• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.95-109
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• 2012

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the variety of self-integration in accordance with the age of the elderly citizens and to verify the interactive effects of age groups and demographical characteristics on self-integration. For the purpose of this research, group of 603 elderly people who reside in Busan and are aged more than 65 were selected as participants. In this research, the elderly citizens were categorized into three age groups namely 65-74, 75-84, and above 85 years. From the results of the research we found out the following results: There were differences in self-integration across the various age groups; the age groups and the level of education had interactive effects on each other; there were differences in self-integration according to the level of education, marital status, type of co-living with children, economic status, and health status. The research showed significance in analyzing, positively the fact that public services which are designed for elder citizens need to be provided discriminatively and they should be suited for the various age groups.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.47-64
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• 1998

This study was conducted to collect the baseline data of physical health status and nursing needs of the elderly for developing an educational program for nursing professionals. The data was collected from 287 people who were 65 years old or older belonging to a selected 8 out of the 39 welfare centers in Pusan during the period from February 25 to November 30, 1996. Socio-demographic characteristics, frequency of hospitalization, and the prevalence of chronic illnesses were measured to assess the physical health status of the center's elderly admitted to the hospital during the period of data collection. The 5-point Likert-type scale composed of 20 items was used. The data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Program (SPSS PC+). The results were summarized as follows : 1. The proportion of elderly subjects with chronic illnesses was 73.6%. Among 6 types of chronic illnesses, hypertension was the most prevalent(23.7%), cardiovascular disease was the second(18.1%), gastrointestinal disease the third(17.1%), musculosskeletal disease the fourth(12.9%), liver and biliary disease the fifth(12.5%), and diabetes the sixth. 2. The average score of the subjects' health status was 3.649 on the 5-point Likert scale. Among the 6 factors related to physical health, personal hygiene was the strongest factor(4.612) ; elimination was the second(4.491) ; sensation the third(4.369), outside activity the fourth(3.675), digestion the fifth(3.331), and sexual life the sixth. 3. Gender, marital status, religion, educational level, family structure, living arrangements, and perceived health status were significantly related to the elderly's physical health status. 4. Among the nursing needs of the elderly, emotional support and care was the strongest need(74.2%) ; physical therapy was the second(73.2%) ; education about diease control the third(64.8%) ; medication the fourth(63.8%) ; and the range of motion exercise the fourth(61.0%).

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.275-290
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• 2005

This study investigates whether previous experiences in the labor market such as previous employment type and job type are related to the economic status and poverty in the elderly in Korea. Previous studies are limited in explaining the causes of poverty by using only the proxy variables such as age, marital status, and gender to classify the poverty status of the elderly after poverty has been identified. Therefore little is known about how the economic well-being after retirement is interrelated with previous job experiences in the labour market. The results indicate that the last job type and type of employment are significant predictors for the economic status of elderly. Job type in the labour market is critical for the lifetime economic status of an individual. These findings imply that we might need to reconsider the current public pension system which directly relates the benefit level to the amount of contribution. A system introducing a basic pension or a minimum pension benefit based on the citizenship or residence might be an alternative worth to consider.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.76-83
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• 2001

This study was designed to determine serum osmolality and to investigate the association among serum osmolality, health-related factors and biochemical indices. Two hundred thirty seven elderly(86 male, 151 female : mean age 73.8) residing in the chungbuk area participated. Sociodemographic data and self-perceived health status were obtained by interview, and biochemical parameters were measured. The mean serum osmolaity was 301.2$\pm$10.1 mOsm/kg(range 240.8~328.9 mOsm/kg) and serum osmolality of the females(302.4 mOsm/kg) was significantly(p＜0.05) higher than that of the males(299.0 mOsm/kg). Only 11.0% of the elderly were within the accepted normal range(280~295 mOsm/kg) and the majority of the subjects were in a hyperosmolar state(60.8% : 296~307 mOsm/kg). It was observed that serum osmolality was reduced with increasing age but not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in serum osmolality according to marital status. Serum osmolality was significantly lower(p＜0.05) in the elderly with higher self-perceived health scores than the elderly with lower self-perceived health scores, however no significant difference was observed between the presence or absence of disease. Serum osmolality tended to be higher(p=0.06) in the elderly with difficulty in mobility than the elderly who have no problem in mobility. Serum osmolality tended to be higher(p=0.06) among drug users compared to that of non-users. There was a significant association between serum osmolality and serum albumin in females but not in males. Significant associations were shown between serum osmolality and serum transferrin in both sexes. However, there was no significant correlation between serum osmolality and hemoglobin or hematocrit except with hematocrit in females only. The results of this study indicated that the elderly were dehydrated and hydration state seems to influence health status and, the elderly should be encouraged to drink an adequate amount of fluids. Also, the hydration state is required to be assessed and considered for the interpretation of biochemical parameters.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.3 s.43
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• pp.412-429
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• 1993

