its signals are transmitted to the connected computer so the result can be easily monitored in real time. This smart clothing is a new kind of clothing as a supporting system for preventing various cardiac disorder and respiratory diseases using its biometric sensor built-in, and is also an archetype to show how smart clothing can work on the market.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-45
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• 2017

This study aims at explaining organizational mechanisms of inequality that has been rising rapidly alongside the proliferation of irregular employment in the post-crisis Korean labor market. It argues that inequality is not sufficiently explained by individual gap in human capital or widespread marketization as such. Social categories into which each individual worker falls seems more important as a source of labor market inequality. Employment types that are composed of regular and irregular employment do not simply indicate the different economic meanings of employment contracts but have rather been institutionalized as a social category of status in the context of inequality over the past two decades. They are also often matched with other social categories such as gender that have created and reproduced greater labor market inequality. We pay attention to the organizational practice of dominant incumbents who make claims for advantages of return based on their exclusive accessibility to limited organizational resources and explain how that particular practice plays a role to increase relational inequality between those insiders who achieve advantageous returns and outsiders mostly irregular workers who are excluded from those resources because of the social categories that they belong to. In this study, we identify seniority based pay as the key organizational practice that justifies categorical differences within the workplace and examine how that particular practice contributes to organizational level segmentation and income ineqaulity.