• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2024

외항 상선 선박 척수가 증가하고 있지만, 한국인 해기사가 감소하여 인력 부족 문제가 심각하게 대두되고 있는 상황에서 본 연구는 외항 상선 해기사 인력 수요와 공급을 결정하는 요인들을 객관적으로 측정하여 정확한 인력 수요와 공급을 예측하고자 하였다. 인력 수요는 선박 규모별 필요 해기사 수의 차이를 반영하여 선박 증가 예측치에 이를 적용하여 직급별로 예측하였다. 인력 공급은 Markov모형을 활용하여 연도별 승진, 이직, 퇴직, 신규 진입 등의 증감요인을 반영하여 직급별 연령별로 세분화하여 예측하였다. 외항 상선 해기사 인력 수요는 2023년 11,638명에서 2030년 13,879명으로 증가하고, 공급은 2023년 7,006명에서 2030년 6,426명으로 감소하여 2040년에는 부족인원이 1만명을 넘는 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구는 객관적인 데이터와 과학적 분석방법 및 논리적 추론을 통해 예측의 정확도를 제고하여 외항 상선해기사 인력 부족 문제를 해결하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.476-486
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• 2014

This study is aimed to understand the vertical distribution of fish in the daytime and nighttime using an acoustic survey in Yondam reservoir of Jeollabuk-do, and an acoustical backscattering strength of dominant species, bass (Micropterus salmoides) and a bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), which are classified as the ecosystem disturbing species. The results showed that the fish school was distributed in the shallow areas of less than 10 m depth during the period of Aug. and Oct. where it had a strong thermocline, otherwise, it was distributed over 10-times density under stable water temperatures as $13^{\circ}C$ in Nov. There was no vertical patchiness difference between daytime and nighttime unlike the typical marine ecosystem. The dominant species were crucian carp, bluegill, bass. The hydroacoustic method can provide the spatial distribution and effective removal ways of the ecosystem disturbing species in inland fisheries.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-34
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• 2013

Submarine pipelines encounter significant wave forces in shallow coastal waters due to the action of waves. In order to reduce such forces (also to protect the pipe against anchors and dropped objects) they are buried below the seabed. The wave force variation due to burial depends on the engineering characteristics of the sub soil like hydraulic conductivity and porosity, apart from the design environmental conditions. For a given wave condition, in certain type of soil, the wave force can reduce drastically with increased burial and in certain other type of soil, it may not. It is hence essential to understand how the wave forces vary in soils of different hydraulic conductivity. Based on physical model study, the wave forces on the buried pipeline model is assessed for a wide range of wave conditions, for different burial depths and for four types of cohesion-less soils, covering hydraulic conductivity in the range of 0.286 to 1.84 mm/s. It is found that for all the four soil types, the horizontal wave force reduces with increase in depth of burial, whereas the vertical force is high for half buried condition. Among the soils, well graded one is better for half buried case, since the least vertical force is experienced for this situation. It is found that uniformly graded and low hydraulic conductivity soil attracts the maximum vertical force for half buried case. A case study analysis is carried out and is reported. The results of this study are useful for submarine buried pipeline design.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.551-555
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• 2014

ADCPs have been widely used to estimate the dynamic characteristics and biomass of sound scattering layers (SSLs), and swimming speed of fish schools for analyzing SSLs spatial distribution and/or various behavior patterns. This result showed that the verification of the mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS or averaged SV, dB) acquired by the ADCP would be necessary for a quantitative analysis on the spatial distribution and the biomass estimation of the SSLs or fish school when ADCP is used for estimating their biomass. In addition, the calibrated sphere method was used to verify values of each MVBS obtained from 4 beams of ADCP (153.6 kHz) on the base of 3 frequencies (38, 120, 200 kHz) of Scientific echo sounder's split beam system. Then, the measured SV values were compared and analyzed in its Target Strength (TS, dB) values estimated by a theoretical acoustic scattering model.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2020

Underwater acoustics that is the study of the phenomenon of underwater wave propagation and its interaction with boundaries, has mainly been applied to the fields of underwater communication, target detection, marine resources, marine environment, and underwater sound sources. Based on the scientific and engineering understanding of acoustic signals/data, recent studies combining traditional and data-driven machine learning methods have shown continuous progress. Machine learning, represented by deep learning, has shown unprecedented success in a variety of fields, owing to big data, graphical processor unit computing, and advances in algorithms. Although machine learning has not yet been implemented in every single field of underwater acoustics, it will be used more actively in the future in line with the ongoing development and overwhelming achievements of this method. To understand the research trends of machine learning applications in underwater acoustics, the general theoretical background of several related machine learning techniques is introduced in this paper.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 2.4GHz(ISM) 대역의 블루투스 시스템에 사용되는 역-F형 내부 안테나의 설계 파라미터 값에 따른 안테나 특성을 분석하였다. PCB 기판에 인쇄된 형태로 설계하여 안테나의 길이, 단락 스터브의 두께, 피드선과 단락 스터브 사이의 간격, 안테나와 접지면 사이의 간격, 안테나의 두께 및 기판의 두께와 기판의 유전율에 따른 특성 변화를 연구하였다. 설계 값에 따른 특성 변화로부터 설계 파라미터값을 튜닝하여 최적의 안테나를 설계하는 방법을 보였다. 설계된 안테나는 VSWR이 1.5이하인 주파수 대역폭이 6.3%(150MHz)였으며, 이득은 3dBi 정도를 얻었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2024