For the purpose of promotion of mental health in the rural elderly, the author surveyed 558 elderlies aged 60 years or more, and assessed the prevalence rates of depression and cognitive impairment by using self-rating depression scale of Zung (SDS) and the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (MMSEK). Also the association between depression or cognitive function and socio-environmental factors were investigated. The major findings were as follows ; 1. The prevalence rates of severe depression and cognitive impairment were 20.9% and 14.9% in all the elderly of both sexes, respectively. 2. The rates of depression and cognitive impairment increased with increasing age in both sex groups. The mean scores of SDS increased and the mean scores of MMSEK decreased significantly among them (p<0.01). 3. Those being female, widows or widowers, and those having low levels of physical activity, showed significantly high the mean scores of depression and had significantly low the mean scores of cognitive impairment (p<0.01). 4. The depression scores relating to decreased libido, confusion, psychomotor retardation, hopelessness and indecisiveness were relatively high in both sexes. 5. All the items of mini-mental state examination were significantly correlated with depression. 6. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on depression, MMSEK, level of physical activity, chronic disease, marital status and family income were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 33.7%. 7. In stepwise multiple regression analysis on cognitive function, level of physical activity, age, depression, sex and marital status were selected as highly correlated variables, and the $R^2$-value for these variables was 62.6%. The depression and cognitive impairment of the elderly were positively correlated with nearly all sociodemographic variables.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.310-321
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the elderly's health statuses, health behavior, and social relations on their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to their family types. Methods: The subjects of this study were 1000 elderly persons (298 living alone, 420 living with their spouses, and 282 living with their family)living in C city in Gangwon Province. Data were collected through structured questionnaires from July 20 to September 30, 2015. The SPSS/WIN program was used for data analysis. Results: The HRQoL of the elderly living alone was much lower than the other groups. The most influential factors on the HRQoL include self-rated health and depressive symptoms in all three groups. Social activities and skipping meals were associated with the HRQoL of the elderly living alone and living with their spouses, while marital status, number of chronic disease, and instrumental activities of daily living were associated with the HRQoL of the elderly living with their family. Conclusion: Nurses should take into account family types when designing interventions for improving the HRQoL of the elderly.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 2002

The main purposes of this study are to examine the impact of parent's and child's incomes on financial transfers from elderly parents to their adult children, and to study other factors influencing financial transfers from parents to children. Analyzing data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, which provides long-term observations of financial transfers, the current study finds strong positive effects of parent's income on financial transfers from parents to their adult children. In terms of determinants of financial transfers, the results of multivariate logistic regression analyses suggest that child's education child's marital status, and sibling size are statistically significant determinants of parent-to-child financial transfers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.102-110
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate health behavior, life satisfaction and stress in elderly people living in a rural community. Methods: The participants in this study were 198 elders from Y-county. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results: There were statistically significant differences in stress according to the residential area. There were statistically significant differences in the health status of the elders according to age, education level, marital status, and presence of spouse. There were statistically significant differences in life satisfaction according to sex, marital status, education level, use of meeting facilities for elders and presence of spouse. The health status of the elders was also positively related to life satisfaction and negatively related to stress. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that health status is a core factor determining the quality of life for elders. Therefore, a priority for gerontological nursing has to be a focus on improving the psychological and physical health for elders.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for falls among the elderly living in community. Method: This was a descriptive study. The subjects comprised 80 elderly aged 65 years or over living in D city. The instruments used for this study was the MDS-HC V2.0. The data was analyzed by SPSS Win 14.0 using t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. Result: Among the socio-demographic characteristics, the significant differences were found in ADL by gender and marital status. Older elderly(${\geq}85$) used more medications than other elderly. The elderly were use average 4.33 medications, but 46.3% of the subjects didn't have the physician reviewed all medications. There was statistically significant correlation between number of medications and accidental falls. Conclusion: Nurses should inspect about the number of medications, drug interaction, and side effects. It would be preventive intervention for falls in elderly.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the correlation among perceived health, depression and activities of daily living in low-income community dwelling elderly. Methods: The subjects consisted of 254 basic livelihood security person aged over 65, who live in house located in Buk-gu, Daegu city. The data was collected through interview with questionnaire from July 1 to August 20, 2009. Results: The average number of the perceived status in study subjects was 2.37. The average scores of activities of daily living (ADL) were 5.55. There was a significant relationship between perceived health status & ADL (r=.270, p=.01) and between depression & ADL (r=-.163, p=.01). The general characteristics which significantly affected depression was sex (t=-1.986, p=.49), education (F=8.968, p=.000), marital status (F=2.588, p=.037), occupation (t=33.258, p=.000). The general characteristics which significantly affected ADL was occupation (t=-7.677, p=.000). Conclusion: The finding of this study give useful information for constructing an intervention program and care for low-income elderly.