In this study, we estimated the distribution density of giant jellyfish in coastal waters of Korea in 2023 and compared the occurrence of giant jellyfish over four years. In May, the giant jellyfish were mainly distributed in the waters of the Yangtze River outflow, and in July, they were highly distributed in the west of Jeju Island and near the south coast of Korea. In addition, when comparing the distribution densities of giant jellyfish in Korea over four years, both acoustic and sighting surveys showed that the highest density of jellyfish occurred in 2021.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2020

R/V EARDO, commissioned in 1992, has successfully carried out ocean research campaigns in Korean jurisdictional and adjacent waters, including continental margins and coastal zones within the Korean Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), for 29 years. However, it will soon be reaching the end of its useful service life. A replacement for R/V EARDO is urgently needed to ensure the safety of vessel itself and its crews, and efficient ship operation and maintenance, as well as to meet modern scientific mission requirements (SMRs). Basic specifications for a replacement ship have been devised and reviewed over the past nine months. A test of the proposed hull form was also performed. The total tonnage of the proposed vessel is approximately 740 tons, and the overall length and width are 62.0 and 11.6 m, respectively. The new ship will thus be 73% larger than the current R/V EARDO; in particular, the research workspace will be 4.4 times larger. The major design priorities are the propulsion system, efficiency of radiated noise and vibration control, and the dynamic positioning system. An environmentally friendly emission system, meeting International Maritime Organization (IMO) Tier III regulations, will be installed in the third exhaust pipe. Various wet and dry lab spaces as well as 32 different scientific instruments have also been considered in the ship design.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2009

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation has been widely used for the production of genetically modified transgenic plants to obtain specific desired traits. Most of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the transformation steps have been well elucidated over the years. However, a few steps, such as nuclear targeting, T-DNA integration, and Agrobacterium-plant proteins involved remain largely obscure and are still under extensive studies. This review describes the major steps involved in the molecular mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and provides insight in the recent developments in studies on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system. Some factors affecting the transformation efficiency are also briefly discussed.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.141-160
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• 2022

항만건설사업은 해양생물 서식지 훼손, 해양수질 오염, 해수유동 및 해안 침·퇴적 변화 등 다양한 해양환경적 문제들을 야기할 수 있다. 환경영향평가는 이러한 환경적 문제를 사전에 예방하기 위하여 사업 시행 전에 환경영향평가를 통해 환경적 문제를 미리 예측하고 영향을 최소화하기 위한 방안을 마련하고자 실시한다. 아울러 환경영향평가 검토기관에서는 사업별 환경영향평가 가이드라인 마련을 통해 과학적이고 표준화된 환경영향평가가 실시될 수 있도록 노력하고 있다. 본 연구는 항만건설사업에 특화된 환경영향평가 가이드라인을 마련하기 위하여 지난 13년간(2009~2021년)의 항만건설사업 환경영향평가서 검토의견을 토대로 환경영향평가 시의 문제점들을 살펴보고, 기존 환경영향평가서 작성 가이드라인 등을 참조하여 항만건설사업 해양환경 환경영향평가에 적합한 가이드라인을 마련하고자 하였다. 본 가이드라인은 중점 검토항목인 해양 동·식물, 해양물리, 해양수질 및 해저퇴적물환경 항목을 대상으로, 현황조사, 영향 예측, 저감방안, 사후환경영향조사에서의 중점 검토사항을 정리하여 제시하였다. 해양 동·식물 항목 현황조사 시, 해역 특성 및 항만사업의 성격을 고려한 조사정점 선정 방안과 영향 예측 시, 부유토사 확산으로 인한 해양생물 영향과 준설 및 매립으로 인한 저서생물 서식지 훼손에 대한 영향 예측 실시 방안 등을 제시하였다. 해양물리 항목의 현황조사 시, 조사항목은 해역 특성을 고려하여 필수 조사항목과 부가 조사항목으로 구분하여 제시하였고, 영향 예측 시에는 해수유동실험과 부유사확산실험, 퇴적물이동실험, 수온 및 염분 확산, 해수교환율실험, 파랑변형실험, 항내정온도실험, 해안선변화실험 방안 등을 제시하였다. 본 연구 결과는 항만건설사업 환경영향평가를 수행하는데 있어서 보다 체계적이고 과학적인 조사 및 영향 예측을 유도하여 해양환경을 보호하는데 기여할 것이다